• Journal of Radiation Protection and Research
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.41-48
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• 2004

A safety assessment code, called SAGE (Safety Assessment Groundwater Evaluation), has been developed to describe post-closure radionuclide releases and potential radiological doses for low- and intermediate-level radioactive waste (LILW) disposal in an engineered vault facility in Korea. The conceptual model implemented in the code is focused on the release of radionuclide from a gradually degrading engineered barrier system to an underlying unsaturated zone, thence to a saturated groundwater zone. The radionuclide transport equations are solved by spatially discretizing the disposal system into a series of compartments. Mass transfer between compartments is by diffusion/dispersion and advection. In all compartments, radionuclides ate decayed either as a single-member chain or as multi-member chains. The biosphere is represented as a set of steady-state, radionuclide-specific pathway dose conversion factors that are multiplied by the appropriate release rate from the far field for each pathway. The code has the capability to treat input parameters either deterministically or probabilistically. Parameter input is achieved through a user-friendly Graphical User Interface. An application is presented, which is compared against safety assessment results from the other computer codes, to benchmark the reliability of system-level conceptual modeling of the code.

• Journal of the Ergonomics Society of Korea
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• v.33 no.5
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• pp.407-422
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• 2014

Objective: The purpose of the study is to develop quantitative usability evaluation criteria for senior-friendly autonomous transportation robot. Background: The Republic of Korea has become the most rapidly aging society, and is anticipated to enter the post-aged society in 2026. To raise the quality of life of a senior with limited mobility and to reduce the burden of caregivers, many high-tech assistive products with information technologies are developed nowadays. The senior-friendly autonomous transportation robot is one person robot vehicle to move a senior to the destination for hospitals, nursing homes or silver town complex. With built-in navigation system and environmental monitoring censors, it automatically seeks the path to the destination and avoids collision to obstacles and pedestrians on the way. Due to the early stage of the product, few usability studies in this field have been done, mostly on general service robots to assist seniors, power wheelchairs and delivery robots. ISO and KS standards for the service robots are focused on safety. Method: Based on the reference usability index, the early draft of the usability evaluation questionnaires was developed. After small group tests and interviews, the experts modified the initial draft to the Usability Evaluation Criteria for Senior-Friendly Autonomous Transportation Robot (UEC-SFATR). Result: UEC-SFATR consisted of 4 subscales - Safety, Controllability, Efficiency and Satisfaction. All of the 4 subscales of UEC-SFATR were passed the reliability criteria by 4 groups of seniors, divided by gender and familiarity of smart-devices. Conclusion: UEC-SFATR covers wider area of user experiences of the SFATR and is a good measurement tool to help both the users and developers of the robot. Application: This study provides guide to the future product development and product competitiveness evaluation by quantifying user experiences for the SFATR.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.41 no.3
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• pp.297-304
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• 2021

The maintenance management system of domestic public facilities is shifting from the concept of diagnosis and repair for maintaining safety of facilities to performance evaluation method that improves and maintains the performance of facilities. However, in Korea, the performance evaluation method for the maintenance of facilities has not been established, so the performance evaluation has not been properly performed. In this study, we propose an asset management model that introduces the concept of performance evaluation to complement the simple maintenance strategy focused on safety management of current facilities. This model differentiated from the existing model by proposing a method for using WBS as a method for collecting facility maintenance information. This model proposed the most important level of service evaluation method and performance measure factors in the performance evaluation of facilities, and conducted a case analysis to assess the appropriateness of this model.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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• v.37 no.5
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• pp.56-61
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• 2022

In this study, a systematic survey was employed to investigate managers' awareness on the safety culture project in small- to medium-sized industries. The existing regulatory and technology-oriented disaster prevention strategy has been implemented to reduce industrial accidents within a short timeframe, but it is essential to reduce fundamental accidents as well by improving the organizational safety culture or software elements, such as safety awareness. Questionnaires and interviews were conducted to examine the managers' awareness about safety culture, consisting of 17 questions related to safety consulting and with the participation of 191 executives and safety managers. The results showed a significant difference in the self-pay rate of safety consulting depending on the size of the workplace under evaluation. Based on the results, the safety-consulting business focused on providing differentiated consulting support and realistic improvement plans according to the workplace size. The study concluded that it is possible to reduce fundamental human errors and improve organizations' safety awareness or safety culture by employing safety consulting differentiated by workplace size.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.18 no.11
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• pp.31-45
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• 2017

According to the railway accident statistics in recent years, the frequency of accidents has been significantly reduced, due to the advance of related technologies and the establishment of safety information management systems. Nonetheless, accidents due to errors in the operation and maintenance phase and faults in safety design continue to occur. Therefore, to prevent accidents, guidelines for the safety design and manufacture of railway vehicles were established, and a request for the independent safety evaluation of safety designs was made. To respond to this, rail system developers must prepare safety cases as a safety activity product. One of the main items of these safety cases is the safety-related application conditions (SRAC) and, thus, the question of how to develop these SRAC is an important one. The SRAC studies reported so far focused only on the simplicity of the derivation procedure and the specific safety activities in the design phase. This method seems to have the advantage of quickly deriving SRAC items. However, there is a risk that some important safety-related items may be missing. As such, this paper proposes an improved method of developing the SRAC based on the idea of performing both the safety design and safety evaluation activities throughout the whole system lifecycle. In this way, it is possible to develop and manage the SRAC more systematically. Especially, considering the SRAC from the initial stage of the design can allow the safety requirements to be reflected to a greater extent. Also, an application case study on railway signaling systems shows that the method presented herein can prevent the omission of important safety-related items, due to the consideration of the SRAC throughout the system lifecycle.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.192-200
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• 2016

This study aims to design user-oriented children's hospital by examining the user needs, especially the mothers of child inpatients and the nurses. The subjects participated in a questionnaire survey including the user's characteristics, awareness of patient's room, the preference on ward size, demands, satisfaction and hospital environment assessment. The survey was conducted of the mothers of child inpatients and the nurses in A children's hospital, and the data were analyzed by the SPSS WIN 18.0 Version software. A total of 115 copies of the questionnaire were finally analyzed. The results and conclusions are as follows. 1) The mothers' demand on family-centered space and private spaces were higher than the nurses. 2) The mothers preferred 1-bed-room to 4-bed-room due to safety and privacy. 3) The items of hospital environment assessment was categorized into four factors; 'Aesthetics', 'Accessibility', 'Comfort', and 'Lighting'. The most positive factor was 'Aesthetics', whereas 'Comfort' was the negative factor. 4) The mother's satisfaction was lower than the nurse's. The most influential factors on the satisfaction was 'Accessibility'. To improve the satisfaction of the mothers of child inpatients and the nurses, safety, privacy, accessibility should be considered.

• Journal of the Korea Safety Management & Science
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.209-218
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• 2008

The growth in services has focused issues of service quality both for commercial enterprises and across a range of public services and government institutions. The education sector, in particular, has undergone radical change to meet the needs of its varied constituents. This paper examines key issues in internal service, customer satisfaction, service quality, relational commitment as they apply in one particular education sector. The purpose of this study is to analyze effect of internal service on customer satisfaction, educational service quality. First, In the dimension of internal service, many factors affect internal customer's evaluation for overall satisfaction. They are categorized as five factors; tangibles, reliability, responsiveness, assurance, empathy. The results of this study supported the proposed conceptual framework overall. Therefore, we identified that internal service quality is the antecedent of an internal customer satisfaction, and the consequent variables of an internal customer satisfaction are educational service quality, external customer satisfaction. The major findings of this study are summarized as follows. First, some factors(tangibles, reliability, responsiveness, assurance, empathy) affected positively internal customer satisfaction. Second, external service quality affected positively educational service quality, external satisfaction. In other words, the more internal customers have experienced internal service, the higher internal service quality deliver educational service quality.

• Journal of the Korea Safety Management & Science
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.71-83
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• 2008

Most researches on the corporate credit rating are generally classified into the area of bankruptcy prediction and bond rating. The studies on bankruptcy prediction have focused on improving the performance in binary classification problem, since the criterion variable is categorical, bankrupt or non-bankrupt. The other studies on bond rating have predicted the credit ratings, which was already evaluated by bond rating experts. The financial institute, however, should perform effective loan evaluation and risk management by employing the corporate credit rating model, which is able to determine the credit of corporations. Therefore, in this study we present a medium sized corporate credit rating system by using Artificial Neural Network(ANN) and Analytical Hierarchy Process(AHP). Also, we developed AHP model for credit rating using non-financial information. For the purpose of completed credit rating model, we integrated the ANN and AHP model using both financial information and non-financial information. Finally, the credit ratings of each firm are assigned by the proposed method.

• International Journal of Highway Engineering
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.103-111
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• 2012

PURPOSES : Effective speed management is necessary for preventing traffic crashes on the road. Speed hump is known as an effective tool for managing speed. Unlike existing studies which are mainly focused on humps for vehicles, this study proposed a novel method to determine design parameters for bicycle speed humps based on a multi-criteria decision making process. METHODS : Three objectives including the effectiveness of speed reduction, bicycle safety, and user's comfortability were incorporated into the proposed evaluation framework for determining design parameters. A multi-criteria value function was also derived and utilized as a part of the proposed method. RESULTS : Extensive simulations and statistical tests show that an integrated bike-box way is identified as the best in terms of operational efficiency and safety. CONCLUSIONS : It is expected that the outcomes of this study can be a valuable precursor for developing design guidelines for bicycle road and facility.

• Journal of the Korea Safety Management & Science
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• v.9 no.6
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• pp.81-88
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• 2007

This study deals with the overall meta-cognitive aspects of ATC-Pilot miscommunications pertinent to cognitive human errors based on the previous literature research which it has been focused on the issue of the global aviation English use in regard with aircraft accident and incident. Especially, it addresses the concern over the ICAO aviation English language proficiency evaluation program which will be implemented globally in March, 2008. In addition, It presents the analysis related to the on-going English language proficiency level four test conducted for Korean civil airlines pilots and air traffic controllers.