• 한국가정과교육학회지
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.1-28
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• 2009

본 연구의 목적은 현행 교과서의 노인주거 내용에 대한 교사의 중요도 인식을 조사하여 노인주거 교육내용 구성과 교수학습 과정에 참고할 수 있는 기초 자료를 제공하는 것으로 이를 위해 7차 교육과정 기술 가정 교과서 10종의 주생활단원 노인주거 내용을 5개 내용요소의 67개 항목으로 분석하였으며, 기술 가정 교사 233명을 대상으로 중요도 인식을 조사하였다. '안전성과 안전관리'의 11개 항목 중 욕실과 화장실의 안전에 관한 항목이 가장 비중이 높았으며 욕실 화장실의 안전에 관한 항목(욕실 화장실 바닥 미끄럼 방지 처리, 욕실 화장실 안전 손잡이, '샤워기 욕조 세면대의 위치와 높이조정)에 대한 교사의 중요도 인식도 높았다. '노인실 계획'의 7개 항목에서는 보편적으로 적용할 수 있는 기본적 지침(긴급 통보 장치, 화장실을 가깝게 배치, 턱이 없고 높이가 같은 바닥)에 대한 교사의 중요도 인식이 높았다. '가족축소기 및 주거의존기'의 20개 항목에서는 안전사고 방지를 위한 설비 갖추기와 노후기 주거 상황에 보편적으로 적용 가능한 항목(긴급 통보 장치, 턱이 없고 높이가 같은 바닥, 미끄럽지 않은 바닥)에 대한 중요도 인식이 높았다. '3세대 동거 주택'의 11개 항목에서는 안전에 관한 원칙적 내용이나 세대간의 독립성 확보에 관한 항목(노인을 위한 주거 안전 고려, 독립성을 보장하는 세대간의 공간 배치, 노인 전용의 욕실 화장실 두기)에 대한 중요도 인식이 높았다. '유니버설 디자인의 25개 항목에서는 욕실 화장실의 안전한 사용이나 이동의 편리성을 보장하는 항목(욕실 화장실의 안전 손잡이, 턱이 없고 높이가 같은 바닥, 휠체어가 회전할 수 있는 문이나 통로, 휠체어가 통과할 수 있는 문이나 통로)에 대한 중요도 인식이 높았다. 본 연구의 결과에 따라 노인주거 교육내용 구성과 교수학습에 대해 제언할 점은 첫째, 여러 내용요소에 공통으로 포함되며 교사의 중요도 인식이 높은 4개 항목(긴급 통보 장치, 욕실 화장실 안전 손잡이, 턱이 없고 높이가 같은 바닥, 미끄럽지 않은 바닥)을 보편적인 노인주거 교육내용으로 활용할 수 있으며, 둘째, '안전성과 안전관리'의 중점은 욕실 화장실의 안전이 되어야 하며, 셋째, '노인실 계획'의 중점은 화장실의 근접 배치와 보편적 디자인 지침이 되어야 하며, 넷째, '가족축소기 및 주거의존기'의 중점은 안전사고 방지 설비와 보편적 디자인 지침 및 고령화 대비와 연계되는 내용이 되어야 하며, 다섯째, '3세대 동거 주택'의 중점은 노인 주거 안전과 세대 간의 독립성 확보에 관한 내용이 되어야 하며, 여섯째, '유니버설 디자인'의 중점은 보편적 디자인 지침과 이동의 편리성을 보장하는 것으로 관련법과도 일치하는 내용이 되어야 하는 것이다.

• 한국안전학회지
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.38-43
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• 2003

In this paper, the low cycle fatigue(LCF) life tests were carried out under waveforms of asymmetric triangle($4{\times}10^{-3}$ and $4{\times}10^{-10}$ strain rate) and hold-time(1min and 10min) in strain control. In triangular waveform, the fatigue lives of fast-slow waveforms were decreased to about 63-73% and them of slow-fast waveforms were down to about 23-24% compared to them of fast-fast waveforms. The shapes of fracture surfaces were transgranular in fast-fast and fast-slow waveforms and intergranular in slow-fast ones. The fatigue lives of slow-fast waveforms were remarkedly shorter than them of hold-time waveforms even though cycle times of hold time waveforms were longer than them of slow-fast ones. The damage mechanisms of frature surfaces were mixed frature with both transgranular and intergranular, but intergranular fratures were r-type cavity in hold-time waveforms and w-type cavity in slow-fast ones.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• 제51권2호
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• pp.221-225
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• 2013

지속가능성이란 사회적, 경제적, 환경적인 영향을 전반적으로 고려하며, 인간의 건강과 생활 증진을 내포하고, 환경자원의 보호와 경제적 번영을 의미한다. 지속가능성에 대한 심도 있는 이해는 이러한 환경적인 영향에 대한 고려뿐만 아니라 원료 및 자원채취, 이송, 생산 협력의 전반적인 순환을 다루어야 한다. 화학산업의 지속가능한 발전은 화학공정안전의 발전을 통한 상호보완적인 강화없이 이루어지기 어렵다. 이러한 관점에서 화학공정안전은 국제시장에서 경쟁력 강화의 기회라고도 할 수 있다. 화학공정안전의 변화하는 새로운 패러다임은 현존하는 시스템과 생산공정의 기본 디자인을 고려한 총체적 순환 전 과정으로부터 나온다. 이렇게 화학공정안전을 향상시키기 위해서는 관리 시스템을 포함한 정량적 위험성 평가 방법과 다양한 공정안전 데이터 및 지식베이스를 포함한 통합 스마트시스템의 개발이 필요하다. 본 논문에서는 화학산업안전의 전 과정 순환의 필요성에 대해 언급하였고, 이를 향상시키기 위한 공정안전 신기술에 대해 논의하였다. 변화하는 공정시스템공학에서 사고 없는 지속 가능한 산업의 발전을 위해서는 3 가지의 S, 즉 안전(Safety), 안정(Stability), 안보(Security)의 조합이 적절히 이루어져야 할 것이다.

• 한국안전학회지
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.59-66
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• 2007

As the need of handling heavy materials increases, various cranes are used in industries. However, the effectiveness of crane also entails industrial accidents such as falling, constriction etc. In fact, the number of fatal accidents caused by crane is still high in Korea. To find out the causes of the accidents in terms of human error, we developed a man-machine system model that consists of two axes; human information processing and crane life cycle. In the human information processing dimension, we simplified it as five functions; sensing and perception, decision making and memory, response etc. In the crane life cycle dimension, we divided it into nine phases; design, production, operation etc. For the 152 fatal accident records during 1999-2006 years, we classified them into 45 cells made by two axes. Then we identified the preceding causes of the classified crane accident based on performance shaping factors. As the results of statistical analysis, the overall trend of crane fatal accidents was described. For the cause analysis, wrong decision making in work plan phase shows the highest frequency. Next, the poor information input in crane operation followed in accident frequency. In ergonomics view, the problems of interface design in displays and controls made 11.8% of fatal accidents. Following the analysis, several ergonomic design guidelines to prevent crane accidents were suggested.

• 한국안전학회지
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.25-39
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• 1989

Cyclic temperature creep tests were carried out an AS 7075 alloy specimens were subjected to a constant load and stepwise temperature cycles in which temperature was fluctuated between 30$0^{\circ}C$ and 25$0^{\circ}C$ with three different cycle ratios. The highest frequency of cycling was 1 cycle per 10 hr and the lowest one was 1 cycle per 12 hr. From the creep experimental results with the above conditions the creep strain under cyclic temperature can be predicted easily by introd ucing the equivalent steady temperature because defined by Eq.(16), but the rupture life is 1.1 time than those of constant temperature because of effect of temperature history at tertiary creep range. Besides thlis result, the results of the creep test under cyclic temperature conditions are respectively compayiea with calculated rupture lives using the life fraction law and Eq.(18). The agreement between the obseried rupture times and calculated ones is fairly good. So creep rupture lives can be respectively predicted using life fraction law and Eq.(18).

• Computers and Concrete
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.167-179
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• 2020

Optimal design of structures against earthquake loads is often limited to reduce initial construction costs, while the cost induced to structures during their useful life may be several times greater than the initial costs. Therefore, it is necessary to consider the indirect costs due to earthquakes in the design process. In this research, an integrated methodology for calculating life cycle cost (LCC) of moment-resisting concrete frames is presented. Increasing seismic safety of structures and reducing human casualties can play an important role in determining the optimal design. Costs incurred for structures are added to the costs of construction, including the costs of reconstruction, financial losses due to the time spent on reconstruction, interruption in building functionality, the value of people's life or disability, and content loss are a major part of the future costs. In this research, fifty years of useful life of structures from the beginning of the construction is considered as the life cycle. These costs should be considered as factors of calculating indirect costs of a structure. The results of this work represent the life cycle cost of a 4 story, 7 story, and 10 story moment-resisting concrete frame by details. This methodology is developed based on the economic conditions of Iran in 2016 and for the case of Tehran city.

• 한국자동차공학회논문집
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.31-36
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• 2010

Collecting all failures during life cycle of vehicle is not easy way because its life cycle is normally over 10 years. Warranty period can help gathering failures data because most customers try to repair its failures during warranty period even though small failures. This warranty data, which means failures during warranty period, can be a good resource to predict initial reliability and permanence reliability. However uncertainty regarding reliability prediction remains because this data is censored. University of Wuppertal and major auto supplier developed the reliability prognosis model considering censored data and this model introduce to predict reliability estimate further "failure candidate". This paper predicts reliability of telecommunications system in vehicle using the model and describes data structure for reliability prediction.

• 대한안전경영과학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한안전경영과학회 2004년도 추계학술대회
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• pp.39-46
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• 2004

As environmental damage increase by a highly developed material civilization of today, many companies take a growing immensely interest in the influence of environment for beginning a new paradigm year by year. The previous assessments dose not run the gamut of industry but is confined within a certain facility or an area. Industrial processes and operations can not be accomplished independently but are connected with each others through suppliers and customer, and these ideas are fundamental notions of Life Cycle Assessment(LCA). This paper will introduce Life Cycle Assessment(LCA) n environment which is rising, and would like to build environmental management system using approach of Quality Function Development(QFD) and Safety Function Development(SFD) belonging to the assessment method.

• 한국철도학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국철도학회 2008년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.1195-1203
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• 2008

In this study it is researched to the hazard analysis phase which is the core phase of the safety life cycle carried out by various systems in Korea. At present diverse methods are utilized when the hazard analysis is performed. With the basis of these V&V activities are carried out. In this study using FMEA which is one of the representative methods of the hazard analysis, the effective and viable result is derived. Also, it establishes the systematic base of the further phases of the safety life cycle such as the Hazard log, V&V, and the safety case.

• 한국철도학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국철도학회 2011년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.167-172
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• 2011

Generally, the analysis of railroad wear data is most effective method for the efficient railway maintenance. The wear of railway track affects loss of rough ride, noise or vibration of train and traveling safety. Moreover as the track is worn away, this promotes destruction of structural mechanism of rail track which can bring about increasing of rail track maintenance cost drastically. For this reason, it is very important and interested research subject to design railway track structure and to analyse train movement mechanism based on systematic analysis of the reasons causing rail wear possible in real field. In this research, for the efficient maintenance, Life Cycle Performance of rail track and maintenance characteristics are computed considering some track components such as track type, contracting type, sleeper type and roadbed type. Time - Wear probabilistic distribution relationship as well as multiple regression analysis based on time, curvature and wear data are computed to predict the service life remainder of railway track and to be adapted to safety assessment.