• East Asian Economic Review
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.3-23
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• 2012

The recent global financial crisis has highlighted the importance of international monetary and financial system reform. The current system is deemed to be no longer adequate to meet the needs of a complex, integrated world economy. With regards to the reform of the international monetary system, there have been various proposals both in demand and supply sides. These include proposals to build a stronger global financial safety net, to diversify the supply of international reserve currency and so on. These proposals face trade-offs between desirability and political feasibility. Given this situation, a practical transition would be to strengthen policy coordination among the major economies and to reform the International Monetary Fund. The success on both fronts depends heavily on global economic governance reform and the role of the G20. Increased status and representation of Asian countries in the G20 give both privileges and responsibilities to Asians. To meet these responsibilities, Asians should put forth greater efforts to develop their intellectual leadership in global economic issues through creating new forum and institutions.

• 해양환경안전학회:학술대회논문집
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• 해양환경안전학회 2008년도 춘계학술발표회
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• pp.91-99
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• 2008

This paper compares the maritime education of two traditionally maritime countries, Korea and the Philippines, specifically, in their maritime transportation education. The subjects of this review focus on Mokpo National Maritime University (MMU) and the Philippine Merchant Marine Academy (PMMA). The paper presents the curricular and training programs of both institutions and shows the differences in the curriculum designs and methodology of delivery as contained in the requirements of Standards of Training, Certification and Watchkeeping 1978, as amended in 1995 (STCW 95). It also illustrates the social climate of the two countries and the attitude of maritime community in relation with the maritime programs offered by the institutions towards the quality of the fresh maritime graduates.

• 산업융합연구
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• 제20권11호
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• pp.149-155
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• 2022

본 연구는 종합병원과 요양병원 간호사의 환자 안전 문화 인식의 정도를 비교하기 위하여 수행한 서술적 조사연구이다. 연구대상자는 3개 시에 위치한 종합병원 2곳과 요양병원 4곳에서 6개월 이상 근무 중인 일반간호사 150명이었으며, 자료는 2021년 10월부터 12월까지 수집되었다. 환자 안전 문화는 이순교가 개발한 환자 안전 문화 측정 도구를 사용하였다. 자료는 교차분석, 이원배치 분산분석과 t-test를 SPSS 20.0 프로그램을 이용하여 분석하였다. 연구 결과 간호사의 연령(F=44.17, p= .000), 총 임상 경력(F=62.86, p=.000), 현 근무부서 임상 경력(F=26.27, p=.000)이 많을수록 환자 안전 문화 인식이 높았으며, 요양병원 간호사의 환자 안전 문화 인식 하위영역 중 리더십(t=2.07, p=.040)과 환자 안전 우선순위(t=2.18, p=.031) 영역이 종합병원 간호사에 비해 높은 것으로 확인되었다. 연구 결과를 바탕으로 병원 및 요양병원에서 환자 안전 문화 수준을 높이기 위한 프로그램 개발이 활발히 이루어지기를 기대한다.

• 문화기술의 융합
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.43-53
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• 2020

이 연구에서 우리는 아파트 세대 내에 화재발생 시 대피요령에 따른 화재의 불안요인을 낮추며 관리사무소의 관리역량이 안전의식 및 화재대응에 미치는 영향력에 대한 조절효과를 분석하였다. 연구결과는 첫째, 아파트 거주자의 안전의식 및 관리주체의 인식이 화재대응성과에 정(+)의 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 이는 아파트 거주자의 안전의식 및 관리주체의 인식수준이 높을수록 화재대응성과도 높아짐을 알 수 있다. 둘째, 관리사무소의 관리역량 수준이 높을수록 안전의식 및 관리주체의 인식이 화재대응성과에 정(+)의 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 결과는 관리사무소장의 리더십이 높을수록 아파트 거주자의 주거만족도도 높은 경향을 보이고 거주자와의 소통하는 자세가 높을수록 화재대응성과에도 긍정적인 영향이 있음을 의미한다. 마지막으로, 관리사무소 관리역량은 아파트거주자의 안전의식 및 관리주체의 인식수준이 화재대응성과에 미치는 영향을 조절하는 효과가 있는 것으로 분석되었다. 이러한 결과는 모형의 R² 값의 변화량이 1단계보다 2단계가 증가하였고 3단계에서는 조절변수의 상호작용 항을 추가함에 따라 단계적으로 증가하였다. 따라서 조절변수인 관리사무소 관리역량은 아파트거주자의 안전의식 및 관리주체의 인식수준이 화재대응성과에 미치는 영향을 조절하는 효과가 있는 것으로 분석되었다.

• 한국의료질향상학회지
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.14-34
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• 2013

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to provide comprehensive information of qualification systems of developed countries needed to establish our national system for QI(Quality improvement) specialists. Methods: All articles related to any applicable domestic or foreign countries' laws, operational status, and detailed programs for professional qualification system of QI were reviewed. Result: In the United States, a non-profit organization, Healthcare Quality Certification Commission (HQCC) has set the policies, procedures and standards in the field of health care quality. And qualification system of CPHQ (certified professional in healthcare quality) has been operated in order to authenticate the qualifications in the field of quality management. IBQH(international Board for quality in healthcare), a qualification system of experts in the United Kingdom, was designed to assist the qualification of professionals to improve the quality of healthcare. In addition, Health Research Center of Feinberg School of Medicine in Northwestern University has been operating Master's and doctoral degree programs in the field of the quality of care and patient safety and IHI (institute for healthcare improvement) open school was operating a professional training course related to the quality of care and patient safety. Conclusion: Quantity and complexity of information of the quality of care and patient safety have been increased. For reform of the health care system, a special training course of the expertise and leadership are needed. So far, there is no national professional certification courses in our nation. Therefore essential job skill should be acquired individually. For systematic and effective quality improvement activities, the educational and certification system with professional development model are needed.

• 산경연구논집
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• 제8권6호
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• pp.61-73
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• 2017

Purpose - Aviation control, navigation, and aircraft control in the air transportation area are very specialized. Each part is in progress for safety, efficiency, automation, and further. On the other hand co-work among each part including knowledge sharing has been inattentive for many reasons. The purpose of this research is to show how practicians and professionals in the air transportation area perceive the issue of knowledge sharing and to recall the necessity of knowledge sharing in the area. And we try to find ways to activate the knowledge sharing in the area. Research design, data, methodology - For the research, we inquired into whether practicians and professionals think knowledge sharing can effect safe aviation positively or not and what steps are necessary to activate knowledge sharing in the area. We adopted survey method using questionnaires for current practicians and interview for specialists. The survey and interview results were analyzed using regression analysis and AHP method. The interview for specialists and analyzing the results using AHP was to investigate what are the precedence factors to activate the knowledge sharing. Results - First, practicians perceive that knowledge sharing will affect aviation safe positively. Second objective knowledges such as, tower air traffic control procedure of aviation control area, flight principle and structure of aircraft control area, instrument landing system of navigation area, for knowledge sharing of each area were identified. Also the precedence factors such as, knowledge absorbability of personal factor, personal expectation of result of expectation factor, leadership of management of Structure factor, method of knowledge spread of application factor for knowledge sharing were found. Conclusions - Knowledge sharing for practicians and professionals in the aviation area is very important especially from the perspective of safety. However, for various many reasons including the environment of each special area that focusing on their own area, knowledge sharing has not been emphasized. We found that practicians in the area feel that knowledge sharing is necessary and helpful. For it, each practician's active participation is the most important and many ways such as chatting room to share knowledge are to be developed. And the organization culture should be changed to encourage knowledge sharing.

• 한국의료질향상학회지
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.12-31
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• 2015

Objectives : The purpose of this study was to develop the qualification system for training of Quality improvement professionals who work for improving patients' safety and healthcare quality. Methods : Based on the various laws and regulations, and the operational status of other professionals' qualification systems, a basic plan of professional qualification system of QI was drawn. And through meetings with QI experts, the final scheme of the concrete qualification system was developed. Results : For management of professionals's certification or qualification, fairness and reliability are important. To do this, setting the official standard, providing a standardized training program and having appropriate qualification test are required. In order to operate the qualification system strategically, 1) the introduction step, 2) dissemination and expansion step, and 3) fusing step should be considered. As a governing body for QI specialists' qualification, 'QI professionals' qualification Center (tentative)' must have the committee to assure fairness, professionalism, and reliability. In addition, 'QI Experts Certification Department (tentative)" to develop standards for the qualification tests and conduct the tests program,' QI experts Education Department (tentative name)" must be able to operate and maintain the QI training for professional qualifications. QI professional qualification exam must be taken by everyone regardless of age, gender, race, occupation, education, and work experience. The examination should include management, leadership, strategic planning and design, quality management, health care information, patient safety culture. Practical training courses can have three step programs; beginning, intermediate and special level. Conclusion : The QI qualification system need strategic approaches for the experts working for healthcare quality improvement and patient safety. It should include the program of standardized contents and test, and operating protocol of the qualificaton system.

• Safety and Health at Work
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• 제5권3호
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• pp.131-135
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• 2014

Background: Cassava and corn milling is a growing small-scale enterprise in Africa. We aimed to determine the incidence of hand-arm musculoskeletal complaints among vibration-exposed Congolese cassava and corn millers in the previous 12 months. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted, prior to a follow-up study, from March to May 2013 among cassava/corn millers in Lubumbashi, Democratic Republic of Congo, in which 365 millers age-matched to 365 civil workers anonymously answered a questionnaire. Results: Overall incidence of hand-arm musculoskeletal complaints was 25.8% in millers (vs. 5.2% in civil workers; p < 0.001). The risk of experiencing musculoskeletal symptoms was seven times higher in millers [vs. civil workers; odds ratio (OR) = 7.10; 95% confidence interval (CI): 4.03-12.50; p < 0.0001]; 2.4 times higher in smoking millers (vs. smoking civil office workers; OR = 2.36; 95% CI: 1.42-3.88; p < 0.001); 3.6 times higher in millers with longer daily exposure (> 8 hours; vs. those working ${\leq}8$ hours; OR = 3.56; 95% CI: 1.93-3.61; p = 0.026); and 7.4 times higher in young millers (vs. older millers, OR = 7.39; 95% CI: 1.29-75.52; p < 0.001). Smoking, number of cigarettes, and daily exposure duration were positively correlated with musculoskeletal complaints. Conclusion: This study revealed a relatively high incidence of musculoskeletal complaints among African cassava and corn millers. The use of anti-vibration protective equipment and the regulation of this hazardous occupation may reduce the burden of musculoskeletal disorders in millers.

• Safety and Health at Work
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.19-28
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• 2017

Background: Conservation of resources theory assumes loss of resources as a cause of job strain. In hospital work, conflicts with supervisors are tested to predict lower resources, that is, supervisory social support, participation possibilities, and appreciation. All three resources are expected to predict, in turn, experienced stress (job strain) and lower job satisfaction, lower affective commitment, and a higher resigned attitude towards the job (job attitudes). Methods: The sample included 1,073 employees from 14 Swiss hospitals (n = 604 nurses, n = 81 physicians, n = 135 medical therapists, and n = 253 technical and administrative staff). Of the total sample, 83.1% were female and 38.9% worked full-time. The median tenure was between 7 years and 10 years. Constructs were assessed by online questionnaires. Structural equation modeling was used to test mediation. Results: Structural equation modeling confirmed the negative association of conflict with supervisors and job resources. Tests of indirect paths to resources as a link between conflicts with supervisors and job attitudes were significant. For nurses, social support, participation and appreciation showed a significant indirect path, while among medical technicians the indirect paths included social support and appreciation, and among physicians only appreciation showed a significant indirect path. In medical therapists no indirect path was significant. Job resources did not mediate the link between conflict with supervisors and stress in any occupational group. Conclusion: Conflicts with supervisors are likely to reduce job resources and in turn to lower job attitudes. Work design in hospitals should, therefore, address interpersonal working conditions and conflict management in leadership development.

• Safety and Health at Work
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.29-35
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• 2017

Background: Despite our knowledge of the causes of cancer, millions of workers are involuntarily exposed to a wide range of known and suspected carcinogens in the workplace. To address this issue from a policy perspective, we developed a policy framework based on a prospective health policy analysis. Use of the framework was demonstrated for developing policies to prevent cancers associated with diesel engine exhaust (DEE), asbestos, and shift work, three occupational carcinogens with global reach and large cancer impact. Methods: An environmental scan of existing prospective health policy analyses was conducted to select and describe our framework parameters. These parameters were augmented by considerations unique to occupational cancer. Policy-related resources, predominantly from Canada, were used to demonstrate how the framework can be applied to cancers associated with DEE, asbestos, and shift work. Results: The parameters of the framework were: problem statement, context, jurisdictional evidence, primary prevention policy options, and key policy players and their attributes. Applying the framework to the three selected carcinogens illustrated multiple avenues for primary prevention, including establishing an occupational exposure limit for DEE, banning asbestos, and improving shift schedules. The framework emphasized the need for leadership by employers and government. Conclusion: To our knowledge, this is the first proposal for a comprehensive policy framework dedicated to the primary prevention of occupational cancer. The framework can be adapted and applied by key policy players in Canada and other countries as a guide of what parameters to consider when developing policies to protect workers' health.