• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• 제32권4호
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• pp.37-45
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• 2015

Objectives : The main aim of this study is to evaluate changes in the microbiological safety of pharmacopuncture exposed to room temperature for an elapsed period of time. Methods : The four most frequently used pharmacopuncture products were stored in syringes at room temperature at three different hospitals for 24 hours and 48 hours respectively, and they were compared with pharmacopuncture products stored in vials through a sterility and microbial limited test. Results : Storage forms and duration of exposure to room temperature did not show significant difference in bacterial or fungal contamination, which was confirmed by the sterility and microbial limited test. Conclusions : Pharmacopuncture products stored in syringes at room temperature for 24 hours and 48 hours demonstrated their safety in terms of lack of microbiological contamination.

• 터널과지하공간
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.279-288
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• 2001

절리가 발달한 암반의 거동평가를 위한 해석적 방법은 연속체 모델과 불연속체 모델을 사용하는 방법으로 대별할 수 있으며, 연속체 모델을 사용할 경우에는 유한요소법이나 유한차분법을 이용하는 방법이 주로 사용되고 있다. 불연속체 모델은 개별 블록들의 움직임을 일일이 계산하므로 매우 매력적인 방법이지만 현재의 지반조사 기술수준으로는 지반내의 발달된 절리를 개별적으로 정확히 파악하기가 매우 어려우며, 컴퓨터의 계산용량이 너무 과다해지는 단점이 있다. 더욱이 2조 이상의 주절리군을 갖는 절리암반의 경우, 개별 블록의 거동을 모델링하는 것은 불가능하다. 따라서, 불연속편을 포함한 암반을 연속체로 가정한 편재절리 모델(ubiquitous joint model)을 이용한 연구가 요구된다. 터널의 경우에는 사면의 경우와는 달리 파괴면의 형상을 사전에 가정하기 어렵기 때문에 한계평형법에 기초한 해석법등을 적용하여 안전율을 구하기가 곤란하다. 이러한 이유에서 터널을 대상으로 한 수치해석은 안전율을 구하기보다는 안정성을 평가하는 데만 제한적으로 사용되어 왔다. 본 논문에서는 2조의 절리군을 고려할 수 있는 편재절리모델을 이용하여 절리암반터널의 거동이 평가되었고, 수치해석에 의해 터널의 안전율을 구하는 방법이 제시되었다. 이를 위해, 강도감소기법이 사용되었다.

• 한국지반공학회논문집
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• 제40권3호
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• pp.101-108
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• 2024

터널 공사중 발생 가능한 쐐기블록(Key block)을 막장관찰 중 인지하여 전방으로 형성되는 쐐기블록을 예상하고, 안전율을 확인할 수 있는 시스템을 개발하였다. 막장관찰시, 레이저 스캐너를 이용하여 암반면의 3차원 점군을 수집하고, 이를 근거로 굴착면을 형상화한 후, 암반 절리면을 도출한다. 절리면은 주향과 경사각을 가지고 있으므로, 절리면들의 조합을 통해 형성되는 쐐기블록을 반복 계산을 통해 도출하고, 각 쐐기블록의 안전율을 계산한다. 모형실험을 통해 시스템의 절리면 특성 산출의 정확성을 확인하였고, 절리면 정보를 입력하여 계산되는 기존 상용 소프트웨어의 결과값과 비교하여 개발 프로그램이 오차 1%이내로 계산 결과를 얻을 수 있음을 확인하였다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제33권12호
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• pp.2008-2020
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• 2020

Objective: This study was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary corn resistant starch (RS) on the intestinal morphology and barrier functions of broilers. Methods: A total of 320 one-day-old broilers were randomly allocated to 5 dietary treatments: one normal corn-soybean (NC) diet, one corn-soybean-based diet supplementation with 20% corn starch (CS), and 3 corn-soybean-based diets supplementation with 4%, 8%, and 12% corn resistant starch (RS) (identified as 4% RS, 8% RS, and 12% RS, respectively). Each group had eight replicates with eight broilers per replicate. After 21 days feeding, one bird with a body weight (BW) close to the average BW of their replicate was selected and slaughtered. The samples of duodenum, jejunum, ileum, caecum digesta, and blood were collected. Results: Birds fed 4% RS, 8% RS and 12% RS diets showed lower feed intake, BW gain, jejunal villus height (VH), duodenal crypt depth (CD), jejunal VH/CD ratio, duodenal goblet cell density as well as mucin1 mRNA expressions compared to the NC group, but showed higher concentrations of cecal acetic acid and butyric acid, percentage of jejunal proliferating cell nuclear antigen-positive cells and delta like canonical Notch ligand 4 (Dll4), and hes family bHLH transcription factor 1 mRNA expressions. However, there were no differences on the plasma diamine oxidase activity and D-lactic acid concentration among all groups. Conclusion: These findings suggested that RS could suppress intestinal morphology and barrier functions by activating Notch pathway and inhibiting the development of goblet cells, resulting in decreased mucins and tight junction mRNA expression.

• Journal of Welding and Joining
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.215-220
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• 2001

In the T-joint welding, the complete penetration joint which is obtained by groove welding with edge preparation is generally required thor the safety and reliability of structures but this way have the some defects such as increase of working time, consumed welding electrode quantity and large welding deformation. If there is no probrem, in the strength, T-joint welding without edge preparation will be profitably understood in the economical and welding deformation side. In this paper, we performed the finite element analysis to understand the characteristics of welding residual stresses on two models, complete penetration joint have the edge preparation and incomplete penetration joint without edge preparation, respectively. Especially, we observed the relation between welding residual stress distributed on the notch of gap in the root and external force in the incomplete penetration joint without edge preparation.

• 근관절건강학회지
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.180-188
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• 2013

Purpose: This study aims to explore the effect of physical, emotional and environmental status on safety consciousness of the elderly who live alone. Methods: A total of 228 participants were the elderly living alone aged 65 years and older. Three questionnaires were developed to measure safety consciousness, physical status, and environmental status by researchers. Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) was used to evaluate emotional status of the elderly. Data were analyzed by t-test, ANOVA, Pearson's correlation coefficients, and stepwise multiple regression. Results: Average scores of participants were $3.71{\pm}1.49$ (range 0~6) for physical status, $8.28{\pm}3.38$ (range 0~15) for environmental status, $7.21{\pm}3.40$ (range 0~15) for GDS and $17.00{\pm}6.54$ (range 0~37) for safety consciousness. Safety consciousness was significantly associated with education, marital status, drinking, and depression as emotional status. These variables explained 13.6% of the variance in safety consciousness. Conclusion: The levels of safety consciousness among the elderly living alone were low. Education, marital status, drinking, and depression were the factors affecting safety consciousness. Risk assessment and management of these factors are needed to increase safety consciousness of the elderly.

• 산업경영시스템학회지
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• 제41권4호
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• pp.213-219
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• 2018

Mechanical components are to be produced with accurate dimensions in order to function properly in assemblies of a machine. Once designs of mechanical components are created, designers examine the designs by adopting many known experimental methods. A primary test method includes stress and strain evaluation of structural parts. In addition, fatigue test and vibration analysis are an important test method for mechanical components. Real experiments at a laboratory are established when products are manufactured. Since design changes should be done before producing the designs in factories, rapid modifications for new designs are required in production industries. FEM simulation is a proper choice for a design evaluation with speed at a detail stage in design process. This research focuses modeling and mechanical simulation of a mechanical component in order to ensure structural safety. In this paper, a universal joint, being used in driving axels of vehicles, is studied as a target component. A design model is created and tested in some ways by using commercial software of FEM. The designed component is being twisted to transmit heavy power and thus, torsional stress should be under strengths of the component's material. The next is fatigue analysis to convince fatigue cycles to be within the endurance limit of the material. Another test is a vibration analysis for rotational components. This research draws final conclusions from these test analyses and recommends whether the designed model is under safety condition in terms of mechanical structure.

• 오토저널
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• 제9권4호
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• pp.61-68
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• 1987

The Bellows Joint which was used as a absorber or safety equipment to prevent the deformation or fracture of a structure, have been analyzed by the F.E.M using axi-symmetric conical frustum element. Using the F.E.M the general behavior of Bellows Joint corrugation can be investigated easily, and the stability of the analysis be guaranteed. In annular type corrugation, the F.E.M results were agreed with those of other theoretical analyses, but in the U type corrugation, the F.E.M results were more acceptable than those of others.

• 근관절건강학회지
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• 제30권2호
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• pp.93-102
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• 2023

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the influence of safety control, nursing professionalism, and burnout on patient safety management activities of operating room nurses. Methods: Data were collected from August 10 to September 26, 2022 from 154 operating nurses who consented to participate and have worked for more than six months in hospitals with 300 or more beds in the Seoul-Incheon area. The data were analyzed using the SPSS/WIN 26.0 program. Results: The main factors affecting patient safety management activities were safety control (β=.36, p<.001) and nursing professionalism (β=.15, p=.046). The regression model was statistically significant (F=13.49, p<.001), with explanatory power of approximately 28.6%. Conclusion: Based on these results, the aforementioned activities can be promoted by preparing and providing an operating room safety management program that can improve safety control and establish proper nursing professionalism.

• Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology
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• 제15권12호
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• pp.1639-1646
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• 2001

It is often necessary that the joints characteristics should be determined in the early stage of the vehicle body design. The researches on identification of joints in a vehicle body have been performed until the recent year. In this study, the joint characteristics of vehicle structure were expressed as the condensed matrix forms from the full joint stiffness matrix. The condensed joint stiffness matrix was applied to typical T-type and Edge-type joints, and the usefulness was confirmed. In addition, it was applied to the real center pillar model and the full vehicle body in order to validate the practical application.