• 근관절건강학회지
• /
• 제30권3호
• /
• pp.218-229
• /
• 2023

Purpose: This study aimed to assess and compare the effectiveness of various fall prevention interventions in hospitals through a network meta-analysis. Methods: A network meta-analysis was conducted using the "netmeta" package in R software (v4.1), employing a frequency method. Odds ratios of fall rates and injurious fall rates were utilized to confirm the effects of interventions for fall prevention. Comparative rankings of these interventions were determined using cumulative probability (P-score). Results: Comparative rankings via cumulative probability (P-scores) revealed individualized education as the most effective intervention for fall incidence (P-Score 87.8%). Followed by fall-preventing sensors (60.9%), multicomponent interventions (47.4%), usual care (33.2%), and environmental modification (20.7%). For fall-related injuries, individualized education ranked highest (P-Score 97.1%), followed by multicomponent interventions (76.0%), usual care (47.6%), environmental modification (24.2%), and fall-preventing sensors (5.1%). Conclusion: This study provides valuable insights into the relative effectiveness of diverse interventions in preventing fall incidence through network meta-analysis. The findings aim to support nurses in making informed decisions when implementing fall prevention strategies in clinical practice.

• 한국도로학회논문집
• /
• 제18권5호
• /
• pp.63-73
• /
• 2016

PURPOSES : The objective of this study was to analyze variations in the vehicle driving behavior characteristics on signalized intersections according to the use of traffic enforcement camera (red light camera). METHODS : In order to analyze the driving behavior characteristics on signalized intersections when red light camera are installed, the target sites for investigation were selected depending on whether the red light camera is installed and accident rates increased after the installation. In particular, to analyze the characteristics of dilemma zones in signalized intersections, approach speed and deceleration speed of 3 type vehicles (passing vehicles during a yellow light, stopping at a yellow light, passing vehicles during a green light) were examined. Based on these data, the starting point, ending point, and distance of the dilemma zones were calculated. Also, the locations of increased traffic accidents and decreased accidents after the installation of the equipment were distinguished when analyzing the traffic accident characteristics. RESULTS : Analysis results revealed that there was a tendency for the dilemma zone distance to decrease after the installation of equipment(red light camera) in most sites. This tendency was found to be due to the decrease in the approaching speed of vehicles at intersections after the installation of equipment, resulting in the starting and ending points of dilemma zone to become closer to the stop line. Moreover, analysis showed that the number of traffic accidents decreased for most intersections after the installation of equipment and safety of the intersections increased somewhat. CONCLUSIONS : In general, installation of equipment(red light camera) caused the intersections approaching speed and dilemma zone distance to decrease. Decision-making is difficult for drivers in the dilemma zone, so the decrease in the dilemma zone distance implies an improvement in traffic safety. Furthermore, the number of accidents within intersections significantly decreased after the equipment was installed, leading to the conclusion that installation of the equipment affected the decrease in traffic accidents.

• 한국터널지하공간학회 논문집
• /
• 제20권6호
• /
• pp.931-946
• /
• 2018

도심지에서의 공동구의 활용성 증가에 따라 쉴드 TBM 공법이 적용된 터널식 공동구의 시공 및 연구개발이 활발히 진행되고 있다. 터널식 공동구는 지하굴착 공사로써 건설안전에 상대적으로 취약하지만, 건설업 재해율 감소를 위한 설계안전성 검토 제도 도입에도 불구하고 터널식 공동구 건설에 적합한 위험요소가 제대로 알려져 있지 않다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 터널식 공동구에 적합한 안전 위험요소를 발굴하고 이중에서 중점으로 관리되어야 할 핵심 안전 위험요소를 도출하였다. 도출된 핵심 안전 위험요소는 매트릭스 기법을 적용하여 위험성 평가를 실시함으로써 공동구 계획, 설계 및 시공 단계의 위험성 평가 및 주요 참고 자료로 사용될 수 있도록 하였다.

• 정보과학회 컴퓨팅의 실제 논문지
• /
• 제22권11호
• /
• pp.576-582
• /
• 2016

오늘날 IT산업의 눈부신 발전으로 개인 스마트폰을 1개 이상을 소유하고 보유 비율이 급격히 증가하고 있다. 이 때문에 최근 스마트폰으로 인한 보행자 사고가 잇따라 늘어나고 있는 추세이다. 이 문제를 해결하기 위하여 본 논문에서는 근거리 통신 기술인 블루투스 4.0 BLE 기반의 비콘을 이용하여 서버와의 통신이 필요한 감지방법과 신호등의 전류를 이용하는 감지방법 등 두 가지 개발 방법을 통해 신호등 시스템의 통신 상황에 따라 서버와의 통신이 불가능할 때 홀센서를 이용한 감지를 수행하고 그렇지 않을 때는 조도센서를 활용하여 신호감지시스템을 구현하고자 한다. 블루투스 신호를 이용하여 신호등의 신호정보를 파악하여 해당 스마트폰을 인지하고 스마트폰에 신호등 현황을 보행자가 접근 시 스마트폰 사용자에게 디스플레이 함으로써 보행자 사고를 줄이기 위한 방안을 제시하고 향후 개선 방향을 제안하고자 한다. 스마트폰 시대가 오기 전에는 휴대폰 사용으로 인한 보행 중 사고의 빈도가 굉장히 낮았다. 이제 우리에게 편의를 제공해주는 IT기기들로 인하여 생명의 위협을 받는 상황에 처하고 있다. 거리에서 스마트폰사용을 국가적 차원에서 차단할 수 없다면 이에 맞춰 보행자에게 간접적으로 상황을 알려주도록 하고, 사건 사고의 위험률을 줄이는 것이 본 논문의 제안 목적이다.

• 한국원자력학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국원자력학회 1997년도 추계학술발표회논문집(1)
• /
• pp.772-777
• /
• 1997

Previous MELCOR and SCDAP/RELAP5 nodalizations for simulating the counter-current, natural circulation behavior of vapor flow within the RCS hot legs and SG U-tubes when core damage progress can not be applied to the steady state and water-filled conditions during the initial period of accident progression because of the artificially high loss coefficients in the hot legs and SG U-tubes which were chosen from results of COMMIX calculation and the Westinghouse natural circulation experiments in a 1/7-scale facility for simulating steam natural circulation behavior in the vessel and in the hot leg and SG during the TMLB' scenrio. The objective of this study is to develop a natural circulation modeling which can be used both for the liquid flow condition at steady state and for the vapor flow condition at the later period of in-vessel core damage. For this, the drag forces resulting from the momentum exchange effects between the two vapor streams in the hot leg was modeled as a pressure drop by pump model. This hot leg natural circulation modeling of MELCOR was able to reproduce similar mass flow rates with those predicted by previous models.

• 한국환경보건학회지
• /
• 제41권1호
• /
• pp.1-10
• /
• 2015

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to propose an indirect exposure assessment method using a questionnaire survey at a time when direct exposure assessment would be impossible after a chemical accident. Methods: About two weeks after an accident, a questionnaire survey was performed with 1,264 persons from the local community. Variables related to exposure were extracted from the survey contents, weighted and then graded for comparison with subjective symptoms in order to evaluate the extent of exposure. Survey items suitable for reflecting the previous exposure level during the accident were extracted, weighted and divided into quartile ranges. Subjective symptoms showed an increasing tendency with higher exposure level when compared with final exposure level (p<0.01). Results: For the relationship between the final exposure grade and subjective symptoms, as the exposure grade was increasing the rates complaining of symptom also showed an increasing tendency. However, when adjusted for demographic characteristics, there was a tendency for the eye irritation symptom to appear higher in women, and respiratory organ irritation appeared higher in smokers. Conclusions: When the problem of recall bias is considered, this study may not have completely unraveled exposure and the characteristics of the participants can affect subjective symptoms. Nevertheless, the exposure rating method of using a questionnaire showed a significant relationship with symptom level. It can be deemed that assessment of past exposure may be successfully evaluated by questionnaire in cases such as chemical accidents.

• 한국ITS학회 논문지
• /
• 제22권5호
• /
• pp.53-73
• /
• 2023

교통사고로 인한 인체 상해를 최소화할 수 있는 안전벨트의 착용이 전 좌석에서 의무임에도 불구하고, 안전벨트를 착용하지 않은 교통사고 사상자수는 여전히 많은 비율을 차지한다. 주행차량 내 전 좌석 안전벨트 착용 검지시스템은 탑승자의 안전벨트 착용 여부를 판단하고 착용을 유도하는 시스템으로 안전벨트 미착용 사상자수 감소를 위한 유용한 기술적 대응방안이 될 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 첫 번째로 순서형프로빗 모형을 활용한 교통사고 상해심각도 영향요인 평가를 통해 시스템 도입에 대한 타당성을 제시하였다. 분석결과, 안전벨트 착용 여부는 교통사고 상해심각도에 통계적으로 유의한 영향을 미치며 안전벨트 착용 시 사망 및 치명상에 이를 확률이 0.054배 감소하는 것으로 나타났다. 두 번째로 안전벨트 및 교통사고 상해와 관련된 선행연구를 기반으로 메타분석을 수행하여 시스템 도입 시 기대되는 사고심각도 감소효과를 추정하였다. 사고심각도 감소효과 분석결과, 안전벨트 착용 시 사망사고가 63.3% 감소할 것으로 분석되었으며 앞좌석은 75.7%, 뒷좌석은 58.1%의 사망사고 감소효과를 갖는 것으로 나타났다. 마지막으로 메타분석 결과와 교통사고 통계자료를 기반으로 시스템 도입 시 기대되는 교통사고 사상자수 감소효과를 도출하여 시스템의 교통안전 측면 효과를 분석하였다. 시스템 도입률이 증가함에 따라 안전벨트 미착용 교통사고 사상자수가 감소하였으며 시스템 도입률이 60%일 경우 사망자수는 현재 대비 3배 이상 감소할 것으로 예상되었다. 분석결과를 활용하여 안전벨트 착용률을 높이고 사고심각도를 저감시킬 수 있는 시스템 운영 방안을 제시하였다.

• 가정과삶의질연구
• /
• 제23권2호
• /
• pp.11-22
• /
• 2005

The purpose of this study is 1) to clarify that the house is no long the safe place through the cases of the senior safety accidents and to argue the need for housing repair and 2) to present the minimum standards for housing repair by comparing the cases here as well as the abroad and to back up the standards with the current senior housing environment 300 people at least 60 years old living in Seoul$\cdot$Metropolitan area were interviewed using the structured questionnaire. As the result, the following conclusions were made: 1. There was high accident rates of the senior residents due to physical deficits within the house, causing excessive medical cost and decreased housing satisfaction. This problem can be sufficiently prevented by housing repair which can not only solve the safety problem but also support self sufficient living for the senior residents. 2. Proper housing repair required the architectural know how as well as the expertise knowledge of the physical characteristics of the senior people. Therefore, it is essential to secure the professional (i.e., occupational therapist) who can analyze the needs of the senior residents and evaluate and/or predict the obstacles during repair. Furthermore, development and distribution of the standardized manual are also needed. 3. The minimum standard for housing repair could be approached in view of 'barrier-free' concept. First, the bumps should be removed, slippery prevented, and safety grab-bar installed for safety. Second, the entrance should be widened and the bathroom and kitchen restructured to support for the senior residents' self sufficiency. To make housing repair policy more efficient, the legal basis is required. It can be incorporated into the existing senior citizens 'Welfare Act' or the 'Senior Residents Medical Insurance' which will be effective starting in 2007.

• 스마트미디어저널
• /
• 제12권11호
• /
• pp.57-66
• /
• 2023

본 논문에서는 시내버스 내 CCTV 시스템을 활용, 비전AI 기반의 승하차 승객 의도를 예측하여 사고방지가 가능한 시스템에 대해 연구한 내용을 기술한다. 본 시스템은 YOLOv7 Pose 모델과 Object Tracking 기술을 활용하여 버스 내부의 승객을 감지하고 추적하며, LSTM 모델을 활용하여 승객의 승하차 여부를 예측한다. 시스템은 버스 내 CCTV 단말기 상에 설치 가능하여 운전 중 어느 때에나 승하차 여부 예측 결과를 시각적으로 확인할 수 있으며, 운전자에게 자동 알람을 주어 승하차 시 일어날 수 있는 사고를 예방할 수 있다. 테스트 결과, 승객의 승차 의도를 분석하는 채널 A와 하차 의도를 예측하는 채널 C에서 각각 0.81과 0.79의 정확도를 달성하였으며, 실시간성을 보장하기 위해 GPU 환경에서 초당 최소 5 프레임 이상의 분석이 가능하다는 것을 확인하였다. 본 알고리즘을 통해 시내버스 운행 중의 승객 승하차 과정을 모니터링하고, 그 안전과 편의성에 도움을 줄 것으로 생각된다. 추후 하드웨어가 발전하고, DB를 통해 데이터가 많이 수집된다면, 이 또한 다양한 안전 관련 지표로의 확장이 가능할 것이다. 더불어 본 알고리즘은 추후 자율주행 버스 상용화 시, 인간을 대신하여 승객 안전에 더욱 핵심적인 역할을 수행할 것이라 생각되며, 기타 지하철 및 승객이 내리고 탈 수 있는 모든 대중교통 환경에의 확장 또한 가능하여 대중교통의 안전화에 도움을 줄 것으로 생각한다.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
• /
• 제19권4호
• /
• pp.99-108
• /
• 2010

The goal of This study is to predict medical fee by accidents at home and the factors of accidents, and also to suggest the conditions of housing adaptations for elderly people. As the result of in-house accidents, on average 2.97 million Korean won was to be spent for medical care. Furthermore, 2808 billion Korean Won, which was predicted by multiplying the number of older people with the reported accident rates of 2.0% by the National Health and Nutrition Survey 2005, can be estimated to pay on medical care in 2005. And in addition it is analyzed on residential conditions and 65 cases of elderly housing. According to the 65 safety problem cases, it examines that in-house accidents of older people generally happen at the steps, toilet and bathroom. It is necessary to adapt physical conditions and it is more effective. As the result of research, medical fee by accident at home has been increasing and also it could be predicted to spend 280,800million won in 2005. To reduce medical fee, it is necessary to promote physical environment by renovation. When be decided to renovate a housing, we know that it is more effective to use a checklist of space using at home. And also it is suggested to amend a checklist with other factors including physical conditions and health condition and so on to promote a correctness.