• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
• /
• v.9 no.4
• /
• pp.121-130
• /
• 2009

In this paper, feature extraction methods, which is one field of reducing dimensions of high-dimensional data, are empirically investigated. We selected the traditional PCA(Principal Component Analysis), ICA(Independent Component Analysis), NMF(Non-negative Matrix Factorization), and sNMF(Sparse NMF) for comparisons. ICA has a similar feature with the simple cell of V1. NMF implemented a "parts-based representation in the brain" and sNMF is a improved version of NMF. In order to visually investigate the extracted features, handwritten digits are handled. Also, the extracted features are used to train multi-layer perceptrons for recognition test. The characteristic of each feature extraction method will be useful when applying feature extraction methods to many real-world problems.

• The Journal of the Institute of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
• /
• v.12 no.4
• /
• pp.95-102
• /
• 2012

Interactive drama is a story which requires user's free choice and participation. In this study, we grasp user's preference by making training data that utilize characters of interactive drama. Furthermore, we describe process of implementing systems which recommend new users path of stories that correspond with their preference. We used PCA and NMF to extract characteristic of preference. The success rate of recommending was 75% with PCA, while 62.5% with NMF.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 2005.06a
• /
• pp.773-777
• /
• 2005

This article is about using information technology to apply with water loss inspection system in District Metering Area (DMA). Inspector can check Flow rate and Minimum Night Flow; NMF via Smart Phone or PDA include sending SMS Alert in case the Pressure, Flow rate and NMF is over the range of controlling. This will be used as equipment to implement water loss in international proactive and can keep on water loss reduction more efficiency. The system consists of Data Logger which collects data of Flow rate from DMA Master Meter. PC is Wap Server which dial via modem in order to get data through FTP Protocal that will convert text file to Microsoft Access Database. Wappage will use xhtml language to show database on Wapbrowser and can show the result on Smart Phone or PDA by graph and table for system analysis.

• ETRI Journal
• /
• v.32 no.2
• /
• pp.345-347
• /
• 2010

In this letter, we present a new speech hash function based on the non-negative matrix factorization (NMF) of linear prediction coefficients (LPCs). First, linear prediction analysis is applied to the speech to obtain its LPCs, which represent the frequency shaping attributes of the vocal tract. Then, the NMF is performed on the LPCs to capture the speech's local feature, which is then used for hash vector generation. Experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed hash function in terms of discrimination and robustness against various types of content preserving signal processing manipulations.

• ETRI Journal
• /
• v.37 no.4
• /
• pp.780-786
• /
• 2015

This paper describes an audio source separation that is based on nonnegative matrix factorization (NMF) and expectation maximization (EM). For stable and highperformance separation, an effective auxiliary source separation that extracts source residuals and reprojects them onto proper sources is proposed by taking into account an ambiguous region among sources and a source's refinement. Specifically, an additional NMF (model) is designed for the ambiguous region - whose elements are not easily represented by any existing or predefined NMFs of the sources. The residual signal can be extracted by inserting the aforementioned model into the NMF-EM-based audio separation. Then, it is refined by the weighted parameters of the separation and reprojected onto the separated sources. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed scheme (outlined above) is more stable and outperforms existing algorithms by, on average, 4.4 dB in terms of the source distortion ratio.

• Proceedings of the Korean Information Science Society Conference
• /
• 2005.07b
• /
• pp.769-771
• /
• 2005

In this paper we present a method of separating musical instrument sound sources from their monaural mixture, where we take the harmonic structure of music into account and use the sparseness and the overlapping NMF [1] to select representative spectral basis vectors which are used to reconstruct unmixed sound. A method of spectral basis selection is illustrated and experimental results with monaural mixture of voice/cello and trumpet/viola are shown to confirm the validity of our proposed method.

• Journal of KIISE:Software and Applications
• /
• v.35 no.4
• /
• pp.255-264
• /
• 2008

This paper proposes a novel method using K-means and Non-negative matrix factorization (NMF) for topic -based multi-document summarization. NMF decomposes weighted term by sentence matrix into two sparse non-negative matrices: semantic feature matrix and semantic variable matrix. Obtained semantic features are comprehensible intuitively. Weighted similarity between topic and semantic features can prevent meaningless sentences that are similar to a topic from being selected. K-means clustering removes noises from sentences so that biased semantics of documents are not reflected to summaries. Besides, coherence of document summaries can be enhanced by arranging selected sentences in the order of their ranks. The experimental results show that the proposed method achieves better performance than other methods.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
• /
• v.13 no.4
• /
• pp.11-18
• /
• 2008

Document clustering is an important method for document analysis and is used in many different information retrieval applications. This paper proposes a new document clustering model using the re-weighted term based NMF(non-negative matrix factorization) to cluster documents relevant to a user's requirement. The proposed model uses the re-weighted term by using user feedback to reduce the gap between the user's requirement for document classification and the document clusters by means of machine. The Proposed method can improve the quality of document clustering because the re-weighted terms. the semantic feature matrix and the semantic variable matrix, which is used in document clustering, can represent an inherent structure of document set more well. The experimental results demonstrate appling the proposed method to document clustering methods achieves better performance than documents clustering methods.

• Journal of Korean Society of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene
• /
• v.24 no.3
• /
• pp.345-352
• /
• 2014

Objectives: This study is aimed to describe the current situation about urinary biomarker N-methylformamide(NMF) for workers exposed to N,N-dimethylformamide(DMF) according to industrial classification. Materials: Special health examination records of the workers who had undergone urinary biological monitoring in 2013 were collected. The numbers and percentage of workers, whose urinary NMF values were above the limit of detection(LOD) and above the biological exposure index(BEI) were calculated. Health relatedness with DMF as judged by their doctors was also described. All description was classified according to the $9^{th}$ Korean Standard Industrial Classification(KSIC). Results: It appeared that most workers exposed to DMF belong to manufacturing section(80.7%). The geometric mean(GM) values of urinary NMF were 6.25 mg/L, 3.54, and 3.86 for the manufacturing section, professional, scientific and technical activities section, and for the construction section respectively. In detail, it seemed that division of textiles(except apparel) (GM 7.51 mg/L), division of leather, luggage and footwear(11.59 mg/L), and division of rubber and plastic products(6.89 mg/L) were highly exposed to DMF with a high percentage of workers with urinary NMF values above BEI. This was probably due to the effect of skin absorption that the division of leather, luggage and footwear showed the highest urine NMF GM. Conclusions: It seemed that workers in manufacture industries such as textile, leather, luggage, footwear, rubber and plastic products were highly exposed to DMF. So, efforts should be focused on those industries in order to effectively diminish worker's exposure. Further studies to compare DMF air-monitoring with bio-monitoring according to industrial classification should be considered.

• Genomics & Informatics
• /
• v.4 no.1
• /
• pp.33-39
• /
• 2006

Alternative splicing (AS) is an important mechanism of producing transcriptome diversity and microarray techniques are being used increasingly to monitor the splice variants. There exist three types of microarrays interrogating AS events-junction, exon, and tiling arrays. Junction probes have the advantage of monitoring the splice site directly. Johnson et al., performed a genome-wide survey of human alternative pre-mRNA splicing with exon junction microarrays (Science 302:2141-2144, 2003), which monitored splicing at every known exon-exon junctions for more than 10,000 multi-exon human genes in 52 tissues and cell lines. Here, we describe an algorithm to deduce the relative concentration of isoforms from the junction array data. Non-negative Matrix Factorization (NMF) is applied to obtain the transcript structure inferred from the expression data. Then we choose the transcript models consistent with the ECgene model of alternative splicing which is based on mRNA and EST alignment. The probe-transcript matrix is constructed using the NMF-consistent ECgene transcripts, and the isoform abundance is deduced from the non-negative least squares (NNLS) fitting of experimental data. Our method can be easily extended to other types of microarrays with exon or junction probes.