• 한국식품영양과학회지
• /
• 제23권6호
• /
• pp.1032-1037
• /
• 1994

A simple, reproducible , and accurate enzymatic method using a cholesterol assay kit was developed to quantify total cholesterol content in egg yolk. Total egg yolk lipid was extracted with hexane : isopropanol(3 : 2, v/v) mixture. Samples containing various amount of the total lipid(0-3mg) in optically identifical culture tubes were reacted for 10 min in a water bath (37$^{\circ}C$) with the enzyme solution (5ml) from the cholesterol assay kit. Cholesterol content of the reaction mixturesin culture tubes was spectrophotometrically determined by two different ways : (1) using the culture tube as a curvette(designate culture tube method ; CTM) and (2) the quartz cvette containing the reaction mixture transferred from the culture tube (designate standard cvette method, SCM). CTM revealed lower cholesterol content in 0.1-1.0mg lipid sample range that SCM did, but not significant. For more than 2.0mg lipid sample, CTM gave significantly (p<0.01) lower cholesterol content relative to that by SCM, suggesting that SCM give a false positive result from the sample containing more than 2 mg lipid due to the interference of absorbance by lipid dispersed in the reaction solution . Cholesterol content of less than 1.0mg lipid sample by CTM was proportional to the amount of lipid used, but its linear relationship was not seen in more than 2mg lipid sample. Thus, to determine the appropriate lipid amounts (mg) analyzed . A constant level (41$\mu\textrm{g}$/mg) of cholesterol concentration was observed from the sample containing 0.1-1mg lipid. after which the cholesterol level was dropped to less than 41$\mu\textrm{g}$ /mg. Cholesterol concentration in egg yolk samples quantified by CTM was in accordance with that by GC method. These results suggest that CTM is an useful method for the quantification of cholesterol in egg yolk lipid and other lipids as well.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
• /
• 제17권2호
• /
• pp.103-109
• /
• 1988

Cholesterol의 주요한 대사산물인 중성steroids와 담즙산의 배설에 관한 내용은 cholesterol 대사를 이해하는데 있어 중요한 부분이다. 식이지방이 steroids의 배설에 미치는 효과에 대하여 아직 일치된 견해가 없어 본 실험에서는 식이지방의 수준(식이에너지의 15, 30 및 45% 과 P/S 비율(0.5 및 1.0)을 달리한 실험식이를 흰쥐에 4주간 급여하여 분변을 통한 총지질, 중성steroids 및 총담즙산배설에 미치는 영향을 조사하였다. 그 결과는 다음과 같다. 체중증가량, 식이섭취량 및 식이변전율은 cholesterol이 섭취되지 않은 경우나 섭취된 경우 모두 P/S 비율에 관계없이 식이지방의 수준에 유의적인 영향을 받았다. 지질소화율은 cholesterol이 섭취되지 않은 경우나 섭취된 경우 모두 P/S 비율에 관계없이 식이지방의 수준에 비례하여 유의적으로 증가하였다. 분변량, 총지질배설량, 중성steroids배설량과 그 조성 및 총담즙산배설량은 식이지방의 수준이나 P/S 비율에 따른 일관성 있는 영향을 나타내지 않았다. Cholesterol의 섭취는 체중증가량과 식이변전율을 유의적으로 향상시켰으며, 총지질배설량을 유의적으로 감소시켰고, 지질소화율을 증가시키고 경향을 나타내었다. 또한 중성 steroids배설량을 증가시키는 경향을 나타내면서, coprostanol의 조성비율을 감소시켰고 coprostanone의 조성비율을 증가시켰다. 반면에 총담즙산배설량은 감소시켰다.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
• /
• 제2권4호
• /
• pp.127-134
• /
• 1969

Total and esterified cholesterol content was determined in the rat administered animal and vegetable proteins for 16 weeks. The cholesterol biosynthetic activity of the liver was also measured in these rats by the $acetate-C^{14}$ incorporation rate. The results obtained were as follows. (1) Serum total cholesterol content was increased by the administration of animal proteins and decreased by that of vegetable proteins. (2) Liver cholesterol content was increased by animal proteins and decreased by at of vegetable proteins. (3) Cholesterol biosynthetic activity of the liver was increased by the animal proteins and decreased by the vegetable proteins.

• 한국축산식품학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국축산식품학회 2004년도 정기총회 및 제33차 춘계 학술대회
• /
• pp.334-336
• /
• 2004

This study was carried out to investigate the effect of phytosterol ester addition on lowering blood cholesterol in cholesterol-reduced Cheddar cheese, which was manufactured by the mixture of cholesterol-reduced cream and skim milk. After the cholesterol reduction process by ${\beta}$-CD treatment, the cholesterol removal rate was in the range of 91.2 to 92.1%. In animal study, 18% of total blood cholesterol was lowered in 8% phytosterol ester-added Cheddar cheese, which was significantly different from that of control. The present study indicated that phytosterol ester addition showed a profound lowering effect of blood with cholesterol-reduced Cheddar cheese.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
• /
• 제26권5호
• /
• pp.585-592
• /
• 1993

In order to investigate the hypocholesteremic effect of soybean perptides, soybean protein(ISP), casein(CNP), their peptic hydrolyzates fractionated by acid precipitation at different pH's(SHT, SH8, SH6, SH4, CHT, CH5, CH4) and amino acid mixtures of the same composition as the proteins(SAA, CAA) were fed to rats and the concentration of serum cholesterol was measured. Then in vitro digestibility and molecular weight distribution of the peptides by pepticpancreatic hydrolysis was measured by FPLC. The lower the in vitro digestibility of peptides is, the lower the concentration of serum cholesterol becomes(r=0.986) and the higher the ratio of macropeptides is, the lower the concentration of serum cholesterol becomes(r=-0.932) in rats. These results suggest that the in vitro digestibility of peptides has close relationship to the concentration of serum cholesterol in rats and non-digestible meacropeptides or polypeptides especially more than 1 kDa, formed through digestion in gut, may lower the serum cholesterol in rats.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
• /
• 제23권2호
• /
• pp.167-177
• /
• 1990

모성보건관리대책수립을 위한 기초자료를 제공할 목적으로 부산지역에 거주하는 $20{\sim}30$세 사이의 건강한 비임신 여성 167명과 임신부 209명을 대상으로 혈청총코레스테롤 함량과 이에 영향을 미칠 수 있는 생리적 제 인자간의 관련성을 조사한 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 건강여성군과 임신부간에 체중의 증가에 따른 Broca's index의 상승을 제외할 신장, 수축기 및 이완기혈압치에는 큰 차이가 없었다. 2. 건강여성군의 혈청총코레스테롤함량은 165.9 mg/dl, 임신부는 212.6 mg/dl로서 유의한 차이가 있었으나 연령에 따른 차이는 관찰할 수 없었으며 함량별 분포양상은 양자 모두 정규분포형을 나타내었다. 3. 건강여성군에서는 혈청총코레스테롤함량과 체중 및 Broca's index간에 임신부에서는 체중, Broca's index 및 임신기간간에 통계적으로 유의한 상관성이 있었다. 4. 체중별 혈청총코레스테롤함량은 건강여성군은 $162.9{\sim}189.4mg/dl$, 임신부는 $167.2{\sim}246.2mg/dl$로서 체중이 증가됨에 따라 그치도 증가되는 경향이 있었으며 특히 임신부의 경우에 더욱 현저하였다. 5. 임신기간별 혈청총코레스테롤함량은 12주이하군 168.1 mg/dl, $13{\sim}26$주군 209.6 mg/dl, 27주이상군 235.4 mg/dl로서 임신이 진행됨에 따라 그 치도 높아지는 경향이 있었으며 함량별분포양상은 모두 정규분포형을 나타내었다.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
• /
• 제13권4호
• /
• pp.232-239
• /
• 2005

An aqueous extract of oriental herbal composition named Onchengyeum and curcumin, an antioxidant isolated from turmeric (Curcuma Zonga L.) reduced hepatotoxicity induced by carbon tetrachloride ($CCI_4$). Improved liver function was observed by measuring the activities of aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), creatinine (CRE), total cholesterol (T-CHO), triglyceride (TG), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-CHO), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-CHO), total protein (TP), albumin (ALB) and total bilirubin (BIL) in serum. Hepatic parameters monitored were levels of cholesterol (CHO), triglyceride (TG), and malondialdehyde (MDA) and activities of cytochrome P450 (CYP), NADPH-CYP reductase, superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione (GSH), glutathione S-transferase (GST), glutathione reductase (GR), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx). The histopathological examination showed that the treatment of Onchengyeum and curcumin relieved the ballooning degeneration of hepatocytes which had been generated by $CCI_4$. The results suggested that hepatoprotective effects of Onchengyeum and curcumin possibly are due to their promising antioxidative activity.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
• /
• 제14권4호
• /
• pp.207-215
• /
• 2006

Sachungwhan reduced hepatotoxicity induced by carbon tetrachloride($CCl_4$). Improved liver function was observed by measuring the activities of aspartate aminotransferase(AST), alanine aminotransferase(ALT), alkaline phosphatase(ALP), blood urea nitrogen(BUN), creatinine(CRE), total cholesterol(TCHO), triglyceride(TG), low density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-CHO), high density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-CHO), total protein(TP), albumin(ALB) and total bilirubin(BIL) in serum. Hepatic parameters monitored were levels of cholesterol(CHO), triglyceride(TG), malondialdehyde(MDA), content of cytochrome P450(CYP), level of glutathione(GSH), and activities of NADPH-CYP reductase, superoxide dismutase(SOD), catalase(CAT), glutathione S-transferase(GST), glutathione reductase(GR), glutathione peroxidase(GPx). The histopathological examination showed that the treatment of Sachungwhan relieved the ballooning degeneration of hepatocytes which had been generated by $CCl_4$. The results suggested that hepatoprotective effects of Sachungwhan possibly are due to their promising antioxidative activity.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
• /
• 제19권4호
• /
• pp.582-586
• /
• 2006

This experiment was conducted to investigate the dietary effect of garlic powder (GP) and copper (Cu) on laying performances and the cholesterol content and quality characteristics of eggs during storage in laying hens. A total of one hundred and eighty, 50-wk-old, Hy-Line Brown layers were divided into 6 groups with 3 replicates per group (10 layers per replicate) and fed one of six diets containing GP 0%, GP 1%, GP 3%, GP 5%, Cu 200 ppm, or GP 3%-Cu 200 ppm for 5 wks. There were no differences in the laying performances and feed intakes bertween treatments. Eggshell strength, eggshell thickness and yolk color were also not affected by feeding of GP and Cu. With increasing dietary GP, Haugh unit was linearly increased after 2 wk of storage (p<0.05). The levels of serum total cholesterol in hens fed diets containing GP or Cu were lower than that of the control (p<0.05), but high density lipoprotein-cholesterol was not influenced by dietary GP or Cu. The content of egg yolk cholesterol from hens fed diets containing GP or Cu was significantly decreased from that of the control, except for the GP 1% group. Based on the results of this experiment, the decrease of Haugh unit during storage was alleviated by feeding of GP. The feeding of GP or Cu alone and in combination altered the cholesterol fractions in serum and reduced the content of egg yolk cholesterol in laying hens.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
• /
• 제15권1호
• /
• pp.34-39
• /
• 2007

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is an abnormal accumulation of the ${\beta}$-amyloid protein $(A{\beta})$ in specific brain region. It has been speculated that disturbance in cholesterol homeostasis may contribute to the etiology of AD by increasing $A{\beta}$ generation. However, conclusive evidence and possible mechanism has not been reported. In the present study, we demonstrated that rabbits treated with 0.5% cholesterol for 16 weeks increased serum total cholesterol, triacylglycerol, and low-density lipoprotein levels. $A{\beta}$ levels is higher in the hippocampus of brain in cholesterol dieted rabbits than that of normal diet rabbis. Expression and activities of ${\beta}-$ and ${\gamma}-$ secretases, the enzymes that cleave ${\beta}$-amyloid precursor protein to generate $A{\beta}$, were also increased in hippocampus of high cholesterol dieted rabbit than those of normal dieted rabbits. Our results suggest that high cholesterol diet may be associated with increased $A{\beta}$ accumulation in the brain of rabbits, and suggest that high cholesterol diet may be causal factor in the development or progression of AD.