• Journal of International Academy of Physical Therapy Research
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.435-439
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• 2012

This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of the exercise on elderly balance ability by using hippotherapy and therapeutic ball exercise. 10 patients were assigned to the hippotherapy group and they got with 30 minutes of hippotherapy. Another 10 elderly were assigned to the therapeutic ball group and they got with 30 minutes of therapeutic ball exercise. All procedures were repeated 5 times a week for the total of four weeks. To investigate the participants balancing abilities, the Time" Up & Go"(TUG) and One Leg Stand Test(OLST) were evaluated. The results of study were significant differences between pre-test and post-test of TUG and OLST(p<.05), and there were no significant differences between hippotherapy and therapeutic ball exercise(p>.05). The conclusion showed that both the hippotherapy and the therapeutic ball exercises were effective on elderly balancing ability. Consequently, it would be better to practice therapeutic ball than hippotherapy for elderly exercise because the more economical and there is less restriction of space than the hippotherapy.

• Advances in Energy Research
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• v.4 no.3
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• pp.223-237
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• 2016

The excess use of conventional sources of energy by the industries and power sector result in acute shortage of energy produced by fossil fuel. To overcome this energy crisis, biomass feedstock is used to produce syngas or producer gas. For cleaning the dust particle present in the producer gas cyclone separators are largely used. In this paper we investigate the performance parameters of cyclone separator mainly efficiency and pressure drop for different feedstock. Cyclone performance has been evaluated based on experimentation and empirical approach using Leith and Licht model. The same has also been calculated by using turbulent RSM in Ansys Fluent for Wood and Coconut shell feedstock. Experimental results show that using feed stock with 10 % Calcium oxide (CaO) by weight, the efficiency of cyclone got reduced from 71.87% to 70.75% for wood feed stock, whereas in case of coconut shell, the cyclone efficiency got reduced from 78% to 73.44%. It is also seen that Leith and Licht model and Reynolds stress model (RMS) predicts very close to the particle collection efficiency evaluated by using experimental data.

• The Journal of Korean Medical History
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• v.35 no.1
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• pp.101-118
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• 2022

Maeng Hwa-seop (1915-2002) was born in 1915 in the Pundang neighborhood of Tolma township in Kwangju prefecture. After graduating from Pangyo primary school, he got a job at House of Gold and Jade (Kŭmhodong) in Dangjutong at the age of 17 and started learning Korean medicine. In 1939, he worked as a rural government official in Kwangju prefecture and became famous as a good doctor. In 1957, he got a license in Korean medicine and in 1958, he opened the Maeng Hwa-seop Korean medicine clinic in Anam-dong 5-ga. He started a clinical lecture, which began in 1970 for Professor Maeng Woong-jae, continued until 2001 and trained many students. Maeng died in May 2002 at the age of 88. He left clinical records as an outstanding clinician. He was not only famous among Korean medical doctors, but also a great scholar who was widely respected for his noble personality. His book, Guide to Medical Prescriptions (Pangyak chich'im 1976), is a clinical textbook and history book representing Korean medicine in the 20th century, and is still widely used in medical contexts.

• Journal of Gifted/Talented Education
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.65-80
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• 2003

The purpose of this study was to investigate the Asynchronous development of young gifted children by parents' perception. Total 3 groups of 145 subjects from age 30 months to 6 years 10 months old young gifted children's parents participated. The major findings were as follows: (1) The mean developmental characteristics was at a high average level. The developmental subscales tended to be high. The level of verbal understanding/expression tended to be high. It reared as followed; intellectual capacity, emotional maturity, visual-motor coordination, morality, self-behavior control, emotion control, physical development, social development, peer relationship, leadership ability. (2) There were significant differences between intellectual capacity, verbal understanding /expression and physical, social development, self-behavior control, emotion control. There were significant differences between physical development, self-behavior control and emotion control as children got lower. There were significant differences between verbal understanding/expression and visual-motor coordination as children got older. There were significant differences between social development, peer relationship and self-behavior control, emotion control as children got older. Also, there were significant differences between leadership ability and self-behavior control, emotion control as children got older. There were significant differences between morality and self-behavior control as children got older. These findings suggested that young gifted children were in the special needs because of the developmental differences.

• Conservation Science in Museum
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• v.1
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• pp.27-35
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• 1999

To get the best result from vacuum freeze drying of water-logged wood, it is necessary for objects to find out the best conditions such as chemicals, appropriate concentration of solution, impregnation method and etc. Such best conditions could be set up by pre-treatment experiments. Two kinds of wood(Pinus densiflora S. et Z. and Quercus acutissima Carruth) were pre-treated by four methods: 2-step PEG treatment(PEG#200-PEG#4000), sorbitol treatment, PEG#200+PEG#4000 treatment, and sorbitol+PEG#4000 treatment. After those pre-treatment, vacuum freeze-drying was undertaken. Then the effect of dimensional stability were compared. When using 2-step PEG treatment, a solution of 60% PEG #4000 got the best dimensional stability for pine and in case of the oak, a solution of 40% PEG#4000 got the best. Sorbitol treatment got rather good result for the pine only when applied with 40% solution of sorbitol. Sorbitol, PEG#200+PEG#4000 and sorbitol+PEG#4000 treatments to the oak didn't affect on dimensional stability sufficiently.

• Journal of fish pathology
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.65-70
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• 2001

The purpose of this study is to find out the effects of various bis(tri-n-butyltin)oxide (TBTO) on changes of inorganic matter and enzyme activity in the hemolymph of Pacific Oyster, Crassostrea gigas. Oyster were exposed to 5, 10, 20, 50, 80and $100{\mu}g$/L of TBTO for 20 days. Survival rate of the oyster wass significantly affected by $\geq80{\mu}g$/L TBTO concentration at 10 days, while the diminution of survival was found at 20 days with a lower concentration of $\geq50{\mu}g$/L TBTO. Calcium concentration in the hemolymph increased significantly after 20 days at the TBTO concentration $20{\mu}g$/L. However no change of magnesium and inorganic phosphate in the hemolymph was showed. A significant increment of GOT activities in the hemolymph was observed after 20 days at more than $20{\mu}g$/L TBTO concentraion, without typical changes of GPT activities. These results indicate that oysters can be affected by TBTO in terms of calcium concentration and GOT activity in the hemolymph when they were exposed to the TBTO concentration $20{\mu}g$/L.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.42 no.4
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• pp.361-365
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• 1999

In order to inspect safety and function regarding the reduction of cadmium poisoning by polyphenol compounds prepared from persimmon leaves (Diospyros kaki folium), animal test was done. Rats, group P-1 and P-2, were treated with cadmium and polyphenols of persimmon leaves. A control was just treated with cadmium. GOT activities in P-1 and in P-2 were lower than that of the control without considerable difference, whereas GPT activities decreased in P-1 and P-2. The SOD activity of liver tissue increased in P-l and P-2 compared with that of the control. GST activity was higher than that of the control without considerable difference in P-1; however, it increased in P-2. Lipid peroxide value considerably increased in both P-1 and P-2.

• Journal of the Korean Society of School Health
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.149-160
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• 2003

The purpose of this study was to analyze the effects after having the obesity education with obese elementary school children. The subjects were made up of 31 obese children out of U elementary school in B town as experimental group, and also were selected 34 children out of S elementary school under the same circumstance as control group. They ranged from the third to sixth grades with over 30% body fat ratio. The proceeding of obesity education consisted of three stage; stage for preparation, stage for practice, and stage for finish. The stages mentioned above were put into practice in turn for eleven weeks beginning on Oct. 8, 2001 through Dec. 22, 2001, while two stages only, stage for preparation and finish, were put into practice on the control group. The contents of the education for eleven weeks obesity regulation contained counseling and taking regular exercises once a week by professional gym teacher. In order to evaluate the effects of the education, physical characteristics, body composition, physical fitness, knowledge of obesity, dietry habit and attitude were measured. The obtained data were analyzed using SPSS program, the effects of pre and post obesity education in experimintal group were measured by paired-t test. The conclusions of this study were as follows : 1. Body fat ratio was significantly reduced after obesity education in experimintal group(p=.003). 2. The height with experimental group got taller remarkably(p=.000), but weight showed no signeficance after obesity education(p=.258). 3. Triceps and subscapular skinfold thickness showed remarkable decrese after obesity education(p=.000), percentage body fat and body fat amount got down remarkably after obesity education(p=.000). Percentage lean body mass and lean body mass amount got down remarkably after obesity education(p=.000). 4. Body flexibility, agility and muscle endurance graded up remarkably after obesity education(p=.009, p=.000, p=.000). 5. The grade in obesity knowledge got up remarkably after obesity education(p.000), but dietry habits and its life showed no significance in figures after obesity education(p=.335, p=.112). Through the results shown above, the obesity education caused body fat ratio, physique, body composition to grade up and physical fitness elevated, while dietry habits and its life showed no significance.

• Journal of Aquaculture
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.495-503
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• 1998

The present study investigated the effects of Bisroot, that contains live bacteria (Bacillus polyfermenticus, Bacillus mesentericus, Streptococcus faecalis, & Bifidobacterium breve) and digestive enzymes (protease, lipase), on the growth, body composition and immune response of Nile tilapia fingerlings. One percent of the Bisroot was added to the experimenta feed. All exprimental fish were fed for 60 days. The weigh gains among the experimental fish were not significntly different (P>0.05). Hematocrit value, hemoglobin, total protein, glucose, GOT, and GPT were unaffected by Bisroot treatment. However, it was observed that glucose, GOT, and GPT value in the fish that were fed Bisroot, were lower than the control. The complement activity ($CH_50$) tended to be significantly increased by Bisroot treatment, but not lysozyme activity. Phagocytosis and respiratory burst activities of macrophages in the head kidney were enhanced by Bisroot. Therefore, the Bisroot diet enhances the cellular immune activities were enhanced by Bisroot. Therefore, the Bisroot diet enhances the cellular immune activities of non-specific immune responses. When fish were challenged with a virulent strain of Edwardsiella tarda, the Bisroot treated fish were more resistant than the control. The present results suggest that the introduction of Bisroot into the diet of Nile tilapia could increase their resistance against bacterial infection, reduce fish mortality, and offers economic benefits.

• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
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• v.6 no.4
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• pp.283-294
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• 2006

The purpose of this study was to examine the state of smoking among some college students, the smoking motivation of smoker students, what made them quit smoking and how they got ready for giving up smoking, as smoking had a huge impact on national health and there was a desperate necessity for preventive antismoking education programs to let students keep away from smoking. After a survey was conducted with self-administered questionnaires from October 1 through November 1, 2006, the responses from 400 students were gathered, and 384 answer sheets were analyzed except 16 incomplete ones. The findings of the study were as follows: 1. By gender, 62.4% of the male students and 28.6% of the female students were smokers, and the state of smoking was statistically significantly different according to their gender(p<0.05). 2. The largest number of the male students, which accounted 44.1%, started smoking in their high school days, and 39.5% of the females did that in middle school. As for a daily mean amount of smoking, 41.8% of the male students, the greatest percentage, smoked 10 to 19 cigarettes a day, and one to nine cigarettes were most common among the females, which represented 57.9 %. But the gap between the two was insignificant(p>0.05). As many as 83.6% of the males and 86.8% of the females had ever attempted to quit it. 3. Concerning awareness of antismoking policies, they felt that a raise in cigarette price would lead to less smoking, and that antismoking advertisement or posters through television or newspaper would deliver the same results as well. There was a statistically significant difference among their awareness(p<0.05). 4. Regarding preparation stage for quitting smoking, 31.3% of the male smokers had no intention to give it up, and 23.2% considered it. 36.7%, the largest percentage, got ready to refrain from it. Among the female smokers, 34.2% had no plans to abstain from smoking, and 36.8% took it into consideration. 23.7% got ready to do that. The females who got ready for that were outnumbered the males who did. 5. As to connections between the state of smoking and relevant knowledge, the students didn't have a good knowledge on that, and a statistically significant difference existed between the smokers and nonsmokers in smoking knowledge. 6. As for knowledge about oral diseases, they were highly cognizant of the relationship of smoking to tooth discoloration, nicotine stomatitis and bad breath, but they didn't know well about its relationship to delayed recovery from dental treatment, implant failure and ozena. Their smoking condition made a statistically significant difference to their knowledge(p<0.05). In the future, sustained research efforts should be channeled into determining how much smoking affects health and concerns oral diseases, and antismoking counseling programs should be prepared to bolster people's awareness of oral health.