• Molecules and Cells
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.16-26
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• 2007

Wild progenitor species provide potential gene sources for complex traits such as yield and multiple resistances to biotic and abiotic stresses, and thus are expected to contribute to sustainable food supplies. An introgression line 'IR71033-121-15' was derived from a wild species Oryza minuta (2n = 48, BBCC, Acc No. 101141) at IRRI. Introgression analysis using 530 SSR and STS markers revealed that at least 14 chromosomal segments distributed over 12 chromosomes had been introgressed from O. minuta. An $F_{2:3}$ population from the cross between IR71033 and Junambyeo (a Korean japonica cultivar) consisting of 146 lines was used for quantitative trait loci (QTL) analysis of 16 agronomic traits. A total of 36 single-locus QTLs (S-QTLs) and 45 digenic epistasis (E-QTLs) were identified. In spite of it's inferiority of O. minuta for most of the traits studied, its alleles contributed positively to 57% of the QTLs. The other QTLs originated from either parent, IR71033 or Junambyeo. QTLs for phenotypically correlated traits were mostly detected on introgressed segments. Fourteen QTLs corresponded to QTLs reported earlier, indicating that these QTLs are stable across genetic backgrounds. Twenty-two QTLs controlling yield and its components had not been detected in previous QTL studies. Of these, thirteen consisted of potentially novel alleles from O. minuta. QTLs from O. minuta introgression could be new sources of natural variation for the genetic improvement of rice.

• 한국농촌건축학회논문집
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.1-9
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• 2012

Recently, the central and local government support various improvement projects on existing public buildings and areas. Improving public use and environment of these areas is adequate because financial condition of local city is not enough to build new infrastructures. As one of the projects, Geochang-Eup(Geochang-Gun, Gyeongnam Province) is selected as the project site since most of the public buildings and areas of the city are located close each other in downtown but not streamlined in function and use nor easily accessible. The purpose of this study is to analyze the causes of decline in local city and to present strategies to vitalize the city through improving environment of public areas. And we analyzed the problems by discussion with local officer, field investigation on the site and paper survey. The analysis shows that public infrastructures are grouped by function: administration, education, life support, culture, health, etc, but not well-connected, easily accessible, adequately located, various in use nor enough in quantity. This study summarized the problems into five categories: Access&Linkage, Safe&Comfort, Identity&Image, Usage&Activity and Ownership&Management and proposes strategy in three phases. The first phase is to improve functions and design of public places per each area: more consistent design on public buildings, better civil facilities and better accessibility to public areas. The second is to vitalize of the areas and to improve efficiency in use through linking each other physically and sharing uses. The third is to encourage citizen's participation and by developing civil programs to streamline public areas each other.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제15권5호
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• pp.592-606
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• 2015

전 연령층에 걸친 우울증 및 정신질환과 꾸준한 자살률 증가는 정부경쟁력을 크게 떨어뜨리는 심각한 사회문제이다. 정부는 정신건강을 증진시키고 자살을 예방하기 위해 다양한 정책을 실시하고 있으나 시행과정 및 연계 관리 체계 등에서 여러 문제점들이 제기된다. 본 연구는 정신건강분야에 있어 ICT 융합방안의 실태와 방향성을 파악하기 위해 국내외 사례를 살펴보았다. 미국과 영국에서는 ICT를 융합한 원격 정신치료서비스를 지역노인, 소아청소년, 취약계층 등에 제공하고 있다. 국내는 노인자살을 방지하기 위해 독거노인을 대상으로 응급알림 장치를 설치하거나 우울증과 치매 완화를 위한 기술이 개발 중에 있다. 고령화시대에 사회경제적 비용을 줄이고 보편적 복지실현을 위해 ICT 융합 정신건강관리 서비스가 필요하다. 이에 원격정신진료와 관련하여 첨예하게 갈등을 보이는 의료법과 의료기기에 대한 사회적 합의, 생애전주기에 걸쳐 이용자의 정신적 특성을 고려한 효과성 연구, 인구 밀집도와 의료접근성이 낮은 지역 중심의 특화된 정책 등이 제고되어져야한다.

• 농업과학연구
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.110-126
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• 1995

Korean economy has been developed successfully in the course of implementing the five year economic development plans since 1962. The gap of incomes and quality of life between rural and urban area has been widened and it made rural farm laborers drain to urban areas. Therefore the prevailing situation of labor shortage and wage hike in rural area has made farm management deteriorate in recent years. Under the internal and international unfavorable economic conditions, marginal farm land of 66.5 thousand ha has been idled as of end of 1993. The total area outside agricultural development zone with bad farming conditions including irrigation and drainage, and land consolidation for mechanization were estimated at 360.4thousand ha equivalent to 17.5% of the total farm land area in Korea. Considering the topographical conditions of marginal lands, the effective use of marginal lands should be studied from the view point of public interest rather than from the view point of individual economic conditions. Considering the present agricultural economic settings, such as price decrease, unfavourable benefits of farm products, labour shrotage, free trade of farm products and poor physical condition of marginal lands, the institutional and realistical measures for the effective utilization of idle and marginal land should be studied as soon as possible. Detail land use pattern should be surveyed in the areas outside agricultural development zone and have to be classified as orchard farms, grass land, fish culture farms, lawn and ornamental tree farm, sight seeing and leisure farms for urban peoples, special crops production farms and common farms to be developed for farm mechanization. According to the surveyed results, the expected utilization patterns of the idle and marginal lands could be considerd as village common use, farm land base development, leisure farm development, mutual complementary utilization between urban and rural areas, G't purchase and management, credit supply and new extension services, improvement of cropping patterns and sight seeing and leisure farm patterns. For the successful and reasonable management of the marginal lands, the actions such as institutional improvement, prohibition of idle marginal land, enforcement of activities of farm management committee members and land banking system of RDC including development and utilization systems should be included.

• 농촌의학ㆍ지역보건
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.27-32
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• 1991

한국인은 많은 양의 염류를 섭취하며 저단백식을 주로 한다는 사실이 1960년대로부터 알려져왔다. 일련의 연구로부터, 한국인이 많은 양의 염류를 섭취하는 것은 저단백식과 관계가 있는 것으로 여겨져왔다. 지난 30년간 한국인의 식사중 단백성분은 크게 증가해 왔다. 본 연구는 1990년 현재 한국 농촌지역 거주자의 소변 중에 배설되는 나트륨과 칼륨의 양 및 총 소변 배설량을 측정하여 유의할 만한 변화가 있었는지를 알아보기 위하여 실시되었다. 또, 도시지역 거주자와의 비교를 위해 34명의 농촌지역 거주자와 9명의 도시지역 거주자를 대상으로 하였다. 조사기간중 조사대상자를 일상생활을 그대로 영위하도록 하였다. 34시간 동안 배설된 소변을 수집하여 그중의 나트륨, 칼륨, 크레아티닌 농도를 측정하였다. 마지막 뇨 수집 시에는 정맥혈을 채취하여 혈장 중의 나트륨, 칼륨, 총단백 농도를 측정하였다. 그 결과는 다음과 같다. 1) 혈장 중의 나트륨, 칼륨, 총단백 농도는 정상범위 내에 있었다. 2) 농촌인구에서는 24시간 소변중의 나트륨, 칼륨 배설량은 각각 $255{\pm}95.6$mEq/day, $45{\pm}15.1$mEq 이었으며 24시간동안 수집된 소변의 총량은 $1800{\pm}514.3$ml/day이었다. 이 수치를 1960년의 자료와 비교할 때 수집된 나트륨 배설량은 감소추세를 보였으나 칼륨과 총 소변배설량에 있어서는 별 변화를 발견할 수 없었다. 3) 농촌거주자의 소변중 Na/K 비는 도시거주자에 비해 유의하게 높았으며 도시지역거주자에 있어서 소변중 나트륨 배설량의 감소추세가 더욱 두드러졌다. 4) 이 수치를 서양인의 수치와 비교하면 아직도 한국 농촌지역 거주자의 염분 섭취가 높음을 보이고 있는 반면 칼륨에 있어서는 서양인에 비해 훨씬 낮음을 알 수 있다. 5) 염분과 단백의 섭취 사이에 있을 수 있는 관계를 고찰했다.

• 한국농공학회지
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• 제41권6호
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• pp.54-63
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• 1999

Considering that rural village had evolved through a long-sustained effort of harmnization with nature, there should be the wisdom not only to reflect the level of rural resident's housing demand, but also to conserve the traditional characteristics of high-valuation in the modern rural housing. In Korea , standard design proposals of rural houses had been made public three times ; in 1972 , 1984 and 1995. so , firstly, this study analysed the inner-space layouts of design proposals mentioned above, from which changes and problems in the past housing design were derived. And also, through, the positive acceptance of residents' opinion living inthe houses built by standard design proposals in 1970 ~1980's, improved design principles and an alternative model were proposed , finally. The inner-space structed of standard design proposals in 1970s was originated from small-scaled and low-priced one, basically under the " open system". In 1980s, the basic design principle changed to the 'closed system' in which the living room being the focus of indoor family life, and , in 1990s, progressively, therural housing developed to the high qualified type by the spatial enlargement and with increased equipements. However, this structural change of rural house brought about the problem of functional separatioon between farming and daily living activities. In details, limited spaces of multipurpose spaces and sanitary facility would be mentioned as problems for improvement. conclusively in this study, newoly arranged "open system" was recommended , as a basic design principle for theinner space structure formation of rural house, which easily links the constituent inner-house spaces to outer one. Based on this principle, the detailed design criterial was proposed as follows ; 1. The living room be directly linked to the front-yard and centrally placed, the addtional space of which could be secured for the special family events by the flexibleuse of its adjacent room or by the housing of male quarters(separated from main building quarter). 2. The kitchen also be directly linked to side-yard and to livng room , for the convenience of farming activities and the shortening of path flow housewife. 3. The expanded toilet-and-bathroom be placed in the directly connected left-hand side to the living room and also be allowed access through multipurpose spaces to out door. 4. The multipurpose spaces be directly connected to the kitchen and the toilet and-bathroom , of which function would be for undressing of working clothes, quickwashing and ordinary working.nd ordinary working.

• 한국식생활문화학회지
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• 제22권6호
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• pp.765-774
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• 2007

Aging rate of rural area in our country is relatively high compared to that of the urban area. Thus, the introduction of meal service for the elderly residing in the rural area is necessary for their better living quality. Food habit, health and the nutritive intake conditions during the busy farming season were surveyed and comparative analysis of dietary intake for the introduction of meal service in pavilion of the elderly living in Chungnam, Kangwon, Jeonnam and Kyungbuk was performed for basic reference data of meal service introduction to the pavilion of the elderly in rural area. In general subject, the male elderly had a significant difference in marital state and showed that 79.4% was married and 20% was separated by death(P<0.05). In allowance, there were no significant difference but most of them lived with less then three hundred thousand won and especially, female lived with less then one hundred thousand won. In health state, the female elderly showed significant difference on difficulty with every day activity but with small trouble although they had to prepare their own meal(P<0.05). The condition dental health conditions of the female elderly had a significant difference showing bad conditions in following order; Kangwon(48%)>Chungnam(38.1%)>Kyungbuk(22.9%)>Jeonnam(22.5%)(p<0.05). The female elderly showed a significant difference in usage of denture and number of the female elderly without using the denture were very high(p<0.05). In nutrition intake condition, amount of sodium was very high but intakes of fiber and calcium were relatively 1ow(P<0.05). Meal service introduction in the pavilion of the elderly is suggested for the improvement of the life quality of the elderly in rural area. When developing the menu for them, conditions such as shortage of the fiber and calcium in diets, the dental conditions should be considered.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제31권7호
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• pp.609-616
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• 2021

세균성 무름병 균[Pectobacterium carotovorum subsp. carotovorum (Pcc)]에 의해서 일어나는 무름병은 아시아 국가에서 재배되는 무에 있어서 심각한 질병 중의 하나로 알려져 있다. 이번 연구의 목적은 상업적으로 시판되는 무 품종의 세균성 무름병의 저항성에 대한 효율적인 생물검정법을 확립하고자 하였다. 첫째, 무 품종에 대해 세균성 무름병의 효율적인 생물검정 방법을 조사하였다. 6개의 무 품종을 다양한 조건[두 가지 온도(25℃와 30℃), 3가지 접종방법(관주, 분무, 침지), 두 발생단계(2와 4잎 단계)]으로 조사하였다. 연구 결과는 무름병균 1×10⁶ cfu/ml 농도를 분무한 4잎 단계와 30℃에서 배양한 생물검정 방법이 무 품종에 대해 가장 효율적인 방법임을 알 수 있었다. 둘째, 41개의 무 품종에 5가지 세균(KACC 10225, KACC 10343, KACC 10421, KACC 10458, KACC 13953)을 접종하여 저항성을 조사하였다. KACC 10421가 세균성 무름병의 감수성 및 저항성 질병 정도를 가장 잘 나타냈다. 41개의 무 품종 중 13개는 무름병 균에 대해 중도 저항성을 나타냈고 28개는 감수성을 나타냈다. 이 연구에서 중도저항성 무 품종은 세균성 무름병 저항성 육종을 위한 저항성 자원으로 활용 가능하고 육종가, 농민, 연구자, 최종 소비자에 의해서 다양한 목적을 위해 사용 가능할 것으로 사료된다.

• 펄프종이기술
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• 제38권4호
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• pp.17-23
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• 2006

Paper has fibers and fines network structure and it is strongly affected by interface bond-ing between fibers. Paper structural properties can be determined depending on the inter-fiber bonding. Fines play an important role in Campbell and consolidation effect through wet pressing and drying operations. The fines are essential for the formation of bonds between fibers and for the improvement of strength properties of papers. Since the fines are components of the pulp, there are always two factors to be considered: the quality and quantity of the fines. The quality of fines might be a potential variable to give a more accurate picture of the papermaking potential of the pulp. The object of this study is to investigate the effect of different types of pulp fines on the properties of paper and to access the potential of fines for controlling the bulk of paper. Refined Sw-BKP, Hw-BKP and BCTMP fines were used to investigate the fines effect. Wet-web strength, breaking length, scattering coefficient, and hydrodynamic specific volume, and drying shrinkage were measured. According to the results, chemical and morphological compositions of fines do not strongly affect to wet-web forming by their similar Campbell effect, but strongly affect to drying operation which forms hydrogen bonding among fiber-fines-fiber matrixes. Paper bulk should be controlled by the extent of hydrogen bonding between fibers during drying operation.

• 한국농공학회논문집
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• 제59권4호
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• pp.109-117
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• 2017

Coastal reclamation has created large flat lands, part of which is an attractive site to construct greenhouse complexes for the horticulture industry. Wind environments over these coastal lands are entirely different from those of the inland area, and demand increased structural safety. The objective of this study is to evaluate the structural safety of two single-span greenhouses, peach type and even-span type, under the wind characteristics of coastal reclaimed lands. The wind pressure coefficients acting on the walls and roofs of two greenhouses were measured by wind tunnel experiments, and those acting on the roofs were approximately two times larger than those suggested by the existing design guidelines. Consequently, structural analysis conducted by SAP2000 showed that greenhouse structures designed by the existing guidelines might lead to structural failure under coastal wind conditions because their maximum allowable wind speeds were lower than the design wind speed. Especially, the peach type greenhouse constructed in a reclaimed land could be damaged by approximately 48 % of the design wind speed and needed improvement of structural designs. This study suggested increasing the spacing of rafters with thicker pipes for the peach type greenhouse to enhance economic feasibility of the building under strong wind conditions of reclaimed lands.