• Journal of Korean Society of Rural Planning
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.71-85
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• 2022

The food self-sufficiency rate of agricultural products in Korea, excluding rice, is around 20%, and the government is promoting various policies including a Multiple-Purpose Utilization of Paddy Fields project, to increase the self-sufficiency rate of major grains. The project for Multiple-Purpose Utilization of Paddy Fields is being promoted as a part of a program to create farmland infrastructure to facilitate the cultivation of crops other than rice in rice paddies, and pilot projects were started in four regions in 2020. The purpose of this study is to analyze the economic effects of the pilot project for Multiple-Purpose Utilization of Paddy Fields, and to propose policies to increase the effectiveness of the project. In order to analyze the economic effect, we estimated the change in farm income generated by switching from rice to other crops, and measured the effect of welfare change using the Equilibrium Displacement Model (EDM). As a result of the analysis, social welfare is expected to increase when the pilot project for Multiple-Purpose Utilization of Paddy Fields is implemented, and the income of the beneficiary farmers is also expected to improve compared to that of single-cropping when double-cropping is implemented. However, it was found that the economic feasibility of the project differs depending on the crops converted. Juksan-myeon, Gimje-si, which is an area where soybean production was successful, was analyzed from the viewpoint of increasing the economic feasibility of the pilot project. Their success factors were analyzed into four major factors: infrastructure, farming methods, education, and collaboration with local agricultural organizations. If such a success story can be utilized in the future project implementation process, it can contribute to the improvement of farm household income and national economic welfare.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture
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• v.40 no.3
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• pp.169-178
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• 2021

BACKGROUND: The Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs is promoting agri-environment conservation program to induce farmers to participate in agricultural environment improvement and conservation activities. However, assessment tools based on scientific evidence are needed to determine the effectiveness of the program objectively and quantitatively. Therefore, this study was performed to develop plant indicators in order to efficiently evaluate the effects of the agri-environment conservation program promoted by the Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs. METHODS AND RESULTS: The survey was conducted in five regions (Hampyeong, Boryeong, Mungyeong, Hongseong, and Sangju) participating in the agri-eonvironment conservation program. In each region, twenty paddy fields were investigated (ten paddy fields included in the program and ten paddy fields not included in the program). A total of 231 taxa vascular plants were identified in the paddy fields that were included in the agri-environment conservation program, and a total of 177 taxa were identified in the paddy fields that were not included. The average species number occurred on each field was 55.8 taxa in the fields included in the program, and 35.0 taxa in the fields not included in the program. The difference in occurring plants between two groups was found to be more higher in perennial plants than in annual plants. We selected the six groups as indicator plants through five criteria such as perennial plants and broadly occurring species, etc. to verify the effectiveness of the agri-environment conservation program: Taraxacum spp., Ixeris spp., Viola spp., Platago spp., Calystegia spp., and rare and endagered species. There was a high positive correlation between the score calculated using these indicator plants and the total number of plants species. CONCLUSION: This study suggests that it is possible to evaluate the agro-ecological environment by using indicator plants. The selected indicator plants can be effectively used to verify the effectiveness of projects such as agri-environmental conservation programs in the future.

• Journal of Korean Society of Rural Planning
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.113-124
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• 2011

This study attempted to propose a space planning of rural villages having been connected by small-regions units as a plan of regional economic growth through cultivating native resources located in rural areas and then developing them. As research methods, this study carried out literature research and empirical study at the same time, and then was progressed to directions of deducing a basic plan by applying alternatives to actual object sites based on the results. Endogenous developments of areas through native resources' developments have been emphasized in Korea recently, and various policies and strategies are being appeared for making regional economic growth under these recognitions. However, rural village planning has directed to physical maintenances centering on functionality till now, and composed of facility repairs and experience projects of urban-rural interchanges mostly so as to solve living environments between cities and agricultural villages. Therefore, this study intended to pose discrimination with existing rural village planning, and set up a growth plan of rural villages by cultivating and developing tangible and intangible native resources having been kept in the rural villages and then commercializing them centering on indigenous native resources.

• Journal of Korean Society of Rural Planning
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.75-91
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• 2013

In rural areas, in spite of the development projects of town and houses has been performed after the New Community Movement, due to rapid industrialization and urbanization, which lasted until the 2000s from the 1980s, out-migration to the cities, changes in the industrial structure, rapid aging was carried. As a result, the gap of housing environment between urban and rural areas became more serious. The meantime, the housing problem is recognized only to the problems of the big cities, mostly urban public housing policy oriented. However, when you check the indicator of the housing environment, such as the percentage of aging housing, rural environment has become a relatively poor compared to the city. In addition, due to a decrease in income and aging of the population living in rural areas of existing infrastructure to improve the living environment is weakened. And inside of the rural areas, changes in the housing environment and polarization phenomenon is becoming increasingly serious. Therefore, in this study, there is a purpose to be presented the improvement direction for efficient implementation of house remodeling support program for underprivileged group in rural areas and requires immediate attention improvement of housing environment. Previously, House remodeling support project in rural areas was carried out at the initiative of local governments and government mainly. For this reason, it is difficult due to limited institutional, to reflect the necessary parts directly to the real life of the residents. And, the demand for improvement of housing environment need modifications to solve the inconvenience of life of residents directly in many cases. It is considered that community-based house remodeling support project is to be carried out through the participation of local residents.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Rural Architecture
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.9-17
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• 2018

The purpose of the study is to suggest ways to improve the Landscape Review system and Landscape Management System of Jeju Special Self-governing Province through Analysis of the Landscape Review Results and Jeju Special Self-governing Ordinance. For this purpose, the research methods were reviewed for preliminary study and reviewing the laws and ordinances related to landscape, and 318 cases of landscape review, which have been implemented since 2010, were analyzed by item by item along with the result of the review. The main results of the analysis are as follows. First, Jeju Special Self-governing Province, which currently operates an enhanced ordinance of development project review, is experiencing problems such as building the wrong construction projects due to the weak legal basis for follow-up management after landscape Review. Second, Jeju Special Self-governing Province expects efficient management of the province through expansion of the scope of the landscape review. Third, the current status of the decisions by the Landscape review showed that 57.7% of the bills passed, the lowest at 41.9% for the development projects. Fourth, analysis of the landscape review contents by categorization by item showed that ' Landscape Control Guideline' and 'Document not completed' are relatively high. Thus, eight years have passed since the start of the Landscape Management System and the Landscape Review, but systematic institutional stability is not sufficient, so it is necessary to make the Landscape Control Guideline easier to understand.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Rural Architecture
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.1-8
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• 2023

This is a case study of private sector's development of long-term unexecuted urban parks in Pohang through a special act, which provides a guideline of 30% of land for non-park while 70% of land for park. The strategy has a lot of validity in many respects along with the urban planning sunset system, but even with the special act it would not easy to be implemented in Pohang, where the guideline has been modified to 20% for non-park, mostly multi-family housing projects while 80% for park. Thus, participation of private companies would be discouraged due to low commercial validity. Also, there would exist various risks because the project would be completed through a long-term decision-making and execution process. Thus, this study argues that it would be better for Pohang to follow the original guideline of the government for better implementation of the projects, along with preparation of a law with which the government be able to recoup excess profits when too much profits would be given to private developers. For the project implemented smoothly, it is also important to understand local housing market and fluctuating economic conditions, and to prepare various incentives for private companies. In addition, to secure publicity, guidelines on the level of publicity of the project should be prepared through negotiation by parties to prevent the project being discouraged too much.

• International conference on construction engineering and project management
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• 2009.05a
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• pp.272-275
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• 2009

Carbon finance is the investment in Greenhouse Gas (GHG) emission reduction projects in developing countries and countries with economies in transition within the framework of the Kyoto Protocol's Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) or Joint Implementation (JI) and with creation of financial instruments, i.e., carbon credits, which are tradable in carbon market. The additional revenue generated from carbon credits will increase the bankability of projects by reducing the risks of commercial lending or grant finance. Meantime, it has also demonstrated numerous opportunities for collaborating across sectors, and has served as a catalyst in bringing climate issues to bear in projects relating to rural electrification, renewable energy, energy efficiency, urban infrastructure, waste management, pollution abatement, forestry, and water resource management. Establishing additionality is essential for successful CDM project development. One of the key steps is the investment analysis. As guided by UNFCCC, financial indicators such as IRR, NPV, DSCR etc are most commonly used in both Option II & Option III. However, economic indicator such as Economic Internal Rate of Return(EIRR) are often overlooked in Option III even it might be more suitable for the project. This could be due to the difficulties in economic analysis. Although Asian Development Bank(ADB) has given guidelines in evaluating EIRR, there are still large amount of works have to be carried out in estimating the economic, financial, social and environmental benefits in the host country. This paper will present a case study of a CDM development of a 18 MW hydro power plant with carbon finance option in central Vietnam. The estimation of respective factors in EIRR, such as Willingness to Pay(WTP), shadow price etc, will be addressed with the adjustment to Vietnam local provincial factors. The significance of carbon finance to Vietnam renewable energy development will also be addressed.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Rural Architecture
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.9-17
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• 2020

The ratio of the deterioration housing in rural area was 29.6%, but it was 18.3% in urban area based on a 2018 survey. In consideration of the point, this study aims to analyze the actual condition of indoor air quality in rural houses to provide basic data for improving the indoor air environment. It was investigated 15housings of Hongseong-gun, Chungchengnam-do. To investigate the correlation between indoor air quality and housing type, both the field survey of housing type and precision diagnosis of concentration of indoor air pollutants such as HCHO, TVOC, Fine dust(PM-10, PM-2.5), CO₂, Radon. The results of this study are as follows. First, according to the average value of each element of rural old housing, the construction year was distributed in 1939~2004, and 12households(80%) living in houses older than 30years have passed for about 46years. As for the housing area, more than 12houses(80%) of 60㎡ or more and 3 houses (20%) of less than 60㎡ were often living in relatively small-scale housing. Second, as a result of measuring indoor air pollutants in rural houses, substances exceeding the standard values were found in HCHO, TVOC, CO₂. Third, in the case of Fine dust and Radon, none of such factors were exceeded the standard. Fourth, there was no significant difference in indoor air quality depending on housing type in rural houses. This paper is expected to contribute to the regional development projects and effective implementation of rural policies.

• Journal of Korean Society of Rural Planning
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.81-93
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• 2013

The selection of land for fishing village development project, and the standard used to classify fishing villages has been determined based on the guidelines developed by fishing village cooperatives. The approach fishing village cooperatives follows is likely to classify fishing villages without first reflecting on the overall development environment of the region, such as other industries and workers in the area. It also acts as a barrier for business promotion or evaluation, because the cooperatives do not match the administrative districts, which are the units of administration, and the main policy enforcement agent in regional development. Against this background, this study aimed to identify categories to situate the development direction, as well as the size and distribution of fishing villages based on eup, myeon, and dong administrative units as defined by the Fishing Villages and Fishery Harbors Act. This study was based on the Census of Agriculture, Forestry, and Fisheries of 2010, and analyzed 826 eups, myeon, and dongs with fishery households using the principal component analysis, and 2-Step cluster analysis methods. Therefore, 95% of the variance was explained using the covariance matrix for types of fishing villages, but it was analyzed as one component focusing on the number and ratio of fishery households, and used the cluster-type analysis, which focused on the sizes of fishing villages. The clusters were categorized into three types: (1) the development type based on the number of fishermen in the eups, myeons and dongs was analyzed as village size (682); (2) administrative district size (121); and (3) total eups, myeons and dongs (23), which revealed that the size of most fishing villages was small. We could explain 73% of the variance using the correlation coefficient matrix, which was divided into three types according to the three principal component scores, namely fishery household power, fishery industry power, and fishing village tourism power. Most fishing villages did not have a clear development direction because all business areas within the region were diversified, and 552 regions could be categorized under the harmonious development type, which is in need of balanced development. The fishery industry type typified by industrial strength included 159 regions in need of an approach based on industrialization of fishery product processing. Specialized production areas, which specialized in producing fishery products, were 115 regions with a high percentage of fishermen. The analysis results indicated that various situations in terms of size and development of fishing villages existed. However, because several regions exist in the form of small village units, it was necessary to approach the project in a manner that directed the diversification of regional development projects, such as places for local residents to relax or enjoy tourism experiences within the region, while considering the overall conditions of the relevant eups, myeons, and dongs. Reinforcement of individual support for fishermen based on the Fisheries Act must take precedence over providing support for fishermen through regional development. In addition, it is necessary to approach the development of fishing villages by focusing on industrializing the processing techniques of fishery products. Areas specialized in the production of fishery products are required to consider the facilities for fisheries production, and must make efforts to increase fishery resources, such as releasing fry.

• Journal of agriculture & life science
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• v.43 no.1
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• pp.61-71
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• 2009

The objectives of this study were to confirm the necessity of classifying rural areas into several zone, which is being required to carry out vanous regional development projects in rural areas sponsored by govermnent effectively, make the standard for the classification. To summarize the results obtained from this study are as follows Based on the evaluation on the resource amount, the region of eup and myeon in the five gun were classified into five type(A, B, C, D, E). From the classification result, 6 eup and myeon were classified into A type, 13 eup and myeon into B type, 14 eup and myeon into C type, 18 eup and myeon into D type, 11 eup and myeon into E type. This showed that the five belts were distributed evenly in the five gun. The regions of eup and key myeon in each gun were classified into A type(Urbanization). The evaluation on the resource amount of the region that held beautiful view of nature and great tourist attractions was high although the region was close to E type (Mountains) in geographical feature. The regional characteristics of each eup or myeon are different although eup and myeon that were located in the same gun or adjacent each other. Therefore, it is thought that when the project for development of rural areas is planned, the regional characteristic of each eup and myeon should be considered to utilize the potential of each region fully. In summary, it is believed that to get productive results from the development Project in rural areas, strategics should be different based on the regional characteristic of each zone.