• Spatial Information Research
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.263-273
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• 2002

본 연구에서는 폐쇄성 유역에 있어서 적정 수환경 관리방안에 대하여 고찰하였다. 공간적으로 분포하는 각종 환경정보를 효과적으로 얻기 위하여 GIS데이터를 이용하였다. 표고 데이터로부터 유역의 수로 및 하도망을 자동적으로 도출하였으며, 수치고 도모델(Digital Elevation Model)을 모형화함으로써 유역으로부터의 질소 오염물질 유출량을 해석하였다. 본 모형은 실측자료를 토대로 보정 및 검증하였다. GIS와 연계한 본모형은 다수의 유입지류를 가지는 수역에 효과적이며, 토지이용의 변화를 고려한 오염물질 유출해석에 적절하게 이용될 것이다

• 대한환경공학회지
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• 제31권12호
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• pp.1089-1094
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• 2009

도시화에 따른 불투수면적의 증가가 도시지역의 유출량 증가에 미치는 영향을 SWMM (Storm Water Management Model) 모델을 미국 프린스턴 대학 캠퍼스에 적용하여 분석하였다. 도시지역의 하수관거망을 고려하여 정밀한 지형 및 인프라 자료를 구축하기 위하여 모형의 유역을 격자 형식으로 제시하고, GIS를 활용하여 지형인자를 추출하였다. 모델의 격자망은 구축 자료의 사용 용이성 및 활용도를 높이기 위하여 200${\times}$200 ft (60.96${\times}$60.96 m)의 정사각형 형태의 131개의 소유역으로 구성하였다. 적용성이 검토된 도시지역의 SWMM 모델을 이용하여 도시화에 따른 불투수면적의 증가가 지표면 유출에 미치는 영향을 예측하기 위하여 불투수면적이 50% 및 100%로 증가했을 경우의 유출량 증가를 검토하였다. 도시화에 따른 불투수 면적의 증가로 인하여 초기 강우시 유출량의 증가율 평균이 가장 높게 나타났으며 최대 강우 강도시에 최대 증가율을 보였다.

• 한국물환경학회지
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• 제39권1호
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• pp.30-37
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• 2023

This study aimed to evaluate the ability to reduce flood damage caused by abnormal rainfall events due to climate change by utilizing a blue-green roof (BGF), a type of rooftop greening technology. For two buildings with the same roof area, a BGF was installed in the experimental group, a general roof was configured in the control group, and rainfall runoff was compared. A total of 10 rainfall events were tested and analyzed by classifying them into three rainfall classes (less than 10 mm, less than 100 mm, and more than 100 mm). There was a reduction of 100% in the case of 10 mm or less of rainfall, 84. 7% in the case of 100 mm or less, and 39.8% in the case of 100 mm or more. Although this study showed that a BGF was effective in reducing rainfall runoff, additional experiments and analyses of various factors affecting rainfall runoff reduction are needed to generalize the results of the study. This research methodology may be used to develop a method for evaluating the resilience of a BGF to flood damage due to climate change.

• 한국산학기술학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국산학기술학회 2010년도 추계학술발표논문집 2부
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• pp.1033-1036
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• 2010

Since Jeju island has depended a water resource on the underground water because of a poor development of the surface flow, Jeju island is in need of the surface resource development to prevent the future shortage of the underground water due to excessive development and use of it. The study shows that the SWAT model(continuous rainfall-runoff model) is applied to estimate the outflow in the drainage watershed area, where it has been urbanized through the change of the land, such as a tourism development, cultivation, housing, and impervious layer road development. Near watershed area in Jeju island, weather and topographical SWAT input data were collected, and compared the outflow change of past and present.

• Membrane and Water Treatment
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.1-11
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• 2019

The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Fifth Assessment Report (AR5) predicted that recent extreme hydrological events would affect water quality and aggravate various forms of water pollution. To analyze changes in water quality due to future climate change, input data (precipitation, average temperature, relative humidity, average wind speed and sunlight) were established using the Representative Concentration Pathways (RCP) 8.5 climate change scenario suggested by the AR5 and calculated the future runoff for each target period (Reference:1989-2015; I: 2016-2040; II: 2041-2070; and III: 2071-2099) using the semi-distributed land use-based runoff processes (SLURP) model. Meteorological factors that affect water quality (precipitation, temperature and runoff) were inputted into the multiple linear regression analysis (MLRA) and artificial neural network (ANN) models to analyze water quality data, dissolved oxygen (DO), biological oxygen demand (BOD), chemical oxygen demand (COD), suspended solids (SS), total nitrogen (T-N) and total phosphorus (T-P). Future water quality prediction of the Anseongcheon River basin shows that DO at Gongdo station in the river will drop by 35% in autumn by the end of the $21^{st}$ century and that BOD, COD and SS will increase by 36%, 20% and 42%, respectively. Analysis revealed that the oxygen demand at Dongyeongyo station will decrease by 17% in summer and BOD, COD and SS will increase by 30%, 12% and 17%, respectively. This study suggests that there is a need to continuously monitor the water quality of the Anseongcheon River basin for long-term management. A more reliable prediction of future water quality will be achieved if various social scenarios and climate data are taken into consideration.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.239-248
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• 2008

The purpose of this study is to examine appropriate sub-basin division numbers that best reflect the hydrological characteristics of the basin so as to propose the criterion for dividing the sub-basin in analyzing flood runoff in the future. The characteristics of flood runoff variations were based on the WMS HEC-1 model, and the area in the upstream of the Dongbyeon water level observatory and the Geum-ho water level observatory was chosen for analysis, and examined the characteristics of the changes in flood runoff. First of all, in the targeted basin, if the sub-basin division number was 4 (that is, the area of the divided sub-basin was about 25% of the total area). Next, as the sub-basin division number gradually increased, the peak rate of runoff increased as well, and in case the sub-basin was not divided, the peak rate of runoff occurred at the earliest time. Given these results, the spatial change characteristics will be best reflected when the sub-basin is divided for analysis of flood runoff in such a way that the area of the divided sub-basin is about 25% of the total area of the basin. However, as these results are based on a limited number (4) of storms, more storm events and other basins need to be included in the review of the sub-basin division methodology.

• 한국물환경학회지
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• 제34권3호
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• pp.308-315
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• 2018

SWMM-LID was calibrated with flow monitoring data in LHI to evaluate runoff after LID application. The flow rate in the B basin was estimated to be 0.94 and 6.15 for O/S and $D_v$, respectively. In the A and C basins, the difference between the observed and simulated data was greater than in the B basin. As a result of runoff reduction efficiency by the application of LID facilities, the change of infiltration increased from 34.6 % to 45.8 % in the entire watershed, and the runoff decreased from 58.8 % to 46.3 %. In the runoff reduction of each LID facility, rain garden E showed the highest effect with 99.9 % and bioretention B showed the lowest effect with 27.5 %. In order to evaluate the efficiency of each LID facility, a comparison is made between the pore volume (V) of the LID and the catchment area (A). The runoff showed a runoff reduction effect of about 70 % above the 0.1 volume/area (V/A) value. As a result of examining the runoff reduction with LID facilities by the LID module of SWMM, a reasonable design is possible by reflecting the appropriate LID volume to drainage area.

• 한국농공학회지
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• 제45권4호
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• pp.78-88
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• 2003

The land use changes from non-urban areas to urban areas lead to the increased impervious areas, consequently increased direct runoff and higher peak runoff. Urban areas have also been recognized as significant sources of Nonpoint Source (NPS) pollution, while agricultural activities have been known as the primary sources of NPS pollution. Many features of the L-THIA/NPS GIS, L-THIA/NPS WWW system have been enhanced to provide easy-to-use system. The L-THIA model was applied to the Little Eagle Creek (LEC) watershed in Indiana to evaluate the accuracy of the model. The L-THIA/NPS GIS estimated yearly direct runoff values match the direct runoff separated from U.S. Geological Survey stream flow data reasonably. The $R^2$ and Nash-Sutcliffe values are 0.67 and 0.60, respectively. The L-THIA estimated runoff volume and total nitrogen loading for each land use classification in the LEC watershed were computed. The estimated runoff volume and total nitrogen loading in the LEC watershed increased by 180% and 270% for the 20 years. Urbanized areas -"Commercial", "High Density Residential", and "Low Density Residential"- of the LEC watershed made up around 68% of the 1991 total land areas, however contributed more than 92% of average annual runoff and 86% of total nitrogen loading. Therefore, it is essential to consider the impacts of land use change on hydrology and water quality in land use planning of urbanizing watershed.nning of urbanizing watershed.

• KIEAE Journal
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.15-21
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• 2014

In this study, we developed a modular rainwater infiltration system that can be applied for general purposes in urban areas to prepare for localized heavy rain caused by climatic change. This study also analyzed the system's effects on reducing runoff. An analysis of the system's effects on reducing runoff based on rainfall data and monitoring data obtained between September 2012 and December 2013 after the system was installed showed that approximately 20~22% of the runoff overflowed from the infiltration facility. Also, an analysis of the runoff that occurred during the monsoon season showed that 25% of the runoff overflowed through the storm sewer system of the urban area. These results show that the rainwater overflows after infiltrating the detention facility installed in the area during high-intensity rainfall of 100mm or higher or when precipitation is 100mm for 3~4 days without the prior rainfall. According to precipitation forecasts, torrential rainfall is becoming increasingly prevalent in Korea which is increasing the risk of floods. Therefore, the standards for storm sewer systems should be raised when planning and redeveloping urban areas, and not only should centralized facilities including sewer systems and rainwater pump facilities be increased, but a comprehensive plan should also be established for the water cycle of urban areas. This study indicates that decentralized rainwater management can be effective in an urban area and also indicates that the extended application of rainwater infiltration systems can offer eco-friendly urban development.

• 한국수자원학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국수자원학회 2016년도 학술발표회
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• pp.329-329
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• 2016

Rapid urbanization has taken environmental toll on the surrounding which can be witnessed by the advent of global warming and climate change. Driven by environmental needs, Green Building Index (GBI) was established in Malaysia to drive initiative to lead the property industry towards becoming more environmental friendly. Green roofs (roof with vegetated cover) as one of the assessment criteria of GBI, are gaining attention in the Malaysian society as a versatile new environmental friendly mitigation technology. This paper evaluates the qualitative and quantitative performances of an extensive green roof at Humid Tropics Centre under local tropical climate. Simulations showed that the extensive green roof system could reduce the peak discharge up to 26% in relation to impervious brown roof. Its reduction ability decreased for storms with intense rainfall. Increment of pH was observed for the green roof runoff and the runoff water quality ranged between class I and II under Water Quality Index (WQI). High concentrations of phosphate were noticed in the runoff samples and substrates (fertilized planting soil) might be the potential contributor. Findings indicate that there was a reduction of around $1.5^{\circ}C$ for indoor temperature of the building after installation of the extensive green roof.