• International Journal of Contents
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• 제5권3호
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• pp.79-85
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• 2009

Emergent requests or urgent information among enterprises require their intimate collaboration in B2B EC (electronic commerce). This paper analyzes the needs of intimate cooperation of distributed EC systems in terms of business contracts and presents an active rule-based methodology of close cooperation among EC systems and an active rule component to support it. Since the rule component provides high level rule patterns and event-based immediate processing, system administrators and programmers can easily program and maintain intimate cooperation of distributed EC systems independently to the application logic. The proposed active rule component facilitates HTTP protocol. Its prototype is implemented in B2B EC environment and evaluated using basic trigger facility of a commercial DBMS.

• International Journal of Fuzzy Logic and Intelligent Systems
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• 제5권4호
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• pp.353-359
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• 2005

In this research, we propose a Unified Fuzzy rule-based knowledge Inference Systems (UFIS) to help the expert in cosmetic brand detection. Users' preferred cosmetic product detection is very important in the level of CRM. To this purpose, many corporations trying to develop an efficient data mining tool. In this study, we develop a prototype fuzzy rule detection and inference system. The framework used in this development is mainly based on two different mechanisms such as fuzzy rule extraction and RDB (Relational DB)-based fuzzy rule inference. First, fuzzy clustering and fuzzy rule extraction deal with the presence of the knowledge in data base and its value is presented with a value between 0 -1. Second, RDB and SQL (Structured Query Language)-based fuzzy rule inference mechanism provide more flexibility in knowledge management than conventional non-fuzzy value-based KMS (Knowledge Management Systems).

• 대한음성학회지:말소리
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• 제58호
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• pp.45-66
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• 2006

In this paper, a rule-based (transformation-based) NE recognition system is proposed. This system uses Brill's rule inference approach. The performance of the rule-based system and IdentiFinder, one of most successful stochastic systems, are compared. In the baseline case (no punctuation and no capitalisation), both systems show almost equal performance. They also have similar performance in the case of additional information such as punctuation, capitalisation and name lists. The performances of both systems degrade linearly with the number of speech recognition errors, and their rates of degradation are almost equal. These results show that automatic rule inference is a viable alternative to the HMM-based approach to NE recognition, but it retains the advantages of a rule-based approach.

• 비교문화연구
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• 제39권
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• pp.485-499
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• 2015

Initially, the word 'usage' in the rule of Korean orthography was used to indicate the whole grammatical knowledge to separate between stems and inflectional affixes and nominals and case markers. Nowadays the word 'usage' in the rule of Korean orthograph is understood to indicate both 'usage' as the principles of the orthographic rule and 'grammar.' Even though 'usage' and 'grammar' can be understood as two different words, the discrepancy between them is not clear. In fact, if examining the rule of Korean orthography, it is not difficult to find that the principles of the orthography is written based on the grammar rules. Thus, the original principle is damaged because the rule of Korean orthography depends on the grammar rules too much. In addition, the rule of Korean orthography forces to change the grammar rules when describing them. Incorrect description of the grammar rules often causes the spelling mistakes. Therefore, it is necessary to divide two areas such as 'usage' and 'grammar' when dealing with 'the orthographic rules' and describing them.

• International journal of advanced smart convergence
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.94-101
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• 2019

Building a stable knowledge base is an important issue in the application of knowledge engineering. In this paper, we present an algorithm for detecting and locating discrepancies in the line of the reasoning process especially when discrepancies occur on belief values. This includes backtracking the rule firing from a goal node of the rule network. Retracting a belief function allows the current belief state to move back to another belief state without the rule firing. It also gives an estimate, called contribution measure, of how much the rule has an impact on the current belief state. Examining the measure leads the expert to locate the possible cause of problem in the rule. For non-monotonic reasoning, the belief retraction method moves the belief state back to the previous state. A tracing algorithm is presented to identify and locate the cause of problem. This also gives repair suggestions for rule refinement.

• East Asian Economic Review
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.531-555
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• 2018

This article aims to review the monetary policy rule under inflation targeting framework focusing on Mongolia. The empirical analysis estimates the policy reaction function to see if the inflation targeting has been linked with a monetary policy rule emphasizing on inflation stabilization since its adoption in 2007. The study contributes to the literature by examining the linkage between Mongolian monetary policy rule and inflation targeting directly and thoroughly for the first time and also by taking into account a recent progress in the inflation targeting framework toward forward-looking mode. The main findings were: the Mongolian current monetary policy rule under inflation targeting is characterized as inflation-responsive rule with forward-looking manner (one quarter ahead); the inflation responsiveness is, however, weak enough to be pro-cyclical to inflation pressure; and the rule is also responsive to exchange rate due to the "fear of floating", which weakens the policy reaction to inflation and output gap.

• 한국안광학회지
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.71-76
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• 2001

본 연구는 연령과 난시축 변화 관계를 알아보기 위해 안과적 질환이 없는 굴절이상안 4277안을 대상으로 타각적, 자각적 굴절검사를 실시하였다. 그 결과 전체 굴절이상안 가운데 난시안은 76.5%로 나타났으며, 연령별로는 20대가 32.1%로 가장 높게, 50대 이상에서는 10.3%로 가장 낮게 나타났다. 난시안의 분포는 직난시 51.4%, 도난시 31.7%, 사난시 16.9%로 직난시 비율이 가장 높게 나타났다. 연령별 난시축의 분포에서 직난시 비율은 10대에서 68.3%로 가장 높았으며, 도난시 비율은 50대 이상에서 72.6%로 가장 놓게 나타났다. 30대에서는 직난시와 도난시의 비율이 비슷하였고, 30대를 기준으로 30대 이전에는 직난시의 비율이, 30대 이후에는 도난시의 비율이 높게 나타났다. 연령이 증가할수록 직난시는 감소하는 반면, 도난시는 증가는 경향을 나타냈는데 이는 젊었을 때의 직난시가 나이가 들면서 도난시로 변화되었다고 추정된다. 사난시는 연령 변화에 크게 영향을 받지 않는 것으로 조사되었다.

• 한국컴퓨터정보학회논문지
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.83-91
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• 2013

인간의 많은 작업이 컴퓨터를 이용하여 수행됨에 따라 HCI(Human-Computer Interaction)에 대한 연구가 활발히 진행되고 있다. HCI 연구의 한 가지 목표는 좀 더 일관성 있는 시스템의 설계를 제안하는 것이다. 사용자의 관점에서 일관성을 평가하기 위한 대표적인 인지모형으로 TAG(Task Action Grammar), GOMS(Goals - Operators - Methods - Selection Rule), 그리고 GTN(General Transition Network)이 있다. 이 중 TAG는 규칙스키마의 개수를 가지고 시스템의 일관성을 평가한다. 즉, 사용자가 시스템을 이용하여 작업을 할 때 익혀야 할 규칙스키마의 개수가 적으면 적을수록 그 시스템의 일관성은 높다는 것이다. 이 논문에서는 TAG에서 시스템의 일관성을 측정할 때 단순히 규칙스키마의 개수뿐만 아니라 규칙스키마 사이의 거리도 역시 중요한 고려 대상이 되어야 한다는 것을 보이고자 한다. 즉, 규칙스키마 사이의 거리가 짧으면 짧을수록 모든 규칙스키마를 습득하기가 쉬워질 것이다. 실험결과 이 가설은 확인되었다. 따라서 시스템을 설계할 때 규칙스키마의 개수뿐만 아니라 규칙스키마 사이의 거리도 고려되어야 할 것이다.

• 한국경영과학회지
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• 제30권2호
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• pp.185-199
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• 2005

With the growth of internet shopping malls, there is increasing interest in comparison shopping mall. However most comparison sites compare only book prices by collecting simple XML data and do not provide .the exact comparison Including precise shipping costs. Shipping costs vary depending on each customer's address, the delivery method, and the category of selected goods, so rule based system is required in order to calculate exact shipping costs. Therefore, we designed and implemented comparison shopping mall which compares not only book prices but also shipping costs using rule based inference. By adopting the extensible Rule Markup language (XRML) approach, we proposed the methodology of extracting delivery rules from Web pages of each shopping mall. The XRML approach can facilitate nearly automatic rule extraction from Web pages and consistency maintenance between Web pages and rule base. We developed a ConsiderD system which applies our rule acquisition methodology based on XRML. The objective of the ConsiderD system is to compare the exact total cost of books including the delivery cost over Amazon.com, BarnesandNoble.com, and Powells.com. With this prototype, we conducted an experiment to show the potential of automatic rule acquisition from Web pages and illustrate the effect of delivery cost.

• 한국인터넷방송통신학회논문지
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• 제10권5호
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• pp.161-166
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• 2010

기존의 OR 법칙은 각각의 2차 사용자가 검출한 결과 값을 퓨전센터에서 취합하여 1차 사용자의 존재 유무를 판단한다. 따라서 기존의 OR 법칙은 1차 사용자의 존재 유무를 판단하기 위해서 CR 네트워크 내에 존재하는 모든 2차 사용자로부터 검출 결과 값을 취합하여야 했다. 하지만 본 논문을 통해 제안하는 OR 법칙은 2차 사용자의 검출 결과 값에 따라 퓨전센터에서 취합하는 2차 사용자의 검출 결과 값의 수를 조절하여 2차 사용자의 전송 용량을 높일 수 있다. 그리고 본 논문을 통해 제안하는 OR 법칙의 시뮬레이션을 통해 기존의 OR 법칙과 제안하는 OR 법칙의 오 경보 확률, 미 검출 확률을 구하고 전송 용량을 구한다.