• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• v.36 no.5
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• pp.319-325
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• 2011

This study was conducted to figure out the diagnosis basis of cooling performance depending on water amount in the refrigerant of air conditioner, which can be estimated by the temperatures and pressures along the refrigerant circulation line. A car air conditioner of SONATA III (Hyundai motor Co., Korea) was tested at maximum cooling condition at the engine speed of 1500 rpm in the room controlled at 33~$35^{\circ}C$ air temperature and 55~57% relative humidity conditionally. Measured variables were temperature differences between inlet and outlet pipe surfaces of the compressor, condenser, receive drier and evaporator; and high pressure and low pressure in the refrigerant circulation line; and temperature difference between inlet and outlet air of the cooling vent of evaporator. In this study, changes of the water amount in the refrigerant were correlated to the temperatures and pressure changes and also water amount caused poor cooling performance. As water amount increased in the refrigerant in the air conditioner, the performance of the cooling or the heat transfer became worse. Temporal variations of the surface temperature of the evaporator outlet pipe and the low-side pressure showed various patterns that could estimate the water amount. When the water amount caused bad cooling performance, the patterns of the temperature of the evaporator outlet pipe indicated irregular fluctuation greater than $5^{\circ}C$. When the diagnosis system is using just external sensors of the low-side pressure and the temperatures of inlet and outlet air of cooling vent of the evaporator, the precise pattern of bad cooling performance caused by excess water amount in the cooling line was irregular pressure fluctuation, 25 kPa under 120 kPa, and temperature, $12^{\circ}C$ and less.

• Korean Journal of Materials Research
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.119-125
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• 1992

Oxygen segregation in horizontal-magnetic-field-applied Czochralski (HMCZ) silicon crystals has been studied as a function of magnetic field strength (B) and crucible rotation rate (C). Along the axis of 57mm din. <100> crystals grown under B=2, 3, 4 kG and C=4-15rpm, the oxygen distribution was usually saw-tooth shaped and fluctuated unevenly. Compared to the conventional CZ method, this result seems to indicate that the horizontal magnetic field, at levels used in the present experiment, had a destabilizing influence on oxygen transport to the growth interface. On the other hand, as C increased, the oxygen fluctuation lessened, and [0] increased overall. At B=2 kG, an oxygen profile in a level of 27-36 ppma was achieved by a programmed ramp of C. Oxygen precipitation behavior of the HMCZ silicon during a simulated device manufacturing process was compared and found to be inferior to that of typical CZ silicon. The uneven oxygen profile in the as-grown state was identified as the major source of poor precipitation uniformity in the HMCZ silicon.

• Journal of the Society of Naval Architects of Korea
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• v.54 no.2
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• pp.125-131
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• 2017

In order to develop test and performance analysis techniques for a CRP propulsion, a CRP dynamometer which can be installed inside the model ship was designed and manufactured. The object ship was the 16000TEU container carrier, which has test results for the single propeller. The design concept of the present CRP is that forward & after propellers have the same power ratio and their RPM ratio is 0.75:1. To begin with, we checked the performance of the CRP dynamometer through the calibration and then installed it inside the model ship. After the model ship setup including the design CRP and the rudder in the Large Cavitation Tunnel(LCT), a series of model tests composed of power ratio check, propeller behind wake(PBW) test, cavitation observation and pressure fluctuation tests was conducted. Through the model test and data analysis for CRP, the experimental technique was established and the improved method for CRP design was suggested.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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• v.2 no.6
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• pp.29-37
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• 1994

Active noise control of random noise which propatate in the vehicle cabin as a form of spherical wave is the target of this study. In the previous study, the adaptive algorithm for adaptive controller is presented for the application in active noise control system. And for the preliminary study of adaptive active noise control in vehicle cabin as a real system, a computer simulation is performed on the effectiveness of the adaptive algorithm in the amplitude of the pressure fluctuation. This work studies the implementation of multi-channel feedforward adaptive algorithm for the reduction of the noise inside a vehicle cabin using a number of secondary sources derived by adaptive filtering of reference noise source. Multi-channel adaptive feedforward algorithm are verified in numerical simulation and semi-experimental justification of developed system is made on a domestic passenger car. In the results of semi-experimental study, the noise of specific region in the interior of automobile are reduced for the appreciabe sound pressure level in the operating engine rpm and finally this study suggests the capabilities of the real time active noise control in 3 dimensional acoustic fields.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.124-132
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• 1991

This study was carried out to obtain the information needed in the development of forward speed control system and the improvement of combine performance. The effects of variety, grain moisture content and forward speed on the combine load characteristics were investigated through experiments. The results of this study are summarized as follows. 1. A data acquisition system was developed to measure the engine speed and the torques and speeds of the threshing cylinder, dean-grain auger and tailings-return auger. The system consisted of transducers, signal conditioner, interface board and microcomputer. The system accuracy is better than ${\pm}2.3%$ full scale. 2. Linear regression equations were obtained for the torque, speed and power requirement of threshing cylinder for different paddy varieties, grain moisture contents and feed rates. 3. The maximum value of relative frequency for threshing cylinder torque decreased as the increase in feed rate and moisture content. The range of torque fluctuation was 1.2~3.7 and 1.2~1.9 times the average and maximum torque, respectively. The maximum value of power spectrum density (PSD) appeared to be about 11 Hz regardless of paddy variety, grain moisture content and feed rate. 4. The speed of tailings return thrower decreased rapidly at below 900rpm, and it fell to near zero about 3 seconds after that time. When the travelling of combine harvester was stopped immediately after sensing the overload, it took about 7 seconds for a full recovery of the no-load speed of tailings return thrower.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Precision Engineering Conference
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• 2002.10a
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• pp.904-907
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• 2002

Optical disk drive device is improved in rotating speed for faster data reading. In the case of CD-ROM, rotating speed is over 10000 rpm in the practical use. As a result of high rotating speed, unexpected effects as like increasing disk fluctuation and acoustic noise are raised by the air friction on the rotating disk and the eccentricity of rotating parts. The overall acoustic noise of running CD-ROM could be classified into two different characterized noise. The first is the structural-borne noise which is generated from vibrating solid body. By the reason, the signal of structural borne noise has very similar to the signal of surface vibrating one. It has dense noise energy at specific frequency region. The other is the air-borne noise which is generated from turbulence or vortex caused by friction between disk and air. The signal of air-borne noise has no dominant peak point at acoustic pressure-frequency domain. The noise energy is widely distributed while comparatively high and large frequency region. The structural-borne noise could be reduced by reducing vibration of structure and in addition it's target reducing frequency is narrow. However the air-borne noise reduction is effectively needed of enclosing method for the noise source located near the disk surface because it is difficult to define target frequency point. In this study, the acoustic noise at driving CD-ROM is classified by the sides of it's character and tried to reduce the overall acoustic noise.

• Proceedings of the Korea Technical Association of the Pulp and Paper Industry Conference
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• 2001.04a
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• pp.81-81
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• 2001

초지 공정은 wire, roll, pump등의 회전체로 이루어진 공정이 거의 대부분이기 때문에 주기적으로 변동하는 성분들이 많고, QCS(Quality Control System) 및 DCS(Distributed Co n ntrol System)상에 서 의 자동 Control Logic에 의 한 불안정 (Fluctuation)요소도 내 재 되 어 있 어 이에 대한 분석이 필요하다. 이러한 주기적인 변동은 제품의 여러 물성(평량, 두께, 광택 도등) 에 영향을 미치게 되어 품질의 균일성이나 프로파일에 영향을 미치게 된다. 따라서 공정상이나 품질에서 주기적으로 변동하는 성분을 추출하여 공정 각 성분과 연관을 시키변 품질에 나타나는 주기적 성분의 요인이 어느 부분에서 기인하는 지를 직접적으로 찾아낼 수 있고 이의 개선을 통해 품질의 균일성 및 프로파일 향상을 꾀할 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 Air padded type 헤드박스 초지기에서 DAQ(Data Acquisition) System 을 이용하여 각 공정별로 MD(Machine Direction)방향으로의 변동을 측정하고 제품의 물성 변동과 비교하였다. DAQ System은 각 공정상의 전기적 신호를 높은 주파수 영역까지 다채널로 동시에 받 아 들일 수 있는 장치로 이 시스템을 활용하여 공정상의 Machine chest 농도, Stock box 유량 및 레벨, Fan pump RPM, Cleaner압력, Screen압력, H!B압력 및 레벨, Silo level등 공 정요소의 변동상태와 상호영향을 분석하였다. 이러한 공정 각 요소의 변동과 MD 방향의 제품 물성 값(Tapio, Paper Variation Analyzer에 대한 비교 분석결과 제품 평량에서 주기적인 변동성분을 확인할 수 있었고 이중 큰 비 중을 차지하는 것이 fνB 레벨 변동주기와 일치하는 것을 찾아낼 수 있었다. 이에 근거하여 D DCS system의 control 요소인 튜닝 parameter(P,I 값)들을 미 세 조정 하여 제 품의 MD방향 평량 변동 진폭을 기존 수준의 30% 수준으로 감소시킬 수 있었다. 그 결과 COV(표준편차/ 평량)값을 0.8-1.2%에서 0.6-0.8%수준으로 낮출 수 있었고 이에 따라 CD (Cross Direction) 방향의 제품 Profile도 함께 개선되는 효과를 거둘 수 있었다.