• Title/Summary/Keyword: rotary instruments

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Guidelines for dental clinic infection prevention during COVID-19 pandemic (코로나 바이러스 대유행에 따른 치과 의료 관리 가이드라인)

  • Kim, Jin
    • Journal of Korean Academy of Dental Administration
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    • v.8 no.1
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    • pp.1-7
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    • 2020
  • Dental settings have unique characteristics that warrant specific infection control considerations, including (1) prioritizing the most critical dental services and provide care in a way that minimizes harm to patients due to delayed care, or harm to personnel from potential exposure to persons infected with the COVID-19 disease, and (2) proactively communicate to both personnel and patients the need for them to stay at home if sick. For health care, an interim infection prevention and control recommendation (COVID-19) is recommended for patients suspected of having coronavirus or those whose status has been confirmed. SARS-CoV-2, which is the virus that causes COVID-19, is thought to be spread primarily between people who are in close contact with one another (within 6 feet) through respiratory droplets that are produced when an infected person coughs, sneezes, or talks. Airborne transmission from person-to-person over long distances is unlikely. However, COVID-19 is a new disease, and there remain uncertainties about its mode of spreads and the severity of illness it causes. The virus has been shown to persist in aerosols for several hours, and on some surfaces for days under laboratory conditions. COVID-19 may also be spread by people who are asymptomatic. The practice of dentistry involves the use of rotary dental and surgical instruments, such as handpieces or ultrasonic scalers, and air-water syringes. These instruments create a visible spray that can contain particle droplets of water, saliva, blood, microorganisms, and other debris. While KF 94 masks protect the mucous membranes of the mouth and nose from droplet spatter, they do not provide complete protection against the inhalation of airborne infectious agents. If the patient is afebrile (temperature <100.4°F)* and otherwise without symptoms consistent with COVID-19, then dental care may be provided using appropriate engineering and administrative controls, work practices, and infection control considerations. It is necessary to provide supplies for respiratory hygiene and cough etiquette, including alcohol-based hand rub (ABHR) with 60%~95% alcohol, tissues, and no-touch receptacles for disposal, at healthcare facility entrances, waiting rooms, and patient check-ins. There is also the need to install physical barriers (e.g., glass or plastic windows) in reception areas to limit close contact between triage personnel and potentially infectious patients. Ideally, dental treatment should be provided in individual rooms whenever possible, with a spacing of at least 6 feet between the patient chairs. Further, the use of easy-to-clean floor-to-ceiling barriers will enhance the effectiveness of portable HEPA air filtration systems. Before and after all patient contact, contact with potentially infectious material, and before putting on and after removing personal protective equipment, including gloves, hand hygiene after removal is particularly important to remove any pathogens that may have been transferred to the bare hands during the removal process. ABHR with 60~95% alcohol is to be used, or hands should be washed with soap and water for at least 20 s.

Incidence of apical crack formation and propagation during removal of root canal filling materials with different engine driven nickel-titanium instruments

  • Ozyurek, Taha;Tek, Vildan;Yilmaz, Koray;Uslu, Gulsah
    • Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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    • v.42 no.4
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    • pp.332-341
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    • 2017
  • Objectives: To determine the incidence of crack formation and propagation in apical root dentin after retreatment procedures performed using ProTaper Universal Retreatment (PTR), Mtwo-R, ProTaper Next (PTN), and Twisted File Adaptive (TFA) systems. Materials and Methods: The study consisted of 120 extracted mandibular premolars. One millimeter from the apex of each tooth was ground perpendicular to the long axis of the tooth, and the apical surface was polished. Twenty teeth served as the negative control group. One hundred teeth were prepared, obturated, and then divided into 5 retreatment groups. The retreatment procedures were performed using the following files: PTR, Mtwo-R, PTN, TFA, and hand files. After filling material removal, apical enlargement was done using apical size 0.50 mm ProTaper Universal (PTU), Mtwo, PTN, TFA, and hand files. Digital images of the apical root surfaces were recorded before preparation, after preparation, after obturation, after filling removal, and after apical enlargement using a stereomicroscope. The images were then inspected for the presence of new apical cracks and crack propagation. Data were analyzed with ${\chi}^2$ tests using SPSS 21.0 software. Results: New cracks and crack propagation occurred in all the experimental groups during the retreatment process. Nickel-titanium rotary file systems caused significantly more apical crack formation and propagation than the hand files. The PTU system caused significantly more apical cracks than the other groups after the apical enlargement stage. Conclusions: This study showed that retreatment procedures and apical enlargement after the use of retreatment files can cause crack formation and propagation in apical dentin.

MR Haptic Device for Integrated Control of Vehicle Comfort Systems (차량 편의장치 통합 조작을 위한 MR 햅틱 장치)

  • Han, Young-Min;Jang, Kuk-Cho
    • Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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    • v.8 no.12
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    • pp.291-298
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    • 2017
  • In recent years, the increase of secondary controls within vehicles requires a mechanism to integrate various controls into a single device. This paper presents control performance of an integrated magnetorheological (MR) haptic device which can adjust various in-vehicle comfort instruments. As a first step, the MR fluid-based haptic device capable of both rotary and push motions within a single device is devised as an integrated multi-functional instrument control device. Under consideration of the torque and force model of the proposed device, a magnetic circuit is designed. The proposed MR haptic device is then manufactured and its field-dependent torque and force are experimentally evaluated. Furthermore, an inverse model compensator is synthesized under basis of the Bingham model of the MR fluid and torque/force model of the device. Subsequently, haptic force-feedback maps considering in-vehicle comfort functions are constructed and interacts with the compensator to achieve a desired force-feedback. Control performances such as reflection force are experimentally evaluated for two specific comfort functions.

Performance analysis of the optical displacement sensor for accurate in-plane motion measurement (정확한 평면운동 측정을 위한 광 변위센서의 성능분석)

  • Kang, Hoon;Lee, Hunseok;Oh, Jin-Seok
    • Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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    • v.20 no.3
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    • pp.639-646
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    • 2016
  • In this study, the contactless measurement method with a optical displacement sensor(ODS, ADNS 9500) was proposed to overcome flaws in a rotary encoder based measurement under particular circumstances, such as a slippage and a case of little rotational inertia. The performance tests of the optical displacement sensor using data acquisition board and National Instruments's LabVIEW program were performed to accomplish accurate displacement measurements and the performance characteristics according to measurement direction, speed, acceleration, height and surface types were discovered through the repetitive tests. The experimental results indicate that, in order to get an accurate in-plane motion, the height(distance between the ODS and the target surface) has to be maintained at the range of 2.4 mm to 3.2 mm and the sensitivity(resolution) should be modified and applied to the formulae for displacement calculation, considering its measurement direction, speed and surface type.

Use of piezoelectric surgery and Er:YAG laser:which one is more effective during impacted third molar surgery?

  • Keyhan, Seied Omid;Fallahi, Hamid Reza;Cheshmi, Behzad;Mokhtari, Sajad;Zandian, Dana;Yousefi, Parisa
    • Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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    • v.41
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    • pp.29.1-29.10
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    • 2019
  • Background: Reduction in postoperative complications is of vital considerations in impacted third molar teeth surgery. The aim of this study was to compare postoperative complications of impacted third molar surgeries for bone removal using laser, piezoelectric equipment, and conventional rotary instruments. Methods: To address the research purpose, the investigator designed the prospective double-blind clinical trial study. The sample size was determined 20 (40 teeth) by sampling formula in any kind of operation. The data of patients were obtained in the different periods in terms of pain, trismus, swelling, ecchymosis, and patient's satisfaction and then analyzed using SPSS 20 software via paired t test and Wilcoxon and McNemar's tests. Results: The pain immediately after surgery and 2 days and 7 days after surgery was higher in the laser group. The swelling immediately after surgery was more in the laser group but not significant. The amount of mouth opening immediately after surgery and 2 days and 7 days after surgery was significantly lower in the laser group than in the piezosurgery group. The total duration of surgery and duration of osteotomy were significantly longer in the laser group. The patient's satisfaction from surgery with piezosurgery was more than that with laser, but this difference was not significant. Conclusion: Due to the rising demand for impacted wisdom tooth surgery, the present study suggests that hard tissue laser surgery and piezosurgery can clear the future of impacted molar surgery, and these approaches are more efficient in reducing postoperative complications compared to the conventional surgeries.

The effect of a diode laser and traditional irrigants on the bond strength of self-adhesive cement

  • Tuncdemir, Ali Riza;Yildirim, Cihan;Ozcan, Erhan;Polat, Serdar
    • The Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics
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    • v.5 no.4
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    • pp.457-463
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    • 2013
  • PURPOSE. The purpose of this study was to compare the effect of a diode laser and traditional irrigants on the bond strength of self-adhesive cement. MATERIALS AND METHODS. Fifty-five incisors extracted due to periodontal problems were used. All teeth were instrumented using a set of rotary root canal instruments. The post spaces were enlarged for a No.14 (diameter, 1.4 mm) Snowlight (Abrasive technology, OH, USA) glass fiber reinforced composite post with matching drill. The teeth were randomly divided into 5 experimental groups of 11 teeth each. The post spaces were treated with the followings: Group 1: 5 mL 0.9% physiological saline; Group 2: 5 mL 5.25% sodium hypochlorite; Group 3: 5 mL 17% ethylene diamine tetra acetic acid (EDTA), Group 4: 37% orthophosphoric acid and Group 5: Photodynamic diode laser irradiation for 1 minute after application of light-active dye solution. Snowlight posts were luted with self-adhesive resin cement. Each root was sectioned perpendicular to its long axis to create 1 mm thick specimens. The push-out bond strength test method was used to measure bond strength. One tooth from each group was processed for scanning electron microscopic analysis. RESULTS. Bond strength values were as follow: Group 1 = 4.15 MPa; Group 2 = 3.00 MPa; Group 3 = 4.45 MPa; Group 4 = 6.96 MPa; and Group 5 = 8.93 MPa. These values were analysed using one-way ANOVA and Tukey honestly significant difference test (P<.05). Significantly higher bond strength values were obtained with the diode laser and orthophosphoric acid (P<.05). There were no differences found between the other groups (P> .05). CONCLUSION. Orthophosphoric acid and EDTA were more effective methods for removing the smear layer than the diode laser. However, the diode laser and orthophosphoric acid were more effective at the cement dentin interface than the EDTA, Therefore, modifying the smear layer may be more effective when a self-adhesive system is used.

Leukocyte- and platelet-rich fibrin as an adjuvant to the surgical approach for osteoradionecrosis: a case report

  • Maluf, Gustavo;Caldas, Rogerio Jardim;Fregnani, Eduardo Rodrigues;da Silva Santos, Paulo Sergio
    • Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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    • v.46 no.2
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    • pp.150-154
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    • 2020
  • We present a case of osteoradionecrosis treated with leukocyte- and platelet-rich fibrin (LPRF) and surgery and followed up with clinical and tomographic investigations. A 65-year-old woman presented with pain in the posterior region of the right palate. Her medical history included cardiovascular disease and squamous cell carcinoma in the anterior region of the floor of the mouth that had been treated with intensity-modulated radiation therapy. Measurements of isodose curves showed a full dosage of 6,462.6 cGy in the anterior mandibular region, whereas that in the posterior region on the right side of the maxilla reached 5,708.1 cGy. Osteotomy was performed using rotary instruments, and debridement and placement of two LPRF membranes were also carried out. New gum tissue with no bone exposure was noted 14 days postoperatively. Tissue repair was complete, and the patient had no further complaints. During a 39-month follow-up period, the oral mucosa remained intact, and the patient was rehabilitated with a new upper denture. Since there is no consensus regarding the best protocol to treat osteoradionecrosis, LPRF might be an interesting adjuvant to a surgical approach. The use of LPRF is simple and reduces operational costs, time of handling, probability of technical failure, and associated morbidities for patients with osteoradionecrosis.

Reconstruction of Endodontically Treated Teeth using Post and Composite Resin in Three Cats (치아골절이 있는 고양이에서 근관치료 후 복합 레진과 포스트를 이용한 치아 재건술)

  • Heo, Su-Young;Kim, Nam-Soo
    • Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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    • v.30 no.5
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    • pp.380-383
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    • 2013
  • This clinical report describes the dental treatment of canine teeth fractures in three cats. These animals were diagnosed by oral examination and dental radiography as having fractured teeth with pulpal exposure. After endodontic treatment was completed, root canal filling material was removed from the coronal access and a trial post placement was performed. The post was permanently cemented after shortening. Teeth were etched and a bonded composite resin core formed and then shaped using rotary instruments. Fractured canine teeth were treated without any complications observed during a six-month follow-up period, proving that fractured cat canine teeth can be treated successfully with root canal therapy followed by restorative treatment with posts and composite resin.

A micro-computed tomographic evaluation of root canal filling with a single gutta-percha cone and calcium silicate sealer

  • Kim, Jong Cheon;Moe, Maung Maung Kyaw;Kim, Sung Kyo
    • Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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    • v.45 no.2
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    • pp.18.1-18.9
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    • 2020
  • Objectives: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the void of root canal filling over time when a calcium silicate sealer was used in the single gutta-percha cone technique. Materials and Methods: Twenty-four J-shaped simulated root canals and twenty-four palatal root canals from extracted human maxillary molars were instrumented with ProFile Ni-Ti rotary instruments up to size 35/0.06 or size 40/0.06, respectively. Half of the canals were filled with Endoseal MTA and the other half were with AH Plus Jet using the single gutta-percha cone technique. Immediately after and 4 weeks after the root canal filling, the samples were scanned using micro-computed tomography at a resolution of 12.8 ㎛. The scanned images were reconstructed using the NRecon software and the void percentages were calculated using the CTan software, and statistically analyzed by 1-way analysis of variance, paired t-test and Tukey post hoc test. Results: After 4 weeks, there were no significant changes in the void percentages at all levels in both material groups (p > 0.05), except at the apical level of the AH Plus Jet group (p < 0.05) in the simulated root canal showing more void percentage compared to other groups. Immediately after filling the extracted human root canals, the Endoseal MTA group showed significantly less void percentage compared to the AH Plus Jet group (p < 0.05). Conclusions: Under the limitations of this study, the Endoseal MTA does not seem to reduce the voids over time.

Shaping ability and apical debris extrusion after root canal preparation with rotary or reciprocating instruments: a micro-CT study

  • Emmanuel Joao Nogueira Leal da Silva;Sara Gomes de Moura;Carolina Oliveira de Lima;Ana Flavia Almeida Barbosa;Waleska Florentino Misael;Mariane Floriano Lopes Santos Lacerda;Luciana Moura Sassone
    • Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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    • v.46 no.2
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    • pp.16.1-16.11
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    • 2021
  • Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the shaping ability of the TruShape and Reciproc Blue systems and the apical extrusion of debris after root canal instrumentation. The ProTaper Universal system was used as a reference for comparison. Materials and Methods: Thirty-three mandibular premolars with a single canal were scanned using micro-computed tomography and were matched into 3 groups (n = 11) according to the instrumentation system: TruShape, Reciproc Blue and ProTaper Universal. The teeth were accessed and mounted in an apparatus with agarose gel, which simulated apical resistance provided by the periapical tissue and enabled the collection of apically extruded debris. During root canal preparation, 2.5% sodium hypochlorite was used as an irrigant. The samples were scanned again after instrumentation. The percentage of unprepared area, removed dentin, and volume of apically extruded debris were analyzed. The data were analyzed using 1-way analysis of variance and the Tukey test for multiple comparisons at a 5% significance level. Results: No significant differences in the percentage of unprepared area were observed among the systems (p > 0.05). ProTaper Universal presented a higher percentage of dentin removal than the TruShape and Reciproc Blue systems (p < 0.05). The systems produced similar volumes of apically extruded debris (p > 0.05). Conclusions: All systems caused apically extruded debris, without any significant differences among them. TruShape, Reciproc Blue, and ProTaper Universal presented similar percentages of unprepared area after root canal instrumentation; however, ProTaper Universal was associated with higher dentin removal than the other systems.