• 대한간호학회지
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• 제33권1호
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• pp.34-41
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• 2003

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to explore college women's views of women for forming an upright sex role identity and sex values. Method: The data were collected through in-depth interviews of 10 college women on Jeju Island from February 2002 to March 2002. The interviews were conducted by the writer of this thesis. Each interview lasted for about 45 minutes. The data were analyzed by the Giorgi method. Result: Five main meanings were identified: 1) unfairness 2) majesty 3) mothering 4) womenishness 5) backward in capacity. In other words, women's roles are to look after their family and to take care of household affairs. Women should be beautiful and have womenish traits. Women are less intelligent than men. Women are dependent on men though they suffer from unfairness. This study presents an evidence that the traditional sex-role attitudes still prevail. Conclusion: In order to form an upright sex role identity and sex values, institutional programs in the society and individual efforts are needed.

• 한국수학교육학회지시리즈E:수학교육논문집
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.265-276
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• 2004

In this study we in detail analyze Kolmogorov's viewpoint of mathematical abilities, and conclude that school geometry plays important role in developing and upbringing mathematical abilities. We discuss meanings of school geometry in gifted students education, and draw didactical principles concerned with gifted students education. We suggest some geometrical materials which aim for developing and upbringing mathematical abilities.

• 음성과학
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.59-68
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• 2002

This paper analyzes the prosodic features distinctively associated with Korean topic constructions (marked by nun or its variant un) and subject constructions (marked by ka or its variant i) as a way of explicating the role that prosody plays in differentially constituting their discourse messages. Using both spoken data elicited in controlled settings and spontaneous conversational data, an attempt is made to identify differentiating prosodic features and intonation contours associated with distinct meanings and functions of nun- and ka-constructions evoked in a variety of discourse contexts.

• 여성건강간호학회지
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.203-211
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• 2001

A women's meaning about labor and delivery may influence the process of childbirth and performance of the maternal role. Therefore, negative meaning about the birth experience may have a negative impact on the childrearing. The purpose of this study is to explore the meaning of labor and delivery for the strategies of nursing intervention in positive childbirth experience. The data were collected through the in-depth interviews of 10 nursing college women on Jeju Island from October 2000 to January 2001. The interviews were conducted by investigator in the class room after school hours. Each interview lasted for about 30 minutes on average. Subjects were interviewed one at a time. The interviews were recorded with the consent of the subject. The data were analyzed by means of Giorgi's phenomenological analysis methods and catagorized according to the similarities of its contents. The investigator read the data repeatedly to identify the themes and the main meanings. Eight main meanings were identified as follows : 1)pain 2) shame and disgust 3)load 4)naturality 5)unreality 6)happiness 7)anxiety 8)maturity. Under these main meanings there were seventeen themes. I. Pain : (a) It's too painful (b) I don't want to deliver II. Shame and Disgust : (a) I am shameful (b) I am hateful III. Load : (a) I don't feel free (b) I have responsibility IV. Naturality : (a) It's in order to obtain a child (b) It's natural for women (c) It's a destiny of women V. Unreality : I don't feel real VI. Happiness : (a) I am glad (b) I am happy (c) It's miraculous VII. Anxiety : (a) I am anxious (b) I am worried VIII. Maturity : (a) I understand parents (b) I feel great. The results of the study will provide basic data for positive childbirth experience.

• 디자인학연구
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.133-142
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• 1999

빛은 인간에게 모든 사물을 보게 하는 절대적인 요소이다. 특히 시각을 통하여 느끼고 시각적으로 표현하는 미술가에 있어서 그 중요함이란 더 말할 나위가 없을 것이다. 회화 사에 있어서나 인간생활에 있어서나 빛은 매우 중요한 의미를 가진다. 빛은 3차원적인 공간의 표현을 가능하게 할 뿐만 아니라 정신적, 심리적, 조형적 의미도 함께 지니며 현대에 와서는 빛 그 자체만으로도 회화상의 존재가치를 부여받고 있다. 일반적으로 회화에 있어서 빛의 연구와 색채 표현에 관한 접근은 어려운 것으로 간주되어 왔다. 색채 및 빛의 효과란 비단 가시적인 효과뿐만 아니라 심리적인 경험과 정신적 상징이 내포된 무의식의 존재로 이해되는 것으로서 주관적인 경우가 대부분이기 때문이다. 본 논문은 이처럼 인간의 역사나 미술사에서 언제나 부단한 관심의 대상이었던 빛이 과연 과거에 어떠한 방식으로 탐구되고 전개되었으며 현대에 와서 새롭게 조명될 수 있는 의미는 무엇인가를 분석한다. 그것을 바탕으로 빛의 효과가 동양회화와 르네상스, 바로크의 렘브란트, 그리고 인상파의 서양미술사를 중점으로 어떻게 전개되었으며 오늘날의 현대적 일러스트레이션에 적용되었는가를 조사하여 현대에 나타난 빛의 의미 등을 인식할 수 있는 새로운 계기를 제공한다.

• 인간식물환경학회지
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• 제24권6호
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• pp.685-691
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• 2021

Background and objective: Understanding abstract art as an art form requires depth of thought. Moreover, understanding land art as abstract art is challenging, given its focus on the minimalism and abstract concepts. Much focus, research, and work were actively conducted in the 1970s, as it represented an abstract expression of minimalism. The characteristics of minimalism connote abstract meanings in the use of materials. Nevertheless, the original research of works or artists has often been mentioned, but few studies have analyzed the abstract language of land art materials. The aim of this study is to thus determine the abstract meanings of materials in land art from the 1970s to the 2010s. Methods: Art-based research was employed to address the aim. This study classified the land art materials into intangible and tangible materials, where intangible materials focused on lines, circles, and labyrinths, and tangible materials focused on the earth, stones, wood, and snow. Results: Intangible and tangible materials of land art conveyed various abstract meanings. Intangible materials were reflective of connection and symbiosis with nature, delivering abstract languages of 'take-nothing,' 'reflection' and 'opportunity.' Tangible materials reflected the abstract concepts of 'intervention,' 'resistance,' 'unliving,' and 'change,' and conveyed caveats. In other words, taken together, intangible and tangible materials were presented in symbiosis-and with caveats-and delivered messages for the present and the future. Interestingly, intangible materials inherently reflect symbiosis and communicate caveats in works based on a non-contextualized present and future. Conclusion: Interpretation of the abstract languages derived from intangible and tangible materials could imply a symbiosis between humans and nature, while conveying the message that caveats, to humans, are still ongoing. This relationship plays a significant role in an artist's selection of a medium, which is reflective of abstract beliefs reflected in contemporary, nature-based works created on Earth.

• 성인간호학회지
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.46-57
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• 2014

Purpose: This study was to investigate the influence of male nurses' gender role conflict and job satisfaction on their organizational commitment. Methods: Data were collected through a mixed method design using structured questionnaires (N=162) and a sequential qualitative interviews (N=8) from 2nd October, 2012 to 7th February, 2013. Data analysis included t-test, ANOVA, regression with SPSS/WIN 19.0 program and a qualitative thematic analysis. Results: Factors affecting participants' organizational commitment were job satisfaction and marital status which accounted for 36.2% of the total variance. In particular, low job satisfaction was not correlated with low organizational commitment despite lower job satisfaction. Three main themes connoting meanings of ambivalence were extracted from the data: desiring for the better future in spite of the current difficulty, strengthening their masculinity in tandem with complementing femininity in the midst of gender role conflict, leading their organization at times, and enduring hard work with responsibility for raising their family as a head of household. Conclusion: The findings indicate that male nurses' adjustment to the organization is controlled by ambivalence. It is essential to understand sociocultural contexts of male nurses as a minority in nursing fields for further research.

• 한국정보과학회논문지:소프트웨어및응용
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• 제27권6호
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• pp.668-677
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• 2000

한국어는 격조사에 의해 구문 역할이 결정되고 하나의 조사가 여러 개의 의미를 가지는 특징이 있다. 특히, 부사격 조사는 그 의미의 다양성으로 인해서 한영 기계 번역에서의 조사 번역을 어렵게 만든다. 본 논문에서는 부사격 조사가 가질 수 있는 의미격을 24개의 클래스로 분류한 후, 50만 어절 크기의 말뭉치에서 추출한 학습 예제와 결정 트리 추론(decision tree induction)을 통해 부사격 조사의 의미격 결정 규칙을 학습하였다. 결정 트리 추론 시 나타날 수 있는 학습 예제의 부족 문제는 단어 클래스를 사용함으로써 해결하였다. 실험 결과, 6개의 부사격 조사에 대해서 평균적으로 76.2%의 정확도를 보였으며, 이는 가장 많이 나타나는 의미격을 부사격 조사의 의미격으로 결정하는 방법에 비해 26.0%의 정확도 향상을 의미한다.

• 한국보육지원학회지
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.101-128
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• 2015

본 연구는 자유선택활동의 의미와 자유선택활동 시간의 교사 역할에 대한 예비유아교사의 인식을 살펴보는데 목적을 두었다. 이를 위해 현재 유아교육과 3학년에 재학 중이며 보육실습에 참여한 학생 69명이 실습 중에 작성한 반성적 저널 및 은유하기와 이미지 그림, 면담 기록을 분석하였다. 연구 결과, 예비유아교사들이 인식한 자유선택활동의 의미는 '가슴 설레는 축제', '울타리 있는 놀이터', '배움을 찾아가는 여행'으로 요약될 수 있으며, 자유선택활동 시간 교사의 역할에 대한 인식은 '함께 하는 교사', '끌어주는 교사', '바로잡아주는 교사', '북돋아주는 교사'로 정리될 수 있다. 이러한 결과를 통해 예비유아교사들이 자유선택활동의 의미와 교사의 역할 수행에 대한 균형 잡힌 시각과 인식을 형성할 수 있도록 돕는 교육이 직전교육과정을 통해 체계적으로 이루어져야 할 필요가 있음을 알 수 있다.

• 영어어문교육
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.109-132
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• 2003

The purpose of the present study is to explore effective ways of teaching English grammar, which is geared toward improving students' communicative competence. Grammatical competence is essential to communicative competence. Grammatical knowledge cannot be acquired unconsciously in an EFL environment such as in Korea. Therefore learners should be given grammar instruction. More importantly, they should be instructed in grammar so that they can develop their grammatical abilities which are the foundation of communicative competence. The following is proposed for the grammar instruction placing the focus on improving communicative competence. First, it is effective to explain the form, meaning and pragmatics of a grammatical rule to learners in Korean. Second, learners should be given instruction in grammatical patterns that deals with constructions and meanings together, which can enable them to produce sentences by themselves. Third, it should be taught to understand constructions and meanings on the basis of word orders. Then the following steps of grammar instruction are suggested. In the first step of grammatical instruction, students should be provided with the illustrations of grammatical structures which link communicative functions and grammar. In the second step, learners should be gotten to practice grammatical constructions repeatedly enough to use them unconsciously. Lastly, communicative activities such as description and role plays should be included in grammar instruction to integrate grammar practice and communicative language use.