• Journal of the Korean Society of Industry Convergence
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• v.4 no.3
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• pp.339-347
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• 2001

Automatic automobile has been studied as the alternative energy system and the production flow automation device recently. But this is dependent on the import production, and its position cannot be controlled free from the fixed path. It is difficult to control the automobile position because of the eccentricity of inertia monent, slip and roughness between wheel and road surface. This problems is solved for the controller to be feedbacked the data of the multi-sensor system consisting of the rotary encoder and electronic compass. The proportional Integrated controller in the modified Ziegler-Nichols method is made up with Hitachi 7034 microprocessor. To the real time control the mechanical, electrical and electronic hardware and software device is produced by myself. The RF data of automobile speed and position is supplied to the remote PC to be displayed the automobile condition. By the experinent of the forward, spin, point path planning, it is known for autombile.

• Journal of Positioning, Navigation, and Timing
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.391-398
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• 2023

In this paper, we propose a Correction Dead Reckoning (CDR) solution using correction information such as Map Matching FeedBack (MMFB) in an underground parking lot. In order to correct position errors in an underground parking lot, vehicle position and heading errors are corrected using MMFB information in road link properties. The proposed method was applied to an in-vehicle navigation system and tested. The experimental results show that the proposed robust dead reckoning solution corrects Dead Reckoning (DR) position errors that occur when driving for a long time in an underground parking lot.

• The Transactions of The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers
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• v.60 no.10
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• pp.1915-1923
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• 2011

For automated guidance control of a magnetically guided-all wheel steered vehicle, it is necessary to have information about position and orientation of the vehicle, and deviations from the reference path in real time. The magnet reference system considered here consists of three magnetic sensors mounted on the vehicle and magnetic markers, which are non-equidistantly buried in the road. This paper presents an observer to estimate such position and orientation at the center of gravity of the vehicle. This algorithm is based on the simple kinematic model of vehicle and uses the data of wheel velocity, steering angle, and the discrete measurements of marker positions. Since this algorithm requires the exact values of initial states, we have also proposed an algorithm of determining the initial position and orientation from the 16 successive magnet pole data, which are given by the magnetic measurement system(MMS). The proposed algorithm is capable of continuing to estimate for the case that the magnetic sensor fail to measure up to three successive magnets. It is shown through experimental data that the proposed algorithm works well within permissible error range.

• Journal of Fisheries and Marine Sciences Education
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• v.28 no.6
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• pp.1695-1705
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• 2016

With the rapid development of global economic and trade, the ports in the North-east Asia region have developed greatly. In such a fierce competition, how to ascertain right evaluation methods to assess the competitiveness of the ports, and make scientific and rational development strategy for upgrading the overall level of competitiveness of ports in North-east Asia, has become the first task for all the ports for coping with the challenges. As China's sustained economic growth of more than 30 years, the economic power and comprehensive national strength has been changed, China's international status has been greatly improved. Also China has achieved remarkable new results in the construction of peripheral diplomacy, and further has consolidated the relationship of countries along the Silk Road Economic Belt. The strong position of RMB in foreign exchange market and the implementation of the strategy of "area" opening to the outside world accelerated economic belt along the silk road in China to the west open pace. On the basis of the SWOT analysis of the Lianyungang Port, combined with the comprehensive and practical port competitiveness evaluation indicators system and competitiveness evaluation method, calculate the competitiveness level of Lianyungang port in East China, and find out the problems must be solved. The development strategies for Lianyungang port under One Belt One Road were suggested.

• 전자공학회논문지 IE
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• v.44 no.1
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• pp.27-32
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• 2007

This study was to suggest the predictive model of propagation, considering the effect by the multipath waves produced by the sending and receiving vehicles' left/right reflectors and the adjacent vehicles when the communication between the vehicles on the one-way two-lanes road in the urban city with a lot of traffic jams. Then, the radius of curved road was 600[m], the length of curved roads $52.4\sim471.2[m]$, and the bridge's pier of road was $5o\sim45o$. Also, it was simulated by changing the receiving vehicle located on the curved road's gap from minimum 3.3[m] to maximum 29.5[m], corresponding to the change of distance of the bridge's pier of road and curved road. As a result of this research above, in case of $5o\sim15o$ bridge's pier of road, it was within l[dB] regardless of the receiving vehicle's position on the curved road in case of propagation path loss. In case of $15o\sim45o$, it was approximately $1\sim8[dB]$ as the bridge's pier of road is changed. And, in case of propagation path, it found out that it was changed to $0.4\sim120[m]$ according to the change of bridge's pier of road. Then, the delay time of propagation was 400[nsec] as it produced 120[m] in the difference of propagation path.

• The Journal of the Institute of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.20 no.6
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• pp.101-107
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• 2020

Road surface measurement is an essential process for quantifying the degree and displacement of roughness in road surface management. For safer road surface management and quick maintenance, it is important to accurately measure the road surface while mounted on a vehicle. In this paper, we propose a sophisticated road surface measurement system that can be measured on a moving vehicle. The proposed road surface measurement system supports more accurate measurement of the road surface by using a high-performance line laser sensor. It is also possible to measure the transverse and longitudinal profile by matching the position information acquired from the RTK, and the velocity adaptive update algorithm allows a manager to monitor in a real-time manner. In order to evaluate the proposed system, the Gocator laser sensor, MRP module, and NVIDIA Xavier processor were mounted on a test mobile and tested on the road surface. Our evaluation results demonstrate that our system measures accurate profile base on the MSE. Our proposed system can be used not only for evaluating the condition of roads but also for evaluating the impact of adjacent excavation.

• International Journal of Highway Engineering
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• v.14 no.6
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• pp.25-35
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• 2012

PURPOSES : Hollows are easily made, and bearing capacity can be lowered near underground structures because sublayers of pavement settle for a long time due to difficult compaction at the position. If loadings are applied in this condition, distresses may occur in pavement and, as the result, its lifespan can decrease due to the stress larger than that expected in design phase. Although reinforced slab is installed on side of box culvert to minimize the distresses, length of the reinforced slab is fixed as 6m in Korea without any theoretical consideration. The purpose of this paper is investigating the behavior of concrete pavement according to the cover depth of the box culvert ad the length of the reinforced slab. METHODS : The distresses of concrete pavement slabs were investigated and cover depth was surveyed at position where the box culverts were located in expressways. The concrete pavements including the box culverts were modeled by finite element method and their behaviors according to the soil cover depth were analyzed. Wheel loading was applied after considering self weight of the pavement and temperature gradient of the concrete pavement slab at Yeojoo, Gyeonggi where a test road was located. After installing pavement joint at various positions, behavior of the pavement was analyzed by changing the soil cover depth and length of the reinforced slab. RESULTS : As the result, the tensile stress developed in the pavement slab according to the joint position, cover depth, and reinforced slab length was figured out. CONCLUSIONS : More reasonable and economic design of the concrete pavement including the box culvert is expected by the research results.

• Journal of the Institute of Convergence Signal Processing
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• v.6 no.4
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• pp.182-190
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• 2005

In the paper, we propose an intelligent automatic parking assist system. To realize an automatic parking, first, the prospective parking position and the location of a vehicle should be recognized. Second, the system should compute a path which introduces the parking position precisely with avoiding any obstacles. Third, the handle should be controlled so that the vehicle moves through the path. To calculate the location of the vehicle and its surroundings, the system applies the camera image method to transforming input images to the plane map. It also uses the inertial navigation method which recognizes the position and the direction of a moving vehicle by using a kinematic model of the vehicle. To generate a path of the vehicle, the simple path method and the Bezier spline method are tested. The divided arc method which generates multiple paths is also tested. We apply a method which makes the system choose the best path with multiple objective functions. We introduce the virtual road method, as a solution for the problem of mechanical time delay, to have the vehicle followed the designated path.

• Journal of Korean Society of Industrial and Systems Engineering
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• v.34 no.4
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• pp.35-41
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• 2011

The purpose of this study was to examine drivers' driving behaviors and eye-movements according to driving speed and navigation- position while operation of the navigation in driving. For this purpose, two driving conditions (low-speed and high-speed) and two navigation-positions (top and bottom location of the center console) were set. Drivers' driving behaviors (speed, speed variation, coefficient of variation, and the number of collisions) and eye-movements (overall eye pattern, the average scanning time of navigation, and the number of gaze-out on the road for more 2 seconds) were measured. As a result, when the navigation was located at the bottom of the console, difficulties of lateral control was appeared in low-speed driving condition, and the that of longitudinal control was appeared in high-speed driving condition. In addition, above situation made the drivers' scanning times of navigation long, increased the number of gaze-out on the road for more 2 seconds, and made overall eye pattern monotonous. These results could be interpreted that the manipulation of the navigation at the bottom of console cause reduced attention capacity due to the cognitive load.

• Journal of Astronomy and Space Sciences
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.351-366
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• 2002

In this study, we developed low cost INS and (D)GPS integration for continuous attitude and position and utilized it for the determination of exterior orientation parameters of image sensors which are equipped in 4S-Van. During initial alignment process, the heading information was extracted from twin GPS and fine alignment with Kalman filter was performed for the determination of roll and pitch. Simulation and van test were performed for the performance analysis. Based on simulation result, roll and pitch error is around 0.01-0.03 degrees and yaw error around 0.1 degrees. Based on van test, position error in linear road is around 10 cm and curve around 1 m. Using direct georeferencing method, the image sensor's orientation and position information can be acquired directly from (D)GPS/INS integration. 4S-Van achieved 3D spatial data using (D)GPS/INS and image data can be applied to the spatial data integration and application such as contemporary digital map update, road facility management and Video GIS DB.