• Journal of Korean Society on Water Environment
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.55-65
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• 2013

It is very difficult to apply stream flow data directly to the management of Total Maximum Daily Loads because there are some differences between the unit watershed and the stream flow monitoring network in their characteristics such as monitoring locations and its intervals. Flow duration curve can be developed by linking the daily flow data of stream monitoring network to 8 day interval flow data of the unit watershed. This study investigated the current operating conditions of the stream flow monitoring network and the flow relationships between the unit watershed and the stream flow monitoring network. Criteria such as missing and zero value data, and correlation coefficients were applied to select the stream flow reference sites. The reference sites were selected in 112 areas out of 142 unit watersheds in 4 river basins, where the stream flow observations were carried out in relatively normal operating conditions. These reference sites could be utilized in various ways such as flow variation analysis, flow duration curve development and so on for the management of Total Maximum Daily Loads.

• Water Engineering Research
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• v.1 no.3
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• pp.223-231
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• 2000

The purpose of this study is the development of a system for estimating non-point sources pollutant loads from a watershed, which enables users to get insights of pollutant load distribution in the watershed during rain as well. Based on the Geographic Information System, this non-point source pollutant loading estimation system(NSPLES) consists of three distinct models such as a distributed rainfall-runoff model, a soil loss and delivery model, and a non-point source pollutant model. It also includes GIS modules for preprocessing the input data for the models and graphical postprocessing of the model outputs. The system output aren't only the hydrograph, sedimentograph, and pollutograph at the watershed outlet, but also various maps that show the distribution of soil loss over the watershed. The developed system was applied to the two upper stream areas of Sumjin river basin, Ssangchi and Gwanchon basins, and three rainfall events for respective subbasins during 1992 and 1998 were selected for the system application. The results of this showed relatively higher corelation between observed data and simulated data, and proved the applicability of the system.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2004.05b
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• pp.1223-1227
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• 2004

강수량의 대부분이 여름철에 집중적으로 내리는 우리나라의 경우 경제기반에 필요한 용수 확보를 위한 댐 수위 조절 등의 수자원 관리를 위해서는 강수량의 장기예측이 매우 중요하다. 그러나 장기예측에 앞서 강수량의 기후 특성 분석은 예측을 위한 기반 자료로서 필요하다. 따라서 한반도 기상 관측소 자료로부터 1954년부터 2002년 49년동안 한강과 낙동강 유역의 유역평균 월강수량의 기후특성을 분석하였다. 유역평균 월강수량은 Thiessen 가중법을 사용하여 산출되었으며, 4월 유역평균 강수량은 감소 경향이 뚜렷하고, 8월 유역평균 강수량은 증가 경향이 매우 뚜렷하였다. 또한 두 유역에 있어서 1970년 중반에 유역평균 월강수량의 변동에 변화가 나타났다. NINO3 지수와 한강과 낙동강 유역평균 월강수량 편차와의 동시상관관계에서 유역평균 9월 강수량은 NINO3 지수와 지속적인 음의 상관을 보였고, 11월 유역평균 강수량과는 양의 상관이 크게 나타났다. 우기 동안 한강 유역평균 월강수량의 극한 사상의 종관 특성 분석을 위한 합성도에서 다우해(above normal year)인 경우에는 주로 대륙에 1000 hPa 고도의 음의 편차, 해양에 양의 편차의 중심이 놓여 있어 다우 시기는 북태평양 고기압의 강화와 관련됨을 알 수 있었다. 또한 8월 유역평균 강수량은 한반도 상공의 제트 강화와 관련되어 있었으며, 9월 유역평균 강수량의 경우에는 제트 출구의 북쪽에서의 양의 편차, 남쪽에서의 음의 편차 및 하층 바람장의 수렴과 관련되어 나타났다.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2007.05a
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• pp.1412-1417
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• 2007

국내에서는 빈약한 홍수량 자료로 인해 일반적으로 설계호우의 개념과 강우-유출해석을 통해 설계홍수량을 추정하여 이용하고 있다. 그러나 강수량 자료를 이용하여 강우-유출해석에 의해 유출량을 산정함으로써 설계홍수량을 추정하는 방법은 분석과정에서 불확실성이 높다는 문제점이 있다. 따라서 강우-유출해석의 정확성을 높이기 위해 설계자의 주관성을 배제한 객관적인 입력변수 추정방법이 필요하다고 할 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 강우-유출해석을 수행하는 대신 지형인자와 기후인자로만 단위유량도 유도가 가능한 GcIUH(지형기후학적 순간단위도)를 국내 유역에 적용하고자 한다. 이를 위해 국립국토지리원에서 제공하는 1:25,000 유역도에서 추출된 최고차 하천의 길이 $L_{\Omega}$와 길이비 $R_L$를 산정하였다. GIS와 유역도로부터 산정된 각각의 $L_{\Omega}$와 $R_L$를 이용하여 지점별 단위도를 각각 유도하고, 유도된 단위도로부터 유출수문곡선을 계산하였다. 실제 지형도에 의해 산정된 GcIUH와 유역면적, 유역평균경사별 첨두유량, 그리고 첨두시간의 상관성을 비교 검토한 결과, 유역평균경사별 첨두유량이 상관성이 높게 나타났으며, 첨두시간은 유역면적이나 유역평균경사에 상관없이 비교적 정확하게 실측치와 일치하였다. 본 연구에서는 유역평균경사별 첨두유량의 상관성을 분석하여 GcIUH의 보정계수인 a를 도입하여, a 값을 유역평균경사별로 제시하였다.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.11 no.1 s.22
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• pp.71-76
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• 2005

The purpose if the study is to apply GIS technique to sample area, Choensoo-Bay basin for an efficient and practical coastal zone management if pollution control. The basins, Unit if pollution control, are selected with qualitative analysis using DEM after considered river length, degree and area of basin through channel network analysis. Choensoo-Bay basin is divided with 6 zones to 33 subordinate zones. It is found to be a big difference of pollutant loads in each zone. The pollutant loads use to review for efficient zoning. And also the result apply to measurement of water quality and building for environmental infrastructure.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Clinical Toxicology
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.46-48
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• 2013

Potamotrygon motoro, also known as the Marble motoro, is a potamodromous freshwater ray native to the basins of the Amazon River. Marble motoros were introduced to South Korea in the 2000s, and, because they are easy to raise, were sold as aquarium fish. The aim of this report is to illustrate a new case involving envenomation by a Marble motoro. A 35-year-old commercial aquarium assistant came to the hospital after being pricked by a Marble motoro. The clinical picture in this case showed acute local pain with minimal systemic manifestations. This patient recovered after receiving symptomatic treatment and wound care. This case of envenomation accentuates the potential for injury among people coming in contact with a venomous Marble motoro.

• Magazine of the Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.30-38
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• 1987

Because the development of Korea's water resources will reach its limit in the near future, preparations should now be begun to deal with problems that may come as a result. It will be too late to start preparations when the water resources have already reach their limitation and, as the preparations cannot be done in a day, it will take a long time to provide them. Now is the great turning point to accumulate our technical experiences and attain our plans gradually. The preparations against this are summarized as follows; 1)The transitory use of water should be turn into the recurrent use for the future. 2)A cooperative water control system of an area should be arranged. 3)Water saving, control of water demand, and the multiple use of water should be encouraged. To do this effectively, people should be informed of the value and rarity of water. 4)The development of freshwater reserviors at estuaries is closely related to the development of water utilization in the whole river basin. The development of water resources by the construction of freshwater reservoirs at the estuaries should be started, when the development of upstream water resources reaches their limitation. 5)The existing water utilization structures should be reorganized by water resources exchange planning, so the effective use of water in large areas be attained.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.21 no.10
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• pp.1171-1179
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• 2012

Headwaters initiate material export to downstream environments. A nested headwater study examined the flux of dissolved constituents and water from a perennial stream and four ephemeral/intermittent streams in the Upper Gulf Coastal Plain of Mississippi. Water was collected during storm and baseflow conditions. Multiple linear regression was used to model constituent concentration and calculate flux. Event was the major source of water discharged from the ephemeral and intermittent streams however, baseflow was the major source for water discharged by the perennial stream during events. The perennial stream had an area weighted average yields of 10.1, 0.01, 1.03, 0.65 kg/ha/yr of DON (dissolved organic nitrogen), $NO_3^-$-N, $NH_4^+$-N and $PO_4^{-3}$, respectively while large variabilities existed between the ephemeral and intermittent streams. These findings highlight the importance of headwaters in protecting the low order drainage basins as a key to water quality within perennial streams.

• Journal of the Korean Solar Energy Society
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• v.38 no.4
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• pp.43-54
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• 2018

In this study, we assessed dependency of small hydropower potentials on the two different runoff such as the estimated runoff based on the rainfall amounts and measured runoff. The hydpropower potentials were evaluated using actural power generations taken from Deoksong, Hanseok, and Socheon small hydropower plants over Han and Nakdong river basins, respectively. As a result of comparing the actual power generation amount with the potential amount based on the rainfall amount and the estimated amount based on the observed flow amount by each small hydroelectric power plant, the degree of latent small hydro energy by the observed flow was confirmed to be high. It is confirmed that the potential hydroelectric power generation rate is estimated to be about average 30%Point higher than the actual generation amount as a result of the measured flow rate rather than using the rainfall amount. Based on this, a method for improving the degree of the actual generation amount is proposed.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2010.05a
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• pp.47-51
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• 2010

본 연구의 목적은 기후변화에 따른 홍수 취약성 평가 방법을 제안하고 미래 기후시나리오를 이용하여 국내 5대강 유역에 대해 홍수취약지역을 시 공간적으로 평가하는 데에 있다. 이에 현 기후상태의 홍수 취약성을 평가하고자 유역의 지형, 인문 사회 정보를 수집하였으며, 관측 기상, 수문자료와 수문모형 모의로부터 유역평균강수량 및 유역별 유출량을 산정하였다. 이상의 자료를 토대로 홍수와 관련된 취약성 지표를 선정 및 산정하여 현재 기후상태(1971~2000년)에서의 홍수취약성을 평가하였다. 또한 기후변화 영향을 고려하기 위해 3개의 온실가스배출시나리오를 기반으로 생산된 13GCMs 별 미래 기후시나리오 자료를 수집하였으며, 3개의 유출모형에 적용, 다수의 유출시나리오를 생산하여 현재 기후상태(1971~2000년) 대비 미래 세기간 S1(2011~2040년), S2(2041~2070년), S3(2071~2100년)의 홍수 취약성을 평가하였다. 현재 기후상태에 따른 홍수취약지역을 평가한 결과 대체로 한강 중 하류지역과 영 섬강 하류 지역에서 높게 나타났으며, 낙동강 중 상류유역은 상대적으로 낮은 것으로 나타났다. 또한 기후변화시나리오를 적용할 경우 취약지역의 공간적인 분포는 기준기간과 유사했으나, 대부분의 유역에서 심도는 증가할 것으로 나타났다. 특히 낙동강 권역에서 가장 크게 변할 것으로 분석되었는데 이는 하천의 적응능력이 작아 상대적으로 기상 수문지표의 변화에 더욱 민감하게 반응하는 것으로 판단된다.