• Journal of the Korean association of regional geographers
• /
• v.22 no.1
• /
• pp.225-239
• /
• 2016

The Jeogchung Chogye Basin shows perfect basin formation surrounded with divides, excluding outlet where Sannae River combining various small rivers escapes the basin. High mountains distribute at southwestern, southern and southeastern divides of the basin consisting of hornfels, while hilly mountains are found at northern divide consisting of sedimentary rock. Alluvial fans and flood plains occupy bottom of the basin. While extensive alluvial fans are found at the front of southern divide where rivers with large drainage areas rise, alluvial fans toward eastern and western divides become small due to low elevation of divides. Flood deposits by Hwang River are attributed to development for most of flood plains at northern part of the basin. The basin seems to be developed not by differential erosion or meteorite impact, but by bedrock weathering along lineament or fault lines by ground motion.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
• /
• v.26 no.4
• /
• pp.395-399
• /
• 2009

Radiotelemetry device was surgically implanted in the abdomen of a Eurasian river otter (Lutra lutra). Behaviors of the otter, hospitalized after surgical implantation were also observed. The surgical techniques involved an incision in the paralumbar fossa to introduce a radiotelemetry device into the abdominal cavity. Thirteen behaviors of the otter during hospitalization following abdominal surgery were observed and the time budget of each behavior and the times at which each behavior seems to appear most frequently were measured. This report could provide surgical techniques involving intra-abdominal implantation in otter and basic information associated with otter's behaviors during hospitalization.

• Journal of Korean Society on Water Environment
• /
• v.26 no.5
• /
• pp.822-833
• /
• 2010

Temperature increase due to climate changes causes change of water temperature in rivers which results in change of water quality etc. and the change of river ecosystem has a great impact on human life. Analyzing the impact of current climate changes on air and water temperature is an important thing in adapting to the climate changes. This study examined the effect of climate changes through analyzing air temperature trend for Nakdong river basin and analyzed the elasticity of air-water temperature to understand the effect of climate changes on water temperature. For analysis air temperature trend, collecting air temperature data from the National Weather Service on main points in Nakdong river basin, and resampling them at the units of year, season and month, used as data for air temperature trend analysis. Analyzing for elasticity of air-water temperature, the data were collected by the Water Environment Information system for water temperature, while air temperature data were collected at the National Weather Service point nearest in the water temperature point. And using the results of trend analysis and elasticity analysis, the effect of climate changes on water temperature was examined estimating future water temperature in 20 years and 50 years after. It is judged that analysis on mutual impact between factors such as heat budget, precipitation and evapotranspiration on river water temperature affected by climate changes and river water temperature is necessary.

• Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers
• /
• v.32 no.6
• /
• pp.615-624
• /
• 2010

The aims of this study were to investigate and confirm the occurrence and distribution patterns of synthetic musk compounds (SMCs) in Nakdong river basin (mainstream and its tributaries). 4 (HHCB, AHTN, AHMI and ADBI) out of 6 polycyclic musk compounds (PMCs) and 1 (musk xylene, MX) out of 5 nitro musk compounds (NMCs) were detected in 29 sampling sites and HHCB (>50%) was predominant compound followed by musk ketone (MK) and AHTN. The total concentration levels of SMCs on February 2009 and on September 2009 in surface water samples ranged from N.D. to 2147 ng/L and N.D. to 1386 ng/L, respectively. The highest concentration level of SMCs in the mainstream and tributaries in Nakdong river were Goryeong and Jincheon-cheon, respectively. The sewage treatment plants (STPs) along the river affect the SMCs levels in river and the SMCs levels decreased with downstream because of dilution effects.

• Journal of the Korean association of regional geographers
• /
• v.8 no.4
• /
• pp.451-467
• /
• 2002

The Yeongsan River is one of major rivers in South Korea, and its basin is one of core areas that produce foods for the nation. The Yeongsan River Basin has flood plain and hill areas well developed, and areas surrounding the Yeongsan Lake has a tidal mud-plat widely dispersed. The flood plains are called 'Deul'. In particular, at the upstream of 'Mulmok' with a narrow valley are widely spread flood plain. The flood plains were developed into rice paddies until the end of Joseon Dynasty. Local core cities were created against these agricultural lands. Hills are called 'Deung', 'Kkageum' and 'Yasan' and in particular, are widely distributed in Naju City and Yeongam County. Forest land on hill began to be seriously developed into agricultural land from the 1960s, and this development is being pursued even today. Much fanning are conducted in the form of leased fanning by outside people. Tidal mud-plats were widely distributed along the downstream of the Yeongsan River, Namhae Bay. Tidal mud-plat is called 'BBeolbat' and tidal channel is called 'Gaeong.' After the estuary dyke of the Yeongsan River was built in 1981, the tidal mud-plat was developed into agricultural land in large-scale reclamation projects, and changed into 'Yeongsan Plains,' With the appearance of new plains, locals' life fundamentally changed, turning all villages into pure farm villages.

• Water Engineering Research
• /
• v.1 no.4
• /
• pp.299-307
• /
• 2000

The method for estimating the minimum instream flows required for the riverline aesthetics, proposed by the Kim et al.(1996), has been applied to the main channel reach of the Keum river basin in Korea. To determine the minimum instream flows for eight main reaches at Keum river basin, six representative stations have been selected. This paper provides an analysis of influence on the riverline aesthetics, which is affected by change of physical components of river, by using the survey-based quantification method. The developed questionnaire based on the literature, and submitted to the 326 people who visited an each representative station. This surveying had been implemented in three times at each representative station and we had been selected a different flowrate at each implementation. The results of this analysis and survey have produced the relationship between the variation of physical components and riverline aesthetics. Survey results bout the flow comparison are summarized as follows. At the view of riverline aesthetics, most of the respondents re sensitive at the change of the flow velocity and they prefer high water level to low water level. Moreover whole respondents prefer to abundant stream flows and moderate flow velocity. The minimum flows for riverline aesthetics is estimated at each representative station by using the survey-based quantification method and the estimated results of some representative station are greater than mean monthly flow at each station. The result of the analysis appears that establishing minimum instream flows for riverline aesthetics is not only a technical problem but a legal problem. Therefore in the case of establishing the instream flows in the river, the estimated results have to be considered as relative standard.

• Proceedings of the Korea Committee for Ocean Resources and Engineering Conference
• /
• 2002.10a
• /
• pp.100-107
• /
• 2002

This study investigates the seasonal variation and spatial distribution characteristics of pollutant load, as executing the quantity valuation of pollutant load inflowing into Yeong-Il bay from on-land including the Hyeong-san river. Annual total pollutant generating rate from Yeong-Il bay region are 202ton to BOD, 620ton to SS, 42ton to T-N, 16ton to T-P respectively, if expressly point out, pollutant generating rate from the Hyeong-san river is the greatest, which BOD ratio is 78.2%, SS 88.5%, T-N 62.5%, T-P 73.1%. As calculating Tank model with input value of daily precipitation and evaporation of 2001 year in drainage basin of the Hyeong-san river, Estimated result of the annual total river discharge effluencing from this river is $830{\times}106m^3$. As result to estimating annual total effluence rate outflowing at the rivers from each drainage basins, annual total inflow pollutant rate are BOD 10,633ton, SS 19,302ton, T-N 15,369ton, T-P 305ton. The III basin which is population congestion region of the Pohang-city drain away a good many pollutant load than the V basin including the Neang-Chun with wide drainage area. Especially, a great many T-N than T-P inflow into Yeong-Il bay. The accumulation of pollutant load effluenced from on-land will happen on at the inner coast region of Yeong-Il bay, finally we would make a prediction that the water quality will take a bad turn.

• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
• /
• v.41 no.10
• /
• pp.1067-1077
• /
• 2008

An understanding of temporal trends of stream flows can help in the river management and the water resources planning for natural circumstances and human communities. Changes in temperature, precipitation, flow, and land use (agriculture, flood prevention activities, reservoir operation, interbasin diversion, etc.) are all eventually reflected in the flow pattern of the river. An assumption that the stationarity of the hydrologic series implying time-invariant characteristics of the time series accepted in water structure designs can no longer be valid if the flow changes as a result of the climate change or the stream flow use. Therefore, the identification and description of the characteristics of changes in hydrologic time series is a very important task in the river basin management. In this study, the statistical tests on the flow change forced by excess water diversions in the Sumjin River basin were performed by ways of single variable and time series variable comparisons. The tests showed that currently the Sumjin River basin statistically keeps its homogeneity in annual streamflow series, but the changed situation has been appeared in dry season streamflow series.

• Water for future
• /
• v.17 no.1
• /
• pp.3-8
• /
• 1984

• Journal of Korean Society on Water Environment
• /
• v.23 no.6
• /
• pp.889-896
• /
• 2007

From the direct outflow of Chungju Dam to the junction of water body and watershed in Paldang lake is the scope of this research. This study performed to investigate the main cause of water quality deterioration and the influenced region in the middle field range of the Namhan river Basin with the onsite measurement of water quality and flow rate simultaneously during spring dry season. The purpose of this study is to find out the time-spatial variation characteristics of water quality and flow rate. Following the flow direction $BOD_5$ and $COD_{Mn}$ concentration increased to the highest value of 3.7 mg/L, 5.9 mg/L at Wolgesa respectively. Chl.a concentration increased to $50mg/m^3$ or so at Kangsang, after that it decreased to $37mg/m^3$ at the junction of Paldang lake. Organic matter concentration variation trend showed similar than that of Chl.a. Also $BOD_5$ concentration tendency was similar to Chl.a in every measuring sites except Paldang lake mixing zone. The major factors of water quality deterioration in Namhan river and Paldang lake during dry season were algal bloom and followed internal production. High phosphorus load from Dalcheon and Seom river caused dry season algal bloom and internal production in transitional zone which was stagnant area in downstream of Namhan river.