• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.150-154
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• 1980

한국에서 생산된 녹두의 성숙 중에 아미노산의 변화를 구명하기 위하여 개화 후 10일, 15일 20 일, 25일과 30일의 5단계로 취하여 분석한 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1) 초기에 검출된 아미노산은 histidine, arginine, cystine, aspartic acid, threonine(Serine 포함), glutamic acid와 valine이었고 methionine sulfoxide와 methionine sulfone도 나타났다. 2) 15일에는 초기의 것에 glycine, isoleucine, tyrosine, phenylalanine과 methionine의 5종(種)이 더 검출되었으며, methionine sulfoxide와 methionine sulfone의 양이 감소하면서 methionine이 나타났다. 3) 중기에 leucine이 나타났고 성숙하면서 약간의 증가를 보였고 25일 이후에는 methionine sulfoxide와 methionine sulfone이 검출되지 않는 대신 methionine 앙이 증가하였다. 4) 개화 20일 이후의 아미노산은 완숙기까지 계속 존재하였고 증가된 아미노산은 leucine, valine, isoleucine과 methionine이었으며, 그 외 대부분은 감소 또는 그대로 남았다.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제33권4호
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• pp.336-342
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• 1988

생장억제제인 paclobutrazol의 처리시기가 출수후 수도 품종 섬진벼의 도복 관련형질의 변화와 수량에 미치는 영향을 알기 위하여 본 시험을 실시하였다. 질소 수준은 12 및 18kg/10a, paclobutrazol(0.6% 입제) 처리시기는 출수전, 43, 33, 23, 13일 이었고, 도복 관련형질은 출수후 10, 20, 30, 40일에 조사하였으며 그 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 절간장은 paclobutrazol 처리시기가 빠를수록 하위절간, 처리시기가 늦을수록 상위절간이 단축되었으며, 간장은 처리시기가 늦을수록 더 단축되었다. 2. 모든 처리에서 도복은 발생하지 않았으며, 도복지수는 출수후 일수가 경과할수록 증가되었고, paclobutrazol 처리는 무처리보다 도복지수가 낮았다. 생체중은 출수후 30일까지 증가한 후 감소하였으나 좌절중은 출수후 30일까지는 차이가 없었으나 40일에는 감소하였고, paclobutrazol 처리시기간에 좌절중은 일정한 경향이 없었다. 3. 도복지수에 미치는 생체중의 직접효과는 출수후 일수가 경과할수록 감소하나 좌절중과 간장의 직접효과는 시기적으로는 큰 차이가 없었고, 출수후 40일에 도복지수에 미치는 직접효과는 좌절중, 간장, 생체중의 순이었다. 4. 간기부의 전분함량은 모두 출수후 20일까지 감소한 후 다시 증가하였다. 간기부의 cellulose함량은 출수후 20日까지 증가하였으나 hemicellulose, lignin 함량은 출수후 조사시기간에 큰 차이가 없었다. 간기부의 전분함량, cellulose, hemicellulose, lignin 음량과 좌절중과는 상관이 없었다. 5. 수량은 paclobutrazol을 출수전 13일에 처리한 것이 무처리와 비슷하였으나 그 이전의 처리에서는 수당영화수의 감소로 감수하였다.

• 한국약용작물학회지
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.1-8
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• 2011

Biological characteristics of 5 Zanthoxylum schinifolium (Zs) fruits such as Z1 (early August), Z2 (middle August), Z3 (middle September), Z4 (early October) and Z5 (middle October) according to harvesting time were evaluated. As fruits ripened, average weight of Zs increased from 4.8mg (Z1) to 50.7mg (Z5), while moisture contents decreased from 74.6% (Z1) to 55.2% (Z5). Crude fat contents of the fruits during ripening increased from 1% (Z1) to 10.6% (Z5). The major fatty acids in Zs were palmitic (C16:0), palmitoleic (C16:1), oleic (C18:1), and linoleic (C18:2) acids. Linoleic acid (C18:2) was a main fatty acid in Z1 and Z2, whereas oleic acid (C18:1) was found as a main one in the other Zs. The ratio of unsaturated fatty acid to total fatty acids increased from 60% (Z1) to 80% (Z3~Z5) during ripening. Among ripening stages, Z4 had the highest contents of total fatty acids ($3,355{\mu}g/g$) and total unsaturated fatty acids ($2,753{\mu}g/g$). Forty six volatile compounds in Zs were also identified. The major volatile compounds were ${\alpha}-pinene$, ${\beta}-myrcene$, ${\beta}-ocimene$, 2-nonanone, estragole, 2-undecanone, and ${\beta}-caryophyllene$. Major volatile components of Z1 were ${\beta}-ocimene$ (20.8 peak area %) and ${\alpha}-pinene$ (9.7 peak area %). In Z2, estragole (30.1 peak area %) was a main volatile compound, but the contents of ${\alpha}-pinene$ (0.4 peak area %), ${\beta}-myrcene$ (0.3 peak area %), and ${\beta}-ocimene$ (0.6 peak area %) were lower than those in Z1. Especially, estragole used as perfumes and as a food additive for flavor was drastically increased to 91.2 (Z3) and 92% (Z4) as fruits ripened.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제56권2호
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• pp.99-106
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• 2011

1988년부터 2009 년까지 강원도 춘천지역에서 수행된 벼 작황조사시혐의 오대벼와 일품벼 관련 기상요소 및 조사성적을 바탕으로 각 기상요소가 벼 생육 및 수량에 미친 영향을 분석한 결과는 다음과 같았다. 벼 출수기, 간장, $m^2$당 수수 및 수당립수는 품종 및 생육 단계별로 다소 차이는 있었지만 대제로 총수기 까지의 일평균 기온, 강수량, 일조시간, 기온일교차, 풍속 및 상대습도의 영향을 받는 것으로 나타났다. 특히 출수기는 일평균 기온과 상대습도의 영향을, 간장, $m^2$당 수수 및 수당립수는 일교차 의 영향을 가장 크게 받은 것으로 나타났다. 벼 등숙율, 천립중 및 쌀 수량은 벼 출수기 부터 40 일간의 일평균 기온, 기온일교차, 강수량, 일조시간에 대하여 오대벼와 일품벼가 전혀 다른 반용을 보였으나, 풍속 및 상대습도에 대해서는 대체로 비슷한 영향을 받은 것으로 나타났는데, 그 중에서 쌀 수량은 풍속이 높을수록, 상대습도가 낮을수록 높은 경향을 보였다. 풍속과 상대습도는 기온, 기온일교차, 일조량 등에 비해 상대적으로 벼 생육과 수량에 미치는 영향이 적은 것으로 인식되었기 때문에, 지금까지의 국내 벼 연구에서는 거의 다루어지지 않았으나, 본 연구에서 상대습도가 낮고 바람이 충분한 환경에서 벼는 활발한 증산 작용과 광합성을 통해 수량이 증가되는 것으로 나타났다.

• 미생물학회지
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.10-21
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• 1969

The effect of glucose and 2-thiobarbituric acid on the biosynthesis of cell constituents such as protein, carbohydrate, DNA, RNA, phospholipid and PCA-soluble phosphate compounds in Chlorella duing the life cycle was measured, and the changes in the content of these main cellular components of the algal cell were analyzed in connection with the nuclear and cytoplasmic divison. In the normal autotrophic synchronous culture the contents of protein, RNA, and DNA in the cell showed a chracteristic changes according to the progress of cell development, increasing more or less throughout all the life cycle. The synthesis of protein is more prominent in the division period nad that of DNA is more active in the ripening period, while the synthesis of RNA is more rapid in the growing and ripening periods than other developmental stages. The period of division cycle was little affected by glucose in the medium, although the synchrony of the growth and cellular division was disturbed and the n value increased. The cotents of protein, carbohydrate, RNA nad DNA of the cell were increased by the glucose treatment throughout all the life cycle. On the other hand, both of cellular growth and division were retarded severely and the n value was decreased by the 2-thiobarbituric acid treatment throughout all the life cycle. On the other hand, both of cellular growth and division were retarded severely and the n value was decreased by the 2-thiobarbituric acid treatment. The synthesis of protein, carbohydrate, DNA, RNA and phospholipid of the cell was also retarded by 2-thiobarbituric acid. In the autotrophic, mixotrophic and 2-thiobarbituric acid-treated cultures, each having different mode cytoplasmic division, a common general schema occurring in the cell during the life cycle may be drawn as follows. The ratio of RNA to protein attains maximum value in the $L_1$-cell stage prior to the nuclear division and thereafter decreases during the periods of ripening and division. The ratio of PCA-soluble phosphate compounds to protein increased from the begining of the culture to $L_4$-cell stage successively and thereafter decreased gradually during the division period, while the ratio of protein to DNA kept almost constant up to the division period and thereafter increased during the division period. Therefore, it is presumed that the increase in the ratio of RNA to protein is to be an inducer of nuclear division and that the cytoplasmic division is induced by the increase in the ratio of protein to DNA.

• 한국식품저장유통학회지
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.370-375
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• 2010

`Bing' 체리의 품질 요인간 상관성을 구명하기 위해 숙기에 따른 착색 정도 정도로 light red (LR)와 dark red (DR) 단계로 시료를 분류하였다. 분류된 체리를 사용하여 당도에 미치는 이화학적 품질 요인들 간의 상관성을 조사하여 소비자들이 중요하다고 생각하는 품질 지표를 찾아보고자 하였다. 체리의 주요 유리당 함량 분포는 착색이 많이 진행된 DR 단계의 체리에서 높았으며, 유기산은 숙기에 따라 차이는 없었으나 고경도구가 저경도구에 비해 높게 나타났다. LR 단계의 'Bing' 체리의 경우 경도, 색도, 산도가 당도와 유의적인 정의 상관관계를 보였고, DR 단계의 체리에서는 경도가 정의 상관관계를 보였다. 경도와 당도간의 상관성은 200개의 과실을 이용하여 상관관계를 구한 결과에서도 마찬가지로 정의 상관성을 보였다. 따라서, 'Bing' 체리의 당도, 경도, 색도는 관능적 적합성에서 좋은 지표로 사용될 수 있고, 특히 경도는 품질특성을 판단하는 지표로 활용될 수 있을 것으로 판단되었다.

• 한국작물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국작물학회 2017년도 9th Asian Crop Science Association conference
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• pp.104-104
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• 2017

Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench.) is one of the most important crops for human and animal nutrition. Nonetheless, sorghum has a cyanogenic glucoside compound which can be degraded into hydrogen cyanide, toxic to humans and animals even with tiny amount. In consequence, breeding materials with a low cyanide level has been a top priority in sorghum breeding programs. To fulfill our long-term goal, we are screening sorghum accessions with low cyanide level, which would be an important breeding material for food safety. We collected seeds of various sorghum accessions and analyzed relevant metabolites to find useful breeding materials of sorghum accessions containing low cyanide. Fourteen wild relatives were obtained from the University of Georgia in US, a reference accession BTx623, and three local varieties from National Agrobiodiversity Center of Rural Development Administration in Korea, and one wild species from the Wild Plant Resources Seed Bank of Korea University in Korea. Sorghum plants were grown in plastic greenhouse under natural conditions. After growing, leaf samples were harvested at different developmental stages: seedling phase, vegetative phase (right before flowering), and reproductive phase (ripening). Using collected samples, quantification analysis were performed by an HPLC system for three metabolites (dhurrin, 4-hydroxybenzaldehyde, and 4-hydroxyphenylacetic acid) in sorghum plants. Prior to metabolome analysis, specific experimental condition for HPLC system was set to be able to separate three metabolites simultaneously. Under this condition, these metabolites were quantified in each accession by HPLC system. We observed that the metabolite contents were changed differently by developmental stages and accessions. We clustered these results into five groups as patterns of their contents by developmental stages. Most of accessions showed that 4-hydroxybenzaldehyde content was very high at seedling stage and decreased rapidly at vegetative phase. Interestingly, the patterns of dhurrin content were very different among clusters. However, 4-hydroxyphenylacetic acid content was maintained at low levels by developmental stages in most accessions. The results would demonstrate how dhurrin and alternative degradation pathways are differentiated in each accession.

• 상하수도학회지
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• 제18권5호
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• pp.666-672
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• 2004

Granular media filtration is used almost universally as the last particle removal process in conventional water treatment plants. Therefore, superb particle removal efficiency is needed during this process to ensure a high quality of drinking water. However, every particle can not be removed during granular media filtration. Besides the pattern of particle attachment is different depending on physicochemical aspects of particles and suspension. Filtration experiments were performed in a laboratory-scale filter using spherical glass beads with a diameter of 0.55 mm as collectors. A single type of particle suspension (Min-U-Sil 5) and pH control was used to destabilize particles. The operating conditions were similar to those of standard media filtration practice: a filtration velocity of 5 m/h. More favorable particles, i.e., particles with smaller surface charge, were well attached to the collectors especially during the early stage of filtration. This selective attachment of the lower charged particles caused the zeta potential distribution (ZPD) of the effluent to move to a more negative range. On the other hand, the ZPD of the effluent did not keep moving from less negative to more negative during the later stages of filtration, and this result was thought to be caused by two reasons: ripening effects and the detachment of flocs.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제45권4호
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• pp.251-256
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• 2000

Astragalus membranaceus has flowers that are similar to that of the legume family, but shows poor bearing when self-pollination is induced. Thus, this study was carried out observing the ripening procedure of pistils and stamens and development stages of pollen in the context of the birth and growth of the flower. As to the bearing of the flower of A. membranaceus, few pod setting and 13% pod setting were observed when self-pollination is induced by paper-bag covering or artificial pollination treated respectively. The result indicates that A. membranaceus is a cross-pollination plant. A pistil grew faster than a stamen until just before blooming. The flower size was about 17.0mm$\times$4.0mm. Pistils and stamens had the same length after flowering. Pollen mother cells passed through meiosis and mitosis when its length reached around 3.5mm, thus creating the tetrade when 4 mm long. Pollen attained full growth when the bud was about 10mm long. An anther was found to tend to dehisce when the length of a bud reached around 12.0mm. As to the shape of pollen, about 70 % were normal. 1% and 30 % were small or empty pollen respectively. The result indicates that pollen of A. membranaceus attains full growth just before anther dehiscence which occurs before blooming while pistils grow faster than stamens until before flowering.

• 한국응용곤충학회지
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.88-92
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• 1989

한국에서 담배나방(Heliothis assulta Guen e) 유충은 주로 고추과실과 담배의 어린잎을 가해한다. 따라서 본 실험에서는 이 두가지 외에 피망과 관상용 고추에 대한 1영기유충의 유인효과를 비교하였다. 다른 어느 종류보다도 고추과실에 더 많은 수의 유충이 유인되었다. 고추식물에서도 꽃이나 잎에는 거의 유인되지 않고 비교적 숙성된 고추과실에 가장 많이 몰려들었다. 이와같은 경향은 생과즙이나 10%에탄올 추출물 경우에도 비슷하며 2~4영기유충에서도 같은 경향으로 나타나 담배나방유충을 유인하는 화합식이 고추과실에 존재함을 시사하였다.