• Animal Systematics, Evolution and Diversity
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• no.spc9
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• pp.45-50
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• 2016

Freshwater benthic macroinvertebrates were investigated from five sampling sites on Jindo Island located in the southwestern end of the Korean Peninsula. A total of 47 species (average $14{\pm}3.16$ species per site, 40 species in lotic area, and 13 species in lentic area) belonging to 38 families, 14 orders, 5 classes, and 3 phyla were sampled. Coleoptera, Diptera, Ephemeroptera, and Trichoptera were the major groups of benthic macroinvertebrates with relatively high species richness. Species diversity indices (H') and richness indices (RI) of upper streams were relatively higher than those of lower streams, which were affected by agricultural effluent from the paddy fields.

• Animal Systematics, Evolution and Diversity
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.151-158
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• 2011

Fish community structure in the Pyeongchanggang River was investigated from April to November 2009. About 900 individuals representing 24 species from eight families at six sites in the Pyeongchanggang River were collected. It was similar to the 2001's survey and it was less than 2006's survey. The Korean endemic species, Zacco koreanus was the most abundant, whereas subdominant species were native species, such as Pungtungia herzi, Zacco platypus, Rhynchocypris kumgangensis and Rhynchocypris oxycephalus. Three endangered species were collected at the sampling area, Acheilognathus signifier (relative abundance [RA] 0.9%), Pseudopungtungia tenuicorpa (RA 1.4%), and Cottus koreanus (RA 3.6%). One natural monument species, Hemibarbus mylodon, was included. According to the analysis of ecological indicator characteristics, the relative proportion of tolerant species was 6.3% (57 individuals), whereas the proportion of sensitive species was 65.9% (593 individuals). Species evenness, richness and diversity indices decreased gradually through the month from April to November during the study. Community indices in Pyeongchanggang River showed a high evenness index (J'>0.6), a low level of species richness (R<3.5) and a medium level of diversity (1.5

• Mycobiology
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• v.40 no.3
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• pp.151-158
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• 2012

Very few studies have addressed the phylogenetic diversity of fungi from Northeast India under the Eastern Himalayan range. In the present study, an attempt has been made to study the phylogenetic diversity of culturable soil fungi along the altitudinal gradients of eastern Himalayas. Soil samples from 24 m above sea level to 2,000 m above sea level altitudes of North-East India were collected to investigate soil micro-fungal community structure and diversity. Molecular characterization of the isolates was done by PCR amplification of 18S rDNA using universal primers. Phylogenetic analysis using BLAST revealed variation in the distribution and richness of different fungal biodiversity over a wide range of altitudes. A total of 107 isolates were characterized belonging to the phyla Ascomycota and Zygomycota, corresponding to seven orders (Eurotiales, Hypocreales, Calosphaeriales, Capnodiales, Pleosporales, Mucorales, and Mortierellales) and Incertae sedis. The characterized isolates were analysed for richness, evenness and diversity indices. Fungal diversity had significant correlation with soil physico-chemical parameters and the altitude. Eurotiales and Hypocreales were most diverse and abundant group of fungi along the entire altitudinal stretch. Species of Penicillium (D=1.44) and Aspergillus (D=1.288) were found to have highest diversity index followed by Talaromyces (D=1.26) and Fusarium (D=1.26). Fungal distribution showed negative correlation with altitude and soil moisture content. Soil temperature, pH, humidity and ambient temperature showed positive correlation with fungal distribution.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.47 no.3
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• pp.274-282
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• 2014

We examined seasonal variation in the structure of marine macroalgal communities at five sites around the Byeonsan Peninsula, Korea, from January to October 2011. Sixty eight species were identified, including 11 green, 17 brown and 40 red algae. Species richness was highest at Gyeokpo (51 species) followed by Sambal (47), Gosapo (34), Byeonsan (33), and Habgoo (18). Seaweed biomass ranged from 12.98 to 145.33 g dry $wt/m^2$, with maximum and minimum biomasses at Gyeokpo and Habgoo, respectively. Sargassum thunbergii was the representative alga species occupying 47.89% of the total biomass. The dominant seaweeds were S. thunbergii, Corallina pilulifera, Ulva spp, Gracilaria vermiculophylla, and Carpopeltis affinis. No distinctive vertical distribution of seaweeds was found because S. thunbergii, Ulva spp, and G. vermiculophylla were all distributed from high to low shore. Community indices were as follows: dominance index (DI), 0.44-0.61; richness index (R), 6.27-10.35; evenness index (J'), 0.38-0.59; and diversity index (H'), 1.48-1.71. Gyeokpo had the most biomass and highest species richness, and the lowest percentage of Ulva species. However, species richness declined at Gyeokpo, from 78 to 51 species within 10 years, implying that eutrophication and sedimentation from Mankyeong and Dongjin rivers have reduced the stability of seaweed communities.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.32 no.5
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• pp.329-341
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• 2023

We surveyed the vegetation of an ecological landscape preservation area (legally protected conservation areas or national parks) and the surrounding areas of Mt. Cheonggye, Republic of Korea, to explore the conservation implications for preservation areas and surrounding transition areas. We calculated diversity indices to identify the properties of the preservation and surrounding areas that are relevant to conservation efforts. We then compared the plant community composition between the areas using field and quadrat surveys in the preservation and surrounding areas. The cover of the dominant species in all tree and herb layers was markedly higher in the preservation area than in the peripheral zones. The species richness indices were significantly higher in the preservation area than in the peripheral zones. Ordination using detrended canonical correspondence analyses showed that the cover of the dominant tree species and rocks could explain the distribution of plant species in the Cartesian space of the ordination. Our results demonstrate that physiognomically designated protected areas match well with ecological data based on diversity indices and ordination analyses and that disturbances in the areas surrounding the ecological landscape of preservation areas can have considerable impacts on plant diversity indices. Hence, the preservation and management of surrounding areas are essential conservation elements for protecting the entire ecological landscape of preservation areas.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.27 no.6
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• pp.383-399
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• 2018

In the present study, the community distribution, functional feeding groups, and habitat groups of the benthic macroinvertebrates from Gayasan National Park were investigated at eight different sites from 2015 to 2016. The correlation between habitat altitude and each group type was analyzed statistically. Biodiversity indices, including dominance, diversity, richness, and evenness indices, were calculated. The results showed a total of 4,216 individual benthic macroinvertebrates were collected, including 4 phyla, 6 classes, 16 orders, 40 families, and 100 species. Gammarus sobaegensis was dominant with 0.141% dominance, and the subdominant species was Epeorus nipponicus with 0.088% dominance. The EPT group(Ephemeroptera, Plecoptera and Tricoptera) accounted for 71.00% of the total species and 67.69% of the total individuals. The number of scraper species was highest, and the number of gathering collector individuals was highest among functional feeding groups. The individual number of scrapers(r=-0.358, p < 0.05) and gathering collectors(r=-0.343, p < 0.05) decreased with increasing altitude. The numbers of species and individuals of clingers and sprawlers were highest among the habitat groups. The individual number of clingers(r=-0.547, p < 0.01) and burrowers(r=-0.331, p < 0.05) significantly decreased with increasing altitude. The diversity and richness indices were higher in St. 3 than in the other sites. The dominance index was highest in St. 2, and the evenness index was highest in St. 7. We evaluated the biological water quality with several known methods, and concluded that ESB(Ecological score of benthic macrovertebrates community) and GPI(Group polution index) were more suitable than KSI(Korean saprobic index) and BMI (Benthic macrovertebrate index) to assess the biological water quality of Gayasan mountain stream water.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.42 no.4
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• pp.387-394
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• 2009

Marine algal flora and community structure were examined seasonally at four study sites around Taean Power Plant, Korea from Jan. to Nov. 2006. A total of 73 algae species (12 green, 9 brown, 52 red) and 1 marine plant were identified. The number of species was maximal at the power plant Discharge (57 species) site followed by Hakampo (46 species), Intake (28 species) and Breakwater (15 species) sites during the study period. The average biomass in dry weight varied from 13.12g/m2 at Intake to 69.60g/m2 at Hakampo. Dominant and sub dominant species in terms of biomass were Gelidium divaricatum - Ulva pertusa at Intake, Chondria crassicaulis - Ulva pertusa at Discharge, Corallin a pilulifera - Chondrus ocellatus at Breakwater, and Corallina pilulifera - Sargassum thunbergii at Hakampo. Species richness of warm tolerant and green algae were greater at Discharge site than Hakampo, showing similar species richness. However, community indices were not distinguishable between Discharge and other study sites. In conclusion, species richness and biomass of seaweeds were greater at Discharge site compared to intake and breakwater sites, and the abundance of warm tolerant and green algal species were higher than Hakampo.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.469-479
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• 1991

The abundance and local distribution of birds around the three atomic power plants were studied during summer in 1998 and winter 1989. It was particularly pointed out how to determine species diversity indices, rarefaction model appeared and habitat use. During the study over 2,200 birds were censused; black-tailed gull, terek sandpipper, asian wandering tattler and australian curlew accountedfor over 76% of the observed birds in summer. Black-tailed gull, black-headed gull, mallard, ancient murrelet and tree sparrow accounted for 76% of the observed birds in winter. overall, 53 species were occurred ; 23 have been observed on yonggwang-gun, 16 used on ulchin-gun, 12 used on kyungju-gun in summer. 18 on yonggwang-gun,,14 on ulchin-gun,12 on kyungju-gun in winter respectively. These three habitats in terms of their of species richness were computed as follows; yonggwang-gun has the highest richness with an expected species number of 17.5 as the same as two season. Kyungju-gun has the lowest with an expected species number of 8.2 in summer and 11.5 in winter.

• The Korean Journal of Malacology
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.1-20
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• 1992

A study on the seasonal changes of the benthic macroinvertebrate community was performed on the intertidal rocky shores ao eastern coast of Cheju island and U-do throughout four seasons from october 1991 to August 1992. The macroinvertebrates were composed of 10 phyla, 18 classes, 39 orders, 94 families and 201 species. the number of speecies were 183 in summer, 147 in autumn, 138 in spring and 94 in winter, respectively. The total wpecies collected throuhout the study period were 193 species in U-do and 151 species in the eastern coast of Cheju Island. Nodilittorina exigua was the most dominant species in all seasons, followed by Monodonta neritoides in spring, autumn and winter, and pollicipes mitella in summer. U-do was higher in species diversity and richness and lower in evenness than the eastern coast. Species diversity and richness were higher in summer than any other seasons in lower intertidal zones. Community dominance indices, however, were significantly higher in upper intertidal zones than in lower intertidal zones.

• The Korean Journal of Soil Zoology
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.92-97
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• 1997

Diversity or richness and altitudinal distribution of subtribe Carabinae were investigated on Mt. Togyusan in Korea. Of the collected seven species belonging to 4 genera, Carabus sternbergi was the most abundant and Leptocarabus semiopacus and L. seishinensis were relatively abundant than the other species. Although species diversity and species richness indices were higher at the crown site than those at lower sites, more indivisuals were found at low sites. There were relatively more females.