• The Plant Pathology Journal
• /
• v.27 no.4
• /
• pp.360-366
• /
• 2011

Bacterial leaf spot of Euphorbia pulcherrima has been reported in many countries. Characterization by polyphasic approaches indicated that the isolates from India, USA and New Zealand could be distinguished based on rep-PCR profiles and gyrB phylogenies, while the Chinese isolates should be ascribed to Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. poinsettiicola.

• Korean Journal of Organic Agriculture
• /
• v.20 no.4
• /
• pp.519-533
• /
• 2012

In this study, of currently being implemented organic cultivation in rice, the economic effects of snail agriculture, natural circulation agriculture, stevia agriculture and art nature agriculture were compared and analyzed. Analysis results showed that the economic effects of selling price per 10a, gross margin and agricultural income were increased, compared to those of previous agricultural techniques. In addition, the comparison results of economic effects by agricultural techniques showed that the agricultural income per 10a of organic cultivation were increased from the national average, compared to that of conventional cultivation. These economic effects analysis by agricultural techniques can help in the decisionmaking of farmers for the adoption of agricultural techniques in the future.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture
• /
• v.41 no.1
• /
• pp.16-23
• /
• 2022

BACKGROUND: Rice production by the current standard cultivation method is predicted to decrease due to global warming. It seems that there has been a strong warming trend in Hwaseong-si, Gyeonggi-do. This study attempted to understand the climate change in Hwaseongsi, Gyeonggi-do and to analyze the effect of climate change on rice production. METHODS AND RESULTS: The statistical and physicochemical analyses were performed using the rice cultivar 'Chucheongbyeo' yields grown at the rice paddy field plot in the Gyeonggi-do Agricultural Research and Extension Services and the weather data measured in near the rice paddy plot. CONCLUSION(S): There was no significant difference between the average rice yields per area in 2000s (2001~2010) and 2010s (2011~2020), but the rice yield variability was greater in 2010s than in 2000s. The mean, minimum, maximum temperature, and the sunshine hours were evaluated for the correlation with the rice yield. The understanding of climate change in Hwaseong-si, Gyeonggi-do and the major weather factors affecting changes in rice yield, presented in this study, would enhance scientific understanding of regional climate change, and improve rice cultivation management.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
• /
• v.31 no.3
• /
• pp.42-49
• /
• 2003

The objective of this research was to investigate the possibility of using rice husk flour as a partial substitute for the wood particles used as the raw material for manufacturing particleboards, by examining the physical and mechanical properties of the rice husk flour-wood particleboard as a function of the type of urea-formaldehyde resin used. Commercial wood particles and two types of rice husk flours (A type (30 ㎛), B type (300 ㎛)) were used. E₁ and E₂ class urea-formaldehyde resin was used as the composite binder, combined with 10 wt.% NH₄Cl solution as a hardener. Rice husk flour-wood particleboards with dimensions of 27×27×0.7 (cm) were manufactured at a specific gravity of 0.7 with rice husk flour contents of 0, 5, 10, and 15 (wt.%). We examined the physical properties (specific gravity and moisture content), mechanical properties (three point bending strength and internal bonding) of the composite. In general, it can be concluded that composites made from rice husk flours are of somewhat poorer quality than those made from wood; however, blending in small amounts of rice husk flour (e.g., 5% to 10% by weight) may have no significant impact on quality.

• Journal of Crop Science and Biotechnology
• /
• v.11 no.2
• /
• pp.135-140
• /
• 2008

Improving eating quality is one of the most important objectives in japonica rice breeding programs in Yunnan Province of China. Eating quality and its relevant traits of nine Korean and 11 Yunnan rice cultivars were comparatively analyzed in this study. The grain shape of most Yunnan japonica rice cultivars have a relatively slender shape and are slightly larger than Korean rice cultivars. Palatability value of cooked rice of Yunnan rice cultivars was significantly lower, while the protein content of Yunnan rice cultivars was significantly higher than that of Korean cultivars. Peak viscosity and breakdown viscosity of the Yunnan rice cultivars were significantly lower, while setback viscosity of the Yunnan rice cultivars was significantly higher than in Korean rice cultivars. Palatability value of cooked rice was negatively correlated with protein content and setback viscosity but positively correlated with peak viscosity, breakdown viscosity, and cool paste viscosity. Through multiple linear regression analysis, an equation for estimating palatability value(PV) of cooked rice based on quality traits was generated as dependent only upon protein content(PC), PV=139.024-(10.865$\times$PC) with an $R^2$ value of 0.822. The results suggest that reducing protein contents should be the major target in improving eating quality of Yunnan japonica rice cultivars through integrated approaches of both cultivar development and appropriate cultural practices. Genetic similarities among cultivars based on DNA markers which had been identified as associated with grain quality seemed not to be directly related to PV.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
• /
• v.26 no.9
• /
• pp.1276-1281
• /
• 2013

An in vitro experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of methylcellulose on the attachment of major cellulolytic bacteria on rice straw and its digestibility. Rice straw was incubated with ruminal mixture with or without 0.1% methylcellulose (MC). The attachment of F. succinogenes, R. flavefaciens and R. albus populations on rice straw was measured using real-time PCR with specific primer sets. Methylcellulose at the level of 0.1% decreased the attachment of all three major cellulolytic bacteria. In particular, MC treatment reduced (p<0.05) attachment of F. succinogenes on rice straw after 10 min of incubation while a significant reduction (p<0.05) in attachment was not observed until 4 h incubation in the case of R. flavefaciens and R. albus. This result indicated F. succinogenes responded to MC more sensitively and earlier than R. flavefaciens and R. albus. Dry matter digestibility of rice straw was subsequently inhibited by 0.1% MC, and there was a significant difference between control and MC treatment (p<0.05). Incubated cultures containing MC had higher pH and lower gas production than controls. Current data clearly indicated that the attachment of F. succinogenes, R. flavefaciens and R. albus on rice straw was inhibited by MC, which apparently reduced rice straw digestion.

• Journal of Crop Science and Biotechnology
• /
• v.11 no.4
• /
• pp.223-226
• /
• 2008

Seedlings of two rice cultivars i.e. cv. Daesanbyeo and cv. Dongjinbyeo were analyzed for growth and endogenous gibberellins (GAs) in response to nitrogen nutrition applied in the forms of $KNO_3$, $(NH_4)_2SO_4$ and $NH_4NO_3$. All the growth parameters showed an increase in N applied treatments and their magnitudes of increase were different depending on different nitrogen fertilizer forms. The endogenous GAs contents were increased with N application but differentially affected by various N-forms in both rice cultivars. In cv. Daesanbyeo, maximum amount of bioactive $GA_1$ was recorded for $(NH_4)_2SO_4$, while maximum amount of bioactive $GA_1$ in cv. Dongjinbyeo was observed in $NH_4NO_3$ applied treatments. In both rice cultivars, $KNO_3$ applied rice plants contained least $GA_1$ contents. Also, $GA_{19}$ was the most abundant GA found in rice seedlings whereas $GA_4$ was absent at seedling stage. Our study indicated that different rice cultivars showed different responses for the same fertilizer depending upon the response potential of each cultivar and the pertinent physiological responses to changes of endogenous GAs in rice cultivars, which were comparatively lesser in magnitude.

• Journal of Crop Science and Biotechnology
• /
• v.11 no.3
• /
• pp.215-222
• /
• 2008

Multilocation trials on 36 rice(Oryza sativa) genotypes of 3 different maturity groups were conducted at four different locations of Orissa for 3 years and 30 ragi(Eleusine coracana) genotypes of 2 different maturity groups were evaluated in three environmental conditions for 3 years. Grain yield data were subjected to stability analysis following linear regression model to estimate adaptability and stability parameters, i.e. b, and $S^2d$ Stability of performance of genotypes was also estimated by two other stability parameters viz., ecovalence W and AMMI stability value ASV. The rice and ragi genotypes of different duration groups showed wide variation in their mean yield, b, $S^2d$, W and ASV parameters. Seeds of the 36 rice and 30 ragi genotypes were treated with 500 and 100 ppm aqueous solution of maleic hydrazide(MH) for 24 hours, respectively to study MH-sensitivity. Sensitivity of genotypes to MH treatment was estimated in terms of seedling growth inhibition index(SGI). The rice and ragi genotypes showed wide differences in their MH-sensitivity in terms of SGI. Relationship of MH-sensitivity of genotypes with their yielding ability, adaptability and stability of performance was tested by contingency $x^2$ test. Low sensitivity of rice and ragi genotypes to MH in terms of SGI appeared to be good indicators of high yielding ability of genotypes. Also, low and high MH-sensitivity of genotypes would be a good indicator of better adaptability to rich and poor environments, respectively, in ragi but not in rice. Low MH-sensitivity of genotypes could be the good indicator of stability of yield performance in rice but not in ragi.

• Korean Journal of Organic Agriculture
• /
• v.19 no.spc
• /
• pp.135-138
• /
• 2011

In traditional organic rice culture practices, control of weeds is a big problem. This study was conducted to increase the rice production. Results showed that Plant height, SPAD, root length and weight were higher in pot raised seedling than broadcasting method except number of panicles. High plant density caused reduction in plant height, number of culm and chlorophyll content of the rice. No lodging was observed in both methods. Thickness of third internode and culm length was more in pot raised seedlings at both sites. When organic material was used rice yield increased by 3.81%. Higher rice production (10%) was recorded in the fields planted with pot raised seedlings. From the above study it could be conclude that the pot raised seedlings perform better than the seedlings raised by broadcasting methods.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Agricultural Machinery Conference
• /
• 1993.10a
• /
• pp.867-876
• /
• 1993

This study was investigated to evaluate whether brown rice drying could reduce the rice production cost. Characteristics of brown rice drying was experimentally determined. With brown rice drying, the higher energy efficiency could be obtained. Therefore, this method is effective to cost reduction . However, there are some problems , for example occurrence of fissuring and preservation of rice quality.