• Journal of English Language & Literature
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• v.55 no.4
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• pp.539-565
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• 2009

T. S. Eliot attempted the combining of the liturgy of Anglican Church and a drama in Murder in the Cathedral (1935) and created a modern verse drama which comes most close to the regular tragedy like Greek tragedy today. Eliot chose the drama to deliver his religious insight because of its ritualistic origin and its potentiality to deliver a dramatic world which can contain a complete order. The central theme of this play is the martyrdom. The dramatic action of killing the archbishop Thomas Beckett in this play, however, is not treated as important event enough to be a dramatic climax. He is portrayed as a witness to the reality of God's will rather than a man who wills to give up his own life for any religious belief or cause. In Eliot, a martyr is nothing but "a witness" in its ancient sense. This paper purposes to review the language of this play. The various and new meters and rhythms of the language of this play function enough to bring its playwright to encounter 'the real audience' in 'a living theatre'. The interactions between different verbal models also play a big role to make this play a living theatre. Eliot found the poetry which crosses the various classes and levels of the tastes of audience is the most useful poetry. And the poetry of this play proves as the very thing which intensifies the theme of the play and gives the most powerful force to the play. Especially Eliot's poetry succeeds smost in the various and free meters of chorus, which makes Eliot the first playwright since Aeschylus, who could bring the chorus to undertake the function of extending the dramatic action of the play into the universal meaning. In the theatre the real audience identifies themselves with chorus. And the chorus leads the audience to respond to peace which passeth understanding beyond words and sounds of this play, which is the desired response in Eliot's conception of drama.

• The Korean Journal of Pharmacology
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.128-141
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• 1985

To investigate the influence of phenobarbital sodium on the action of morphine and on the diurnal rhythms of both opiate receptor binding and ${\beta}-endorphin$ contents, the amount of specifically bound $(^3H)$-morphine and immunoreactive ${\beta}-endorphin$ were measured in the midbrain of phenobarbital-treated rats at 4h intervals in a day. Rats were housed and adapted to a controlled cycle of either 12 h light-12 h dark or 24 h constant dark. After 3 weeks of adaptation, 0.5 ml of physiological saline or phenobarbital sodium (20mg/kg/day, i.p.) were administered twice a day for 2 weeks. Highly significant diurnal rhythms of opiate receptor binding and ${\beta}-endorphin$ were present in rat midbrain. In control group, the peak of maximum $(^3H)$-morphine binding was observed at 22:00 h, whereas the peak of ${\beta}-endorphin$ content was found at 06:00 h. Even in the absence of time cues these diurnal rhythms persisted, but they were highly modified with respect to the wave form as well as differences in the timing of peak and nadir. In the phenobarbital-treated group, these diurnal rhythms were also modified in shape, phase and amplitude, as well as in timing of peak and nadir. In this group, 24 h mean of opiate receptor binding was significantly decreased, while the 24 h mean level of ${\beta}-endorphin$ content was highly increased. However, Kd values in all experimental groups did not change. This indicates that differences in binding were not due to changes in the affinity, but in the number of binding sites. Statistical analysis of regression line indicates that changes of receptor binding were closely correlated with the changes of ${\beta}-endorphin$ content. These results suggest that phenobarbital may influence the action of morphine by changing the number of opiate receptors and that the modification of diurnal rhythm of opiate receptor by the agent is possibly due to changes of ${\beta}-endorphin$ content.

• Journal of Photoscience
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.17-20
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• 2002

We have cloned a cDNA for an opsin (Boceropsin) from the silkworm larval brain which was suggested to contain the photoperiodic receptor. Its deduced amino acid sequence was composed of 381 amino acids and included amino acid residues highly conserved in insect visual pigments. This opsin belonged to the long wavelength photoreceptor group of insect opsins, and are presumed to be photoperiodic receptor. RT-PCR analysis revealed that Boceropsin mRNA is expressed in the larval brain, but not in the subesophageal (Sg) and thoracic ganglion. Immunohistochemical analyses demonstrated that Boceropsin protein is present bilaterally in some defined cells localized in the brain of the Bombyx larva. Boceropsin was considered not to be involved in the circadian photoreception, because carotenoids are not indispensable for the photoreception and formation of circadian rhythms in the silkworm.

• Korean Journal of Child Studies
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.68-77
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• 1991

The purpose of this study was to analyze the words of the songs in children's games in order to determine the traditional characteristics of their rhythm and subject matter and to investigate age and sex differences in recognition of the songs. 71 play songs were used for content analysis. After this, 840 subjects in 15 grades (preschool, first to 12th grades, and college students) were presented with the songs. Statistical analysis was done by one-way ANOVA and Scheffe. The songs exhibited traditional rhythms (3.3 or 4.4) and subject matter (nature, everyday life, and family). Some historical events such as the Korean war, and current phenomena such as TV, were also included. Sex but not age differences were found in recognition of the songs.

• Development and Reproduction
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.149-177
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• 2013

Living beings are surrounded by various changes exhibiting periodical rhythms in environment. The environmental changes are imprinted in organisms in various pattern. The phenomena are believed to match the external signal with organisms in order to increase their survival rate. The signals are categorized into circadian, seasonal, and annual cycles. Among the cycles, the circadian rhythm is regarded as the most important factor because its periodicity is in harmony with the levels of melatonin secreted from pineal gland. Melatonin is produced by the absence of light and its presence displays darkness. Melatonin plays various roles in creatures. Therefore, this review is to introduce the diverse potential ability of melatonin in manifold aspects in living organism.

• Proceedings of the KSAR Conference
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• 2004.06a
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• pp.261-261
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• 2004

Circadian rhythms, which measure time about 24 hours, are generated by one of the most ubiquitous and well investigated timing system. More recently, circadian clock gene expression has been reported in various peripheral tissues. If a circadian clock is functioning in the testis, expression of clock genes should be observed in this tissue. To resolve this issue, we examined the expression of circadian clock genes in the testis. (omitted)

• Biomedical Science Letters
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.493-501
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• 2005

Circadian rhythms, time on a scale of about 24 hours, are present in a number of organisms including animals, plants, and bacteria. The control of the biochemical, physiological and behavioral processes is regulated by endogenous clocks in the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN). At the core of this timing mechanism is molecular machinery that are present both in the brain and in the peripheral tissues throughout the body, and even in a single cultured cell. In this study, we performed two-dimensional gel electrophoresis to figure out any correlation between protein expression patterns and the requirement of two canonical clock proteins, either mPER1 or mPER2, by comparing global protein expression profiles in livers from wildtype or mPer1/mPer2 double mutant mice. We could identify several differentially expressed protein candidates with respect to time and genotypes. Further analysis of these candidate proteins in detail in vivo will lead us to the better understanding of how circadian clock functions in mammals.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2005.06a
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• pp.963-968
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• 2005

For worm robots applied to pipe inspection and colonoscopy, earthworm-like robots that have a locomotion pattern in backward wave or green caterpillar-like robots that have a locomotion pattern in forward wave have been studied widely. Note however that a method using a single and fixed locomotion pattern is not desirable in the sense of mobility cost, if there are various changes in pipe diameter. In this paper, locomotion patterns are considered for a semi-looper-like robot, which adopts a locomotion pattern of green caterpillars as the basic motion and sometimes can realize a locomotion pattern of looper, whose motion approximately consists of two rhythms or relatively low rhythm.

• Speech Sciences
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.59-72
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• 2005

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of rhythm therapy program on MPT(Maximum Phonation Time) and acoustic parameters in patients with Parkinson's disease. The therapy program utilized 5 Korean traditional rhythms: jinngyang, jungmori, jungjungmori, jajinmori, and semachi. The therapy consisted of counseling regarding vocal hygiene and actual therapy procedures. Six subjects with Parkinson's disease participated in the study; 3 subjects in experimental group and the other 3 subjects in control group. The pre- and post- acoustic analyses were performed in both groups. The results of this study were as follows; 1) MPT was significantly increased in the experimental group, 2) mono-pitch was significantly improved in the experimental group, 3) mono-loudness was significantly improved in the experimental group, and finally, HNR was significantly increased in the experimental group compared to the control group.

• Journal of Aquaculture
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.35-42
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• 2001

The larvae of the Korean bullhead, Pseudobagrus fulvidraco were satiated with the food uptake equivalent to 13% of its body weight and required 2.5, 11 and 15 hrs to digest 50, 90 and 100% of the consumed food. The juveniles were satiated with food equivalent to 0.65% of its body weight and required 9 and 19 hrs to digest 50 and 90% of the consumer. Apparently, daily food intake perceptibly decrease with the larvae grew to juvenile stage. Both larvae (8.3-14.0mm TL) and juvenile (41.1-65.7mm TL) tend to feed frequently than to get satiated once a day and appeared to be nocturnal feeders.