• 말소리와 음성과학
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• 제2권4호
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• pp.213-221
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• 2010

The number of North Korean refugees entering South Korea is continuously increasing. North Korean speakers show significant differences in vowel and consonant phonetics, length of vowels, and the rhythm and intonation of sentences. The object of this research was to examine the effectiveness of a speech intervention program for North Korean refugees using visual feedback through acoustical analysis for intonation. The subjects were three adults with no speech disabilities who had been in South Korea for less than five years. They had not received any prior treatment for inflection change. The program was set in a discourse situation and used Praat to evaluate intonation and provide visual feedback as demonstrating proper intonation changes through pitch contour. The results after intervention are as follows. First, intonation was significantly improved according to a 5-point subjective evaluation scale. Second, the pitch contour was similar to the contour of standard South Korean pronunciation. The subjects were very satisfied with this initial treatment and showed a high level of motivation. In subsequent study, the development of intervention and the comparison of interventions will be needed as well.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제25권12호
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• pp.1404-1415
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• 1992

To understand the factors influencing Atrial fibrillation and embolism in mitral valve surgery and prevent their risk, we have reviewed our 324 patients who underwent mitral valve surgery from Fev. 1982 to May 1992. Age, disease duration, lesion type, left ventricular function and left atrial dimension were chosen as preoperative factors influencing the incidence of atrial fibrillation and embolism and their postoperative course, The number and type of replaced valve, site of atriotmy, LA obliteration, ACT and use of Defibrillator were chaser. as operative factors influencing postoperative rhythm change and postop emb-olization. The results of analyses were as follows 1. The incidence of preoperative atrial fibrillation, systemic embolism and LA throbmus was 63. 6%, 10.56% and 19.8% relatively. 2. The preoperative factors of atrial fibrillation onset was old age, prolonged symptom duration, stenotic lesion, lager LAD and lower ejection fraction. In the preoperative systemic embolism preoperative factors were old age, female, stenotic lesion. The left atrial thrombus found more commonly in patients with atrial fibrillation, old age, prolonged symptom duration, stenotic lesion and low ejection fraction. 3. The preoperative atrial fibriation persisted postoperatively in 165[50.9%] and converted to normal sinus rhythm in 50[15.4%]. The preoperative normal sinus rhythm per-eisted in 100[31%] and atrial fibrillation was occured postoperatively in 9[2.7%]. The prolonged symptom duration was the preoperative factor of persist atrial fibrillation. 4. Among 95 long term follow-up patients, atiral fibrillation was continued in 59[60%]. Conversion to normal sinus rhythm was more common significantly in left atriotomy and bileaflet valve replacement. 5. There were 12 patients who had postoperative embolism. Female, persist atrial fibrillation, no LA olbiteration and tilting disc monocusp valve were considered as possible factors influencing postoperative embolism but was impossible to analyse their statistical significance due to small sample size. So we have concluded that the patients with above risk factors need anticoagulant and early surgical intervention. Left atriotomy with minimal atrial injury, left auricular obliteration and bileaflet valve replacement may be needed to reduce postoperative atrial fibrillation persist and embolism.

• International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.302-309
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• 2023

This study aimed to develop a VR-based digital therapeutic intervention for the diagnosis and treatment of ADHD. The research combined medical data with virtual reality technology to develop an algorithm for ADHD diagnostic scales and implemented a VR-based digital therapeutic platform using a head-mounted display (HMD). This platform can be used for the diagnosis and treatment of ADHD in children and adolescents. Additionally, we four VR games were developed, including archery timing, Antarctic exploration, grocery shopping, and rhythm-based drumming(RBD), incorporating various psychiatric treatment techniques based on cognitive-behavioral therapy(CBT). To evaluate the usability of this digital therapeutic intervention, a group of experts specialized in counseling psychology participated in the study. The evaluations received highly positive feedback regarding the ability to access the system menu while wearing the HMD, the consistency of terminology used in menus and icons, the usage of actual size for 3D graphic elements, and the support for shortcut key functionality. The assessments also indicated that the games could improve attention, working memory, and impulse control, suggesting potential therapeutic effects for ADHD. This intervention could provide a daily treatment method for families experiencing financial constraints that limit hospital-based therapies, thereby reducing the burden.

• 인간행동과 음악연구
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.1-26
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• 2022

본 연구는 중등도 및 중증 치매 노인을 대상으로 한 국내·외 음악 중재 연구를 고찰하여 연구 동향을 알아보고, 참여자의 임상적 특성이 고려된 음악 중재의 특징을 알아보고자 시행되었다. 검색을 통해 선정된 17편의 문헌을 분석한 결과, 종속 변인은 행동심리증상 등 심리·정서적 변인이 주를 이루는 것으로 나타났다. 중재 참여유형을 살펴보면 내담자의 활동 참여가 요구되는 적극적 유형이 감상만 하는 수용적 유형보다 많았다. 중재의 일반적 특성으로는 과반수가 라이브 음악, 친숙하고 선호하는 음악 선곡, 리듬기반 연주활동을 제공한 것으로 나타났다. 적극적 유형의 음악중재 내용을 살펴보면 음악에 맞춰 그룹 연주나 노래를 하며 유발되는 감정을 말하도록 하는 것으로 참여자가 중등도와 중증이 혼합된 경우와 중증 치매만인 경우 차이점이 없어 중증 치매가 지닌 기능적 한계가 충분히 반영되지 않은 것으로 나타났다. 추후 연구에서는 중증 치매 노인의 의미있는 음악경험을 위한 중재구성과 내담자의 치매 진행 정도에 따른 음악치료 전략 개발이 필요하다.

• 동의신경정신과학회지
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• 제29권2호
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• pp.79-97
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• 2018

Objectives: The purpose of this systematic review was to investigate the clinical effects of neurofeedback training on reducing anxiety. Methods: Eight databases were used to extract clinical reports on neurofeedback intervention for anxiety reduction published until 2016. We analyzed the characteristics of selected studies and evaluated biases using the Risk of Bias (RoB) assessment. Results: A total of 22 clinical trials were extracted for the analysis. The risk of bias in most studies was high or unclear. The Chinese Classification of Mental Disorders-3 (CCMD-3) was the most frequently used diagnostic criteria, the Hamilton Rating Scale for Anxiety (HAMA) was the most frequently used assessment tool, and the alpha wave activity increase, sensorimotor rhythm (SMR), and theta wave training were the most frequently used intervention methods. All papers showed a statistically significant decrease of anxiety symptoms; however, significant adverse events were not reported. Conclusions: Neurofeedback intervention might be beneficial for reducing anxiety. However, the quality of the studies used in the analysis was low, and the heterogeneity of the population and interventions was revealed. Therefore, more scientifically designed clinical studies regarding neurofeedback training are required.

• 한국직업건강간호학회지
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.235-244
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• 2014

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify quality of sleep and its influencing factor among middle-aged male workers. Methods: The subjects of this study were 411 middle-aged male workers living in Seoul and Gyeonggi-do. The data were based from self-reported using structured questionnaires asking about low urinary tract symptoms, circadian rhythm, quality of life and sleep quality including general characteristics. The data were collected from September 11 to October 31, 2013 and analyzed by t-test, one-way ANOVA, Pearson correlation coefficient and hierarchical regression. Results: Mean score of the sleep quality was $5.03{\pm}2.57$ (range: 0~21) and reported as bad sleep quality in 55.7%. Low urinary tract symptoms (${\beta}$=.30, p<.001), circadian rhythm (${\beta}$=-.17, p<.001), quality of life (${\beta}$=-.14, p<.001) were shown as significant association of sleep quality. Conclusion: Strategies to improve sleep quality in middle-aged male workers are necessary and nursing intervention should be developed to improve education program for prevention and management of low urinary tract symptoms. It is also necessary to legalize the institutional devices to upgrade work environment and to place regulations on overtime at work places in order for these workers to obtain sufficient sleep time for recovery of biological rhythms and improving sleep quality.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제32권4호
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• pp.347-352
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• 1999

승모판막 질환에 흔히 동반되는 심방세동은 판막수술 후 종종 동율동으로 전환되어지는데 수술 후 동율동의 유지는 술후 불안정한 혈역학을 보이는 환자의 회복에 매우 중요할 영향을 미칠 뿐 아니라 술후 혈전색전증의 발생 빈도를 떨구어 주는 것으로 알려져 있다. 저자들은 1986년 6월부터 1996년 12월까지 성남 인하병원 흉부외과에서 시행된 후천성 판막질환 환자에서 승모판막 수술이 포함된 환자 중 184례를 대상으로 술전과 술후 심장율동의 양상 및 변화를 의무기록을 중심으로 후향적으로 관찰 분석하여 술후 동율동으로의 전환과 이의 유지에 관련인자를 규명하고자 하였다. 술전 율동이 심방세동이었던 환자 139례 중 술후 54례가 술후 동율동으로 전환되어 38.8%의 전환율을 보였으나 퇴원시를 기점으로 41례의 환자에서 다시 심방세동이 재발하여 75.9%의 재발율을 보였다. 심방세동이 재발한 환자들의 평균 동율동 유지기간은 8.2$\pm$5.9 일이었다. 또한 만기추적시 15례의 환자만이 동율동을 유지하고 있었으며 평균 추적기간은 84.4$\pm$34.7개월이었다. 환자의 연령 및 증상의 기간과 술전 심방세동의 기간, 좌심방 크기 및 술 전 폐동맥압이 술후 동율동의 유지에 관련인자로 생각된 반면, 술전 심방세동의 기간 및 박출계수만이 심방세동 재발의 위험인자로 생각되었다. 이상의 결과, 술후 동율동으로의 전환 및 유지의 빈도를 높이기 위하여는 조기수술이 강력히 요망되며, 더 나아가 본 연구의 높은 심방세동의 재발율이 \ulcorner사하는 바와 같이, 판막수술에 더불어 심방세동에 대한 적극적인 수술요법이 필요할 것으로 생각되어진다.ner1례등이 있었다. 결과: 수술사망은 2례로 조기사망률은 6.7%였다. 수술생존자 28명중 4명은 장기추적관찰이 불가능하였으며, 총 2091환자.월(평균 74.7$\pm$68.4개월, 최장 187개월)동안 관찰하였다. 이 기간중 판막의 혈전, 혈전색전증 및 항응고치료에 따른 출혈등의 합병증은 없었으나, 조직판막을 이용한 10례중 8례에서 술후 평균 87.1$\pm$23.6개월에 판막기능부전으로 재수술하였으며(이중 2례는 타 병원에서 수술함), 기계판막을 치환한 1례에서 판막주위누출과 감염으로 술후 3개월째 재수술하였다. 재수술시 사망례는 없었다. 만기사망은 1례로 방실중격결손증 교정술후 잔존 승모판폐쇄부전으로 승모판치환술을 받은 7세환아로 판막치환술후 4개월에 확장성심근염으로 사망하였다. 조직판막의 경우 생명표분석에 의한 판막실패가 없는 장기누적률은 6년째 75.0%, 7년째 50.0%, 8년째 12.5%의 기록을 보여 술후 6년에서 8년에 걸쳐 격감하는 양상을 보였다. 수술사망 2례를 제외한 28명의 장기생존률을 Kaplan-Meiyer법에 의해 분석하였을때 4개월째 생존률이 96.0%로 그 이후로는 사망례가 없었다. 결론:이상의 결과로 보아 소아 심장판막치환술은 비교적 안전하고, 술후 적절한 추적관찰이 행해질 경우 항응고요법에 따른 합병증은 거의 없으나, 5세이하 소아나 판막치환술 이전에 심장수술을 한 경우는 위험도가 여전히 높은 것으로 사료된다. 지표들 면에서 통계학적으로 차이가 없고(p>0.05), 육안적으로 광배근을 관찰하였을 때 그룹 A에서는 광배근의 유착 및 염증소견이 모두에서 있었고 그중 2마리에서는 광배근의

• PNF and Movement
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.105-113
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• 2021

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of trunk-stabilization training using stabilizing reversal and rhythmic stabilization techniques of PNF on trunk muscle strength and respiratory function in elderly stroke patients. Methods: There were 26 stroke patients included in the study. Patients were divided into two groups, and all patients performed exercise 30 min five times per week for six weeks. The experimental group performed trunk stability exercise using stabilizing reversal and rhythmic stabilization techniques of PNF, and the control group performed flexibility and strength training. Trunk muscle strength, forced vital capacity, maximum inspiratory pressure, and maximum expiration pressure were measured to determine the changes after the intervention. For statistical processing, a paired t-test was performed within the group, and the value after intervention was performed as an independent t-test to find out the difference between the two groups. Results: In the experimental group, all of the trunk muscle strength, forced vital capacity, maximum inspiratory pressure, and maximum expiration pressure showed significant differences according to the intervention. In the control group, there were statistically significant differences in trunk muscle strength and forced vital capacity, but the maximum inspiratory pressure and the maximum expiration pressure did not show any statistical change. Conclusion: From these results, it can be seen that the trunk stability exercises that use the proprioceptive neuromuscular promotion method of stable reversal and rhythm stabilization can be a good intervention for the respiratory function of stroke patients.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.27-32
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• 2017

Purpose: Recent electrophysiological studies have shown that the sensorymotor cortex is activated during both actual action excuted by themselves and observation of action performed by other persons. Observation of action based on mirror neuron system can be used as a cognitive intervention to promote motor learning. The purpose of this study was to investigate the brain activity changes during action observation and action execution using EEG. Methods: Thirty healthy volunteers participated and were requested to perform hand action and to observe the video of hand action performed by another person. The EEG activity was evaluated by a method which segregated the time-locked for each condition. To compare the differences between action observation and execution, the Mu suppression and the relative band power were analysed. Results: The results showed significant mu suppression during the action observation and execution, but the differences between the two conditions were not observed. The relative band power showed a significant difference during the action observation and execution, but there were no differences between the two conditions. Conclusion: These results indicate that action execution and observation involve overlapping neural networks in the sensorymotor cortical areas, proposing positive changes on neurophysiology. We are expected to provide information related to the intervention of cognitive rehabilitation.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.57-63
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• 2009

Purpose: We determined the recruitment pattern of lumbar elector spinalis, gluteus maxims, inner and outer hamstring muscle during trunk flexion and extension. Methods: Thirty healthy subjects(male; 15, female; 15) without low back pain and other problems in lower extremities participated in this study. To measure the recruitment pattern, the onset times of electromyographic activity of the muscles were recorded during trunk flexion and return(extension) to standing position. Results: The medial and lateral hamstring muscle was activated first, next elector spinalis, the last, gluteus maximus in trunk flexion. In trunk extension to standing position, the order of recruitment was similar to trunk flexion although the frequency is different. There were different between male and female in flexion and extension movement. Conclusion: The recruitment order of lumbar extensor and hip extensors in trunk flexion and extension will provide database in evaluation and intervention of lower back pain and lumbo.pelvic rhythm disorder.