• The Journal of Art Theory & Practice
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• no.5
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• pp.197-215
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• 2007

Yangbanxi("model plays") symbolize the Cultural Revolution(1966~1976) in China. The Eight Model Revolutionary Works include five Chinese Modern Peking Operas, namely, Taking Tiger Mountain by Strategy(智取威虎山), Harbor(海港), Shaijabang(沙家浜), The Red Lantern(紅燈記), and Raid on the White Tiger Regiment ; (奇襲白虎團), ballets such as The Red Detachment of Women(紅色娘子軍) and The White-Haired Girl(白毛女) ; and a symphony: Shajiabang(沙家浜). On April 24, 1967, Chinese leaders, including Mao Zedong, saw a performance of The White-Haired Girl. Yanbanxi was performed in Beijing between May 24 and June 15 the same year. The Red Lantern was designated as a work for the proletarian classes by Jiang Qing(Mao Zedong's third wife and the most influential woman in China) and spread nationwide. It was also made into a film to be enjoyed by many people. The modern Chinese operas went a long way in their creation of visual images of revolutionary heroes. The Red Lantern, in particular, came to be regarded as the most representative revolutionary opera. In the course of such a process, Jiang Qing used Yangbanxi as a political tool for compelling the people to worship and pledge their allegiance to Mao in an effort to turn the Cultural Revolution into a class struggle on behalf of her husband. During the Cultural Revolution period, artists were made to associate with workers, farmers and soldiers based on the idea of advocating revolutionary arts for the proletarian classes. The characters in The Rend Lantern were portrayed as heroes from the proletarian classes according to the demands of the era. Chinese leaders set forth the principles of artistic expression, stressing three important factors: politics, heroes, and heroic acts, which were to be applied to all the visual arts, including Yangbanxi. This paper attempts to present a new view of fine arts during the Cultural Revolution in China by focusing on the productive significance of a leading style of a specific era in the past. To that end, this paper sheds light on products made in conformance with political instructions, stressing the importance of revolutionary heroes in The Red Lantern.

• Lingua Humanitatis
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• v.1 no.2
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• pp.161-178
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• 2001

This study investigates how Korean traditional family consciousness interacts with Korean industrialization in the 1970s. In Our Children, Lee Sun depicts a family's struggle within the turmoil brought about by rapid industrialization to escape from the ranks of the working class. It is well known that one of the consequences of industrialization was the breakup of the larger family structure into nuclear families, but Lee Sun presents Korea's industrialization in the 1970s in the light of the traditional Korean family culture before the breakup. In other words, he gives us a portrayal of Gemeinschaft in Gesellschaft in his description of the extended family's struggle to overcome the day-to-day pressures of modernization and urbanization. The novel presents three generations of a traditional extended family. The eldest son is portrayed as a knife, strong and sharp. His wife has a temporary job that she hopes to give up once they own a house, which symbolizes the family's escape from the working class. The relationship among the family members reveals the core aspects of the ideology governing traditional extended families: the husband is the despotic monarch of the household, solely responsible for the family's economy; the husband is the sky and the wife the earth; and children (the more the better) are expected to lead to stability, welfare, and prosperity. One curious aspect of this family relationship as portrayed by Lee Sun is the expectation that being the eldest son, who already is or will become the patriarch of the family, is the fastest way of reaching middle-class status. And, despite a slight reversal, the novel has a happy ending wherein the family's expectations are fulfilled without much suffering. This aspect should be considered in light of the revolutionary romantic idealism of the novels of the 1930s. The lack of suffering and the easy happy ending may be attributed to the fact that Korea's industrialization came about rapidly and radically, and therefore it is likely that Lee Sun was not able fully to appreciate the full costs of industrialization. This limitation calls for a deeper investigation into the social structure and class consciousness of the 1970s, and also a study of the intertextual relationship of Our Children with other novels of the time.

• Cross-Cultural Studies
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• v.42
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• pp.343-369
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• 2016

This is an attempt to analyze original films of ChunHyang Jun that Shin Sang-Ok filmed in North and South Korea, focusing on the character of MongYong. These films were made during political transition periods of North and South Korea. Sung ChunHyang was made during the second republic of South Korea, which was established after the collapse of Rhee SyngMan government; and Love, Love, My Love was made in North Korea during the period of power transfer from Kim Il-Sung to Kim Jong-Un. Considering these political changes, the character of MongYong seems to represent the figure of authority North and South Korean society of the time had in mind. First, MongYong in Sung ChunHyang has a strong image of a lover who repays ChunHyang's devotion and sacrifice with romantic affection. As an authoritative figure, he has the aspect of a democratic leader or mediator. On the other hand, MongYong's image in Love, Love, My Love is a heroic authority figure of the revolutionary class. He is a subversive reformer who shows love for the people and treats them favorably, gaining public desire. This research is expected to inspire more studies on the meanings of hit movies based on classic literature under synchronic terms.

• (The) Research of the performance art and culture
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• no.39
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• pp.69-96
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• 2019

North Korea has conserved operas in a selective manner. The subject matters of operas recorded in the history of North Korea can be divided into classical tales, translated foreign works, Korean War and war against Japan. Operas that adapted folk classics of the 1950s are considered valuable materials to verify the changes of genres posterior to division of regime between North and South Korea. The officially confirmed works include "Kumgangsan Palseonnyeo (Gyeonwoo Jiknyeo)," "Chunhyangjeon." "Kongjwi Patjwi (Kotsin)," "Ondal," and "Geumnaneui Dal." These works had gone through recreation in terms of realistic situation setting, abolition of class difference, adjustment of social rank and punishment of evil while the base lies in the original folk classics. People emphasized in adapted folk operas are described as those who are hard-working souls without giving importance of difference of social rank, content with the currently living space, devoted to their parents and full of patriotic spirit, and members of community who participate in organized fights against unfair exploitation. This was the fruit of encouragement of work creation supporting union between labor and individual life, destruction of old things and fight promoting this destruction. Folk operas of South and North Korea posterior to Korean War have similarities in that both deal with a love story transcending social ranks and the concomitant conflicts and they focus on the audience who enjoy the operas. Nonetheless, they are different in that this love in North Korea became a tool of educating people wished by the regime, while it became an object of securing the audience by adding the tragic element to love in South Korea. North Korean operas of the initial stage are characterized by playwriting method emphasizing difficult life and compensation of common people, realistic stage expression, accentuation of melody and agreement between notes and lyrics. This was efforts designed to continuously lead senses concentrated from the theater to everyday life of people. In effect, this is in line with the playwriting method of revolutionary operas. Adapted folk operas were subject matters ideal for easily approaching the audience and leaving them good memories at the same time. To realize socialist realism, they went through an experiment of reviewing "people" through the classic folk operas. The possibility of continuation of a work was determined by thorough evaluation after carrying out an experiment in terms of subject matters, theme, music and operation plans from the moment of which the work was on the stage. The sign consisted in the possibility of visit of "Kim Il-sung" to appreciate the work and presentation of directionality. By proposing the clear directionality of which hard-working people who deny social status system can be duly compensated, it encouraged the audience who saw the opera to voluntarily put this in practice. Thus, operas established the directionality through selective processes for creating public communion even before revolutionary operas.

• Journal of Korean Library and Information Science Society
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• v.34 no.4
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• pp.203-226
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• 2003

The purpose of this study aims to provide possible suggestions for the improvement of the korean Decimal Classification System in 21th century through the analysis of language field as the subject of study. As a result of this study, some problems(for example, irrational classification number system, very simplicity of $\ulcorner$Subdivisions of Individual languages md languages families$\lrcorner$, improper languages development insufficiency of note etc.) were found out. This study can be useful for the future revision of KDC4 because a revolutionary improvement were provided.

• International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.6-11
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• 2020

In today's world, the design industry is becoming more complex, with the development of networks such as the internet and revolutionary changes in information and telecommunications. As the demand for designers to cope with various situations occurring in these industrial sites or solve problems in practice promptly is required, a capstone design program was developed in collaboration with the industry. Capstone design classes have positive effects on creative problem solving ability, academic achievement and learning satisfaction by allowing students to think and experience the practical problems of the industrial field. It is also effective in improving communication, creative thinking and critical thinking. The purpose of this study is to search for talent training methods needed in the fashion industry and to develop effective programs through capstone design class studies conducted in the fourth grade of fashion design majors from 2017 to 2019 (6 semesters). Through these studies, the aim is to search for talent training methods needed in the fashion industry and to develop effective programs. If the capstone design learning method is used as a method of solving problems through close communication between the company and the educational field as an industry-academia cooperation system, it is expected to be positioned as a field-type human resource education method that is required in the industrial field.

• Journal of Korean Library and Information Science Society
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• v.36 no.1
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• pp.353-370
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• 2005

The purpose of this study aims to provide possible suggestions for the improvement of the korean Decimal Classification System in 21th century through the analysis of history field as the subject of study. As a result of this study, some problems(for example, irrational classification number system, very simplicity of $\lceil$Table of Geographic Areas. Historical Periods. Persons$\rfloor$. improper development of class 900, necessity of some internal tables and $\lceil$Table of Racial, Ethnic, National Groups$\rfloor$, insufficiency of note etc.) were found out. This study can be useful for the future revision of KDC4 because a revolutionary improvement were provided.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.11 no.12
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• pp.105-112
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• 2020

This study categorized the developments of advanced online education in Korea, which have achieved rapid growth for past 20 years, and analyzed the characteristics of each stage. Starting from the introduction stage, which focused on video content and basic LMS, it went through a growth stage in which the transition from lifelong to advanced education institute, and the first online graduate program accreditation were achieved. In the maturity stage, the expansion of online graduate programs led to the spread of online real-time classes and seminars, and the introduction and proliferation of smart-phone also paved the way for smart learning. However, as the non-face-to-face teaching method was suddenly implemented as a whole due to the COVID-19 pandemic, online education has rapidly developed and also faced various problems to improve the quality of education. By analyzing and reviewing the trend, this study discussed the problems facing the current revolutionary period and what needs to be solved for future development.

• Journal of Korean Library and Information Science Society
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• v.53 no.4
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• pp.123-142
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• 2022

In 2000, North Korea developed and published a two-volume, <Classification-Search Term Dictionary> and is currently used throughout North Korea. The purpose of this study is to examine the development process of the classification schemes of the North Korea after liberation and to understand the contents, composition, and principles of the <Classification-Search Term Dictionary> published in 2000 and revised in 2014. Until now, all the studies of the North Korean classification schemes were studies on the <Book Classification Scheme> published in North Korea in 1964, and there has been no discussion on North Korea's classification schemes since then. The first volume of the <Classification-Search Term Dictionary> consists of 'classification symbols - search terms', and the second volume consists of 'search terms - classification symbols'. Volume 1 is based on the <Books and Bibliography Classification Scheme (1996)>, and there are a total of 41 main classes in five categories. Volume 1 allocates 1 main class (11/19) to 'revolutionary ideas and theories', 8 main classes (20~27) to 'natural sciences', 19 main classes (30~69) to 'engineering technology and applied sciences', 12 main classes (70~85) to 'social sciences', and 1 main class (90) to 'total sciences'. Volume 2 is similar to subject-headings. North Korea's <Classification-Search Term Dictionary> is the first classification scheme introduced in South Korea and is expected to be the starting point for future studies on the establishment of the standard unification classification schemes.

• Journal for History of Mathematics
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.127-146
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• 2007

From 1876 to 1883, British mathematician James Joseph Sylvester worked as the founding head of Mathematics Department at the Johns Hopkins University which has been known as America's first school of mathematical research. Sylvester established the American Journal of Mathematics, the first sustained mathematics research journal in the United States. It is natural that we think this is the most exciting and important period in American mathematics. But we found out that the International Congress of Mathematicians held at the World's Columbian Exposition in Chicago, August 21-26, 1893 was the real turning point in American's dedication to mathematical research. The University of Chicago was founded in 1890 by the American Baptist Education Society and John D. Rockefeller. The founding head of mathematics department Eliakim Hastings Moore was the one who produced many excellent American mathematics Ph.D's in early stage. Many of Moore's students contributed to build up real American mathematics research power in early 20 century The University also has a well-deserved reputation as the "teacher of teachers". Beginning with Sylvester, we analyze what E.H. Moore had done as a teacher and a head of the new department that produced many mathematical talents such as L.E. Dickson(1896), H. Slaught(1898), O. Veblen(1903), R.L. Moore(1905), G.D. Birkhoff(1907), T.H. Hilderbrants(1910), E.W. Chittenden(1912) who made the history of American mathematics. In this article, we study how Moore's vision, new system and new way of teaching influenced American mathematical society at early stage of the top class mathematical research. and the meaning that early University of Chicago case gave.