• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제74권3호
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• pp.129-133
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• 2013

The presence of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR ) mutation is a prognostic and predictive marker for EGFR-tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) therapy. However, inevitably, relapse occurs due to the development of acquired resistance, such as T790M mutation. We report a case of repeated responses to EGFR-TKIs in a never-smoked woman with adenocarcinoma. After six cycles of gemcitabine and cisplatin, the patient was treated by gefitinib for 4 months until progression. Following the six cycles of third-line pemetrexed, gefitinib retreatment was initiated and continued with a partial response for 6 months. After progression, she was recruited for an irreversible EGFR inhibitor trial, and the time to progression was 11 months. Although EGFR direct sequencing on the initial diagnostic specimen revealed a wild-type, we performed a rebiopsy from the progressed subcarinal node at the end of the trial. The result of peptide nucleic acid clamping showed L858R/L861Q.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제13권8호
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• pp.3709-3712
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• 2012

This study evaluated the advantages and applications of contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS)-supported percutaneous radiofrequency ablation (RFA) in the treatment of metastatic hepatocellular carcinoma after liver transplantation, based on clinical details. CEUS-supported percutaneous RFA was adopted to treat 12 patients with hepatic metastatic carcinomas after liver transplantation. The diameters of the metastatic carcinomas varied from 1 cm to 5 cm, and the foci were discovered after 3 months to 12 months. Each focus was diagnosed and localised by CEUS for RFA once or twice. Curative effects were evaluated by CEUS or contrast-enhanced CT after the treatment. The re-examination results at 2 weeks post-treatment showed that the foci of 11 patients were ablated completely, whereas one patient with the largest focus required retreatment by RFA because of a partial residue. No local recurrence was found one month later in the re-examination. CEUS-supported percutaneous RFA in the treatment of hepatic metastatic carcinoma after liver transplantation has the advantages of accurate localisation, good efficacy, easy operation, and minimal invasion without any complications. Therefore, it can be recommended as the preferred therapy for hepatic metastatic carcinoma after liver transplantation.

• The Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics
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• 제12권5호
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• pp.291-298
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• 2020

PURPOSE. The aim of this study is to evaluate the influence of repeated surface treatments on wettability and surface roughness for zirconia surface and bond strength of zirconia-based ceramics to resin cement. MATERIALS AND METHODS. Seventy blocks (10 × 10 × 3 mm) of zirconia-based ceramics were fabricated and divided into two groups according to the surface treatments: (A) 110 ㎛ Al₂O₃ airborne-particle abrasion and (R) 110 ㎛ silica modified Al₂O₃ airborne-particle abrasion. At stage 2, each group was subdivided into 5 groups according to the surface retreatments: (a) 110 ㎛ Al₂O₃ airborne-particle abrasion, (r) 110 ㎛ silica modified Al₂O₃ airborne-particle abrasion, (D) diamond bur, (Da) diamond bur + 110 ㎛ Al₂O₃ airborne-particle abrasion, and (Dr) diamond bur + 110 ㎛ silica modified Al₂O₃ airborne-particle abrasion. Cylinders of self-adhesive resin cement were cemented onto each treated ceramic surface and subjected to micro-shear bond strength test. Additional specimens were prepared for roughness and wettability analyses. The data were subjected to t-test and One-way ANOVA followed by Tukey's post hoc test (α=.05). RESULTS. At stage 1, group R presented higher bond strength values than group A (P=.000). There was a statistically significant increase of bond strength at stage 2 for group A (P=.003). The diamond bur influenced the surface roughness, increasing the values (P=.023). Group R provided better wettability. Regardless of the applied surface treatment, most of failures were adhesive. CONCLUSION. The combination of application and reapplication of Rocatec Plus showed the best results of bond strength. Surface retreatment and recementation might be an indicated clinical strategy.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• 제56권9호
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• pp.389-395
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• 2013

Purpose: This single-center study was conducted to assess the changes in epidemiological and clinical characteristics and outcomes of patients with Kawasaki disease (KD) over the past 7 years. Methods: This retrospective study included 135 children with KD, admitted to Chungnam National University Hospital, Daejeon, between 2004 and 2005 (group A, n=53) and between 2011 and 2012 (group B, n=82). Medical records were reviewed to obtain information regarding the presenting signs and symptoms, demographic characteristics, and laboratory and echocardiographic findings associated with KD. Results: The hospital admission date after onset was significantly earlier in group B than in group A (P=0.008). The proportion of patients with incomplete KD was 45.3% and 65.9% in group A and B, respectively (P=0.018). The number of pretreatment coronary artery lesions (CALs) were significantly lesser in group B than in group A. (10/53 vs. 5/82, P=0.021). No significant differences was observed in the incidence of CALs at discharge, febrile phase duration, hospital stay duration, incidence of retreatment, and intravenous immunoglobulin dose between 2 groups. The total febrile phase was shorter in patients with incomplete KD than in those with complete KD in both groups. Conclusion: The proportion of incomplete KD has become higher. Furthermore, early admission and management of patients with KD may be related to increased incomplete KD and decreased CALs. Therefore, we believe that a diagnostic strategy for incomplete KD should be established regardless of the presence of coronary lesions.

• 생태와환경
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• 제35권2호통권98호
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• pp.133-140
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• 2002

본 연구는 실험실규모의 산화지 공법을 적용하였다. 체류시간 변화 및 산화지 형태가 처리율에 미치는 영향을 조사하였다. 조류의 광합성에 대한 유기물 제거율과 용존산소와의 상관관계는 야간에 비해 주간의 상관성이 더 높은 것으로 나타났고, 단일지의 경우는 체류시간 15일의 경우가 5일에 비해 상관성이 더 높은 것으로 조사되었다. 시간대별 DO변화는 체류시간 5일의 경우 다단산화지 내의 DO농포는 $42{\sim}19.8\;mg/l$를 나타내었고, 첫번째 조에 비해 후단으로 갈수록 높아졌다. 유기물 처리효율은 체류시간 5일이고, 4단 직렬식 다단 산화지 시설에서 제거효율이 더 높았다. 유기물 제거효율로 $TBOD_5$ 평균 제거율은 $49{\sim}83%$를 나타내었고, $SBOD_5$의 경우는 $87{\sim}92%$의 높은 처리율을 나타내었다. 또한 산화지내 조류생성량을 일정 농도로 유지시켜 주는 것이 산화지 공법의 처리율을 높일 수 있는 것으로 나타났다.

• 대한치과교정학회지
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• 제44권4호
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• pp.203-216
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• 2014

The purpose of the current report is to present 6-year long-term stability and 10-year follow-up data for an adult patient who was treated with a tongue elevator for relapsed anterior open-bite. The 19-year-old male patient presented with the chief complaint of difficulty in chewing his food. Collectively, clinical and radiographic examinations revealed an anterior open-bite, low tongue posture, and tongue-tie. The patient opted for orthodontic treatment alone, without any surgical procedure. A lingual frenectomy was recommended to avoid the risk of relapse, but the patient declined because he was not experiencing tongue discomfort. Initial treatment of the anterior open-bite with molar intrusion and tongue exercises was successful, but relapse occurred during the retention period. A tongue elevator was used for retreatment, because the approach was minimally invasive and suited the patient's requirements regarding discomfort, cost, and time. The appliance changed the tongue posture and generated an altered tongue force, which ultimately resulted in intrusive dentoalveolar effects, and a subsequent counterclockwise rotation of the mandible. The results showed long-term stability and were maintained for six years through continual use of the tongue elevator. The results of this case indicated that a tongue elevator could be used not only as an alternative treatment for open-bite, but also as an active retainer.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제46권3호
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• pp.221-225
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• 2009

Objective : Surgical treatment of posterior inferior cerebellar artery (PICA) aneurysms is challenging due to limited surgical accessibility. Endovascular approach has a benefit of avoiding direct injury to the brainstem or lower cranial nerves. Therefore, it has recently been considered an alternative or primary modality for PICA aneurysms. We retrospectively assessed outcomes following detachable coil embolization of saccular PICA aneurysms. Methods : From February 1997 to December 2007, we performed endovascular procedures to treat 15 patients with 15 PICA aneurysms. Fourteen patients with 14 PICA aneurysms morphology of which was saccular were reviewed retrospectively. Twelve patients had ruptured aneurysms. The aneurysms arose from the PICA origin site (n=12), the PICA lateral medullary segment (n=1), or the PICA tonsilomedullary segment (n=1). Results : Complete aneurysm occlusion was achieved in 10 patients, residual neck in 3, and residual sac in one. Radiological follow-up was performed in 7 patients with mean duration of 34.7 months (range, 1-97 months) and showed stable or complete occlusion in 6 patients. There were no rebleeding or retreatment after endovascular treatment. Thromboembolism was the only procedure-related complication (n=4 ; 28.6%). Asymptomatic PICA infarction occurred in two patients and symptomatic PICA infarction in two elderly patients with poor clinical grade. Of these procedural PICA infarction cases, 1 symptomatic PICA infarction patient developed ventriculitis and septic shock leading to death. The clinical outcome was good in 10 patients (71.4%). Conclusions : In the present study, detachable coil embolization has shown as an efficient modality for PICA saccular aneurysms challenging indications of microsurgery. However, thromboembolic complications should be considered, especially in poor clinical elderly patients with ruptured aneurysms.

• 대한치과의사협회지
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• 제54권3호
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• pp.206-216
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• 2016

Objectives The aim of this study was to evaluate the antibacterial effect of xanthorrhizol (XTZ) on E. faecalis, compared with 2% chlorhexidine (CHX). Materials and Methods Normal physiological state (NS), starvation state (SS), and alkalization state (AS) of E. faecalis were used. A solution containing 1% XTZ in 30% ethanol, 1% dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), and 100 mg/ml sodium methyl cocoyl taurate was used and is referred to as Xan in this study. To determine the minimal bactericidal concentration (MBC) of Xan and CHX, $500{\mu}l$ of E. faecalis (NS and two stress states) was added to a microtube containing $500{\mu}l$ of serial 2-fold dilutions of 1% Xan and 2% CHX (1:2-1:128). The MBC of each antimicrobial was determined by the plate count method. Results The antibacterial effect of Xan was more effective on E. faecalis in AS than in the other states (NS, SS) at 0.125% Xan and 0.03325% Xan (P<0.05). In contrast, the antibacterial effect of CHX was more effective against E. faecalis in SS than the other states (NS, AS) at 0.0625% CHX (P<0.05). In SS, the antibacterial effect of CHX was more effective than that of Xan at 0.125% and 0.0625% (P<0.05). However, in AS, the antibacterial effect of Xan was more effective than that of CHX at 0.0625% and 0.03325% (P<0.05). Conclusions In endodontic retreatment cases in which it is important to effectively remove E. faecalis from the infected root canal, Xan may be more suitable when combined with NaOCl than CHX.

• 대한치과의사협회지
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• 제56권2호
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• pp.84-93
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• 2018

Purpose: This study evaluated the apical root canal system of maxillary second molars, in which conventional endodontic treatment had failed. Materials and Methods: One hundred eighteen extracted endodontically failed maxillary second molars were examined to investigate the root canal morphology using clinical photographs. High-resolution cross-sectional images at the 3mm level from the root apices were taken to evaluate the anatomic variations and canal cleanliness. The incidence of anatomic variations and canals containing debris were evaluated statistically. Results: One (0.85%) maxillary second molar had four separate roots, while 52 (44.07%) had three separate roots. The remaining 65 (55.08%) showed 6 different types of fusion in their roots. As the number of fused roots increased from none to three, the incidence of isthmuses in the cross-sectional images increased significantly from 43.40% to 76.92% in 2-root fusion and 88.46% in 3-root fusion. In addition, the occurrence of less-cleansed canals increased from 22.64% to 38.46% and 53.85%, respectively (p<0.05). Sixty four teeth (54.24%) had 3 canals while 38(32.2%) had additional canals; most of them were located in the MB roots (81.58%). Seventy six (64.41%) had isthmuses in the apical region and 58 out of 76 were located in MB roots. Condlusions: Logistic analysis indicated that the less division of roots was associated significantly with the occurrence of insufficient cleaning during endodontic treatment (OR=1.765, p<0.05), while the presence of an additional canal showed no association.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• 제43권2호
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• pp.16.1-16.9
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• 2018

Objectives: Understanding the reason for an unsuccessful non-surgical endodontic treatment outcome, as well as the complex anatomy of the root canal system, is very important. This study examined the cross-sectional root canal structure of mandibular first molars confirmed to have failed non-surgical root canal treatment using digital images obtained during intentional replantation surgery, as well as the causative factors of the failed conventional endodontic treatments. Materials and Methods: This study evaluated 115 mandibular first molars. Digital photographic images of the resected surface were taken at the apical 3 mm level and examined. The discolored dentin area around the root canal was investigated by measuring the total surface area, the treated areas as determined by the endodontic filling material, and the discolored dentin area. Results: Forty 2-rooted teeth showed discolored root dentin in both the mesial and distal roots. Compared to the original filled area, significant expansion of root dentin discoloration was observed. Moreover, the mesial roots were significantly more discolored than the distal roots. Of the 115 molars, 92 had 2 roots. Among the mesial roots of the 2-rooted teeth, 95.7% of the roots had 2 canals and 79.4% had partial/complete isthmuses and/or accessory canals. Conclusions: Dentin discoloration that was not visible on periapical radiographs and cone-beam computed tomography was frequently found in mandibular first molars that failed endodontic treatment. The complex anatomy of the mesial roots of the mandibular first molars is another reason for the failure of conventional endodontic treatment.