• 대한가정학회지
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• 제45권1호
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• pp.9-21
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• 2007

This research investigated the retired elderly who had moved to rural areas. The propose of the study was to examine the point at which there must be a difference in the patterns of a return to farming and determine the actual condition of their preparations for migration. This study had surveyed 408 seniors who wereare over 50 years old and had moved to rural areas after their retirement and analyzed the data by the SPSS PC 11.0 program. The results were as follows. First, the relevancy of U-turn, J-turn, and I-turn types that were affected by social demography was found to be dependent on their education levels and family patterns. Second, the actual conditions of the process of preparation by the types of a return to the farming were different according to the motivation and preparation fund. Nevertheless, the most important factor was the influence of their spouses. Third, the actual conditions of the process of adaptation by the patterns of a return to the farming showed no difference between the degree of efforts of the social supportand elevation of the friendship among the neighbors. The recognition of rural life problems were more acquainted towards the area of farming life. Among the 6 problem areas, leisure, health care, and economic problems were highly considered.

• International journal of advanced smart convergence
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.113-121
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• 2021

This study was conducted on 1,174 retirees in their 50s and 60s nationwide using the 7th data of the National Pension Service's National Elderly Security Panel Survey. We were able to confirm the following results through the SPSS WIN 18.0 program.. First, men showed a higher level of education than women. From these results, it is expected that men will be better prepared for retirement. Second, men had spouses and two or more household members than women. According to previous studies showing that men are better prepared for retirement if they have a spouse, it is expected that men are better prepared for retirement. Second, 38% of men and 62% of women were voluntary retirees. Third, both men and women responded that their own and spouses should play the main role in preparing for retirement. Fourth, both men and women had very low rates of preparation for old age, economic independence, and public and private pensions. Among them, women were lower than men. Fifth, economic problem solving, health, and medical care were the priority as parts to be done for retirement in oneself and society. Based on these results, the directions for preparing retirees for retirement are as follows. First, education on wage peak system, retirement age extension and financial management for involuntary retirees is required, and guidance and management methods on health care and disease should be provided to address needs for health and health care. Women had more voluntary retirees than men, and they need to know why. Second, when both men and women are very poor at preparing for retirement, there should be job creation measures to ensure that they and their spouses are fully prepared for retirement.

• International Journal of Stem Cells
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.173-182
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• 2022

Background and Objectives: Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) show considerable promise in regenerative medicine. Many studies demonstrated that BMSCs cultured in vitro were highly heterogeneous and composed of diverse cell subpopulations, which may be the basis of their multiple biological characteristics. However, the exact cell subpopulations that make up BMSCs are still unknown. Methods and Results: In this study, we used single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-Seq) to divide 6,514 BMSCs into three clusters. The number and corresponding proportion of cells in clusters 1 to 3 were 3,766 (57.81%), 1,720 (26.40%), and 1,028 (15.78%). The gene expression profile and function of the cells in the same cluster were similar. The vast majority of cells expressed the markers defining BMSCs by flow cytometry and gene expression analysis. Each cluster had at least 20 differentially expressed genes (DEGs). We conducted Gene Ontology enrichment analysis on the top 20 DEGs of each cluster and found that the three clusters had different functions, which were related to self-renewal, multilineage differentiation and cytokine secretion, respectively. In addition, the function of the top 20 DEGs of each cluster was checked by the National Center for Biotechnology Information gene database to further verify our hypothesis. Conclusions: This study indicated that scRNA-Seq can be used to divide BMSCs into different subpopulations, demonstrating the heterogeneity of BMSCs.