• 한국프랜차이즈경영연구
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• 제9권4호
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• pp.33-43
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• 2018

Purpose - In hotel industry, quality of leader-member exchange(LMX) relationship is very critical, because it impacts on the employee's work attitude and behaviors. Thus, this research examines the effect of LMX on employee loyalty in the context of hotel business and identifies mediating roles of work stressors, work role performance in the relationship between LMX and employee loyalty. This research suggests the guidelines for how hotel leaders should manage their employees and build employee loyalty that improve management and business performance. Research design, data, and methodology - This study tests the structural relationship between LMX, work stressors, work role performance, and employee loyalty. Work role performance divide into three sub-dimensions such as individual task proficiency, individual task adaptivity, and individual task proactivity. In order to examine the purposes of this research, research model and hypotheses were developed. All constructs were measured with multiple items developed and tested in the previous studies. The data were collected from 113 franchise hotel employees and were analyzed using SPSS 22.0 and SmartPLS 3 program. Result - The findings of this research are as follows. First, leader-member exchange(LMX) have significant positive impacts on work stressors, work role performance, and employee loyalty. Second, work stressors have significant negative impacts on work role performance and employee loyalty. Third, work role performance has significant positive impact on employee loyalty. Conclusions - The outcomes of this research indicate that hotel leaders should focus on the dyadic relationship with their employees how to improve employee productivity through LMX relationship. In turn, the quality of this relationship influences employees's work attitudes and behaviors. As a result of increasing job demands in hotel business which relies heavily on human resources, the hotel leader must find ways to prevent or reduce stressors and associated strains. If hotel employees perceive the high quality of LMX relationship, they improve their work role performance which influences loyalty. Therefore, the hotel leaders should develop monetary or non-monetary reward system for the employees and, make an efforts to have unique social exchange relationships with employees.

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제31권1호
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• pp.173-184
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• 2018

This research was conducted to examine coffee shop customers' preference and satisfaction by different types of promotion. Research samples ware adults with experience of any form of coffee shop promotion (n=209). Descriptive statistics, Chi-square, t-test and one-way ANOVA were used to analyze the relations among variables. Results showed that 'free coupon' was the most preferred ones. SNS was the most frequently used search method for coffee shop coupon promotion information. The most preferred event promotion was 'freebies', and preference levels were significantly different by age and employment status. 'Barista experience' was ranked highest in preference among cultural experience events. Drinking coffee was the most important purpose of visiting coffee shops, especially among unemployed, twenties, and women respondents. Coupon was evaluated the highest in usefulness and satisfaction among the three promotion methods. Event and cultural experience were preferred more by respondents in their twenties than those in their thirties. Results indicated that all promotion strategies are effective for increasing customer satisfaction and for inducing revisit. Findings also showed that preference for promotion was affected by customer characteristics such as age and gender. Therefore, coffee shops should consider using the most effective and attractive promotion strategy for their target market, while maintaining a consistent service quality level to fulfill customer expectation.

• 한국의료질향상학회지
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.324-334
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• 1998

Background : Strategic planning is an organizationwide or systemwide, ongoing look into the future usually of 2~3 years, based on objective analysis of the current environment and trends, but it can incorporate both short-term and long-term goals. The strategic planning process includes external analysis, internal analysis, issue analysis, development of mission, vision and values, and lastly development of organizational goals and objectives. As a part of the strategic quality planning process, certain service lines, important organizationwide functions, or key processes supporting these functions can be prioritized to expedite and roll out certain strategic goals. This is called strategic quality initiatives. Methods : We organized a quality improvement team, a subgroup of 21st century vision planning corps of our medical center, and pursued QI activities for improvement of healthcare environment, particularly in the admission setting. We developed a strategic quality initiative based on the results of patient satisfaction surveys, and carried out functions of self-directed work team. Results : The strategic goal was to be the benchmark for peer group hospitals in Korea for providing cost-effective best-practice. The QI team included 3 medical doctors, 1 nurse, 1 social worker, and 1 QI consultant as well as many operational members to support services and quality initiatives met every Tuesday for 18 weeks. Outcome objectives were to improve patient satisfaction score. The issues included in the objectives were comfort, temperature, noise, cleanliness of the admission wards, quality and education of patient meals, matters regarding the admission process, and an appurtenant facility such as restaurant or convenience store. Every issue was discussed and recommendations, conclusions and opportunities were implemented. Conclusions : By developing a strategic quality initiative as a part of the strategic quality planning process, and pursuing a self-directed work team, certain sen/ice lines, important organizationwide functions, or key processes supporting these functions can be improved effectively within a short period. Strategic quality initiatives serve to support, or roll out, certain strategic goals that are relevant to performance improvement and development of specific measurable outcome objectives, and associated performance measure for each initiative. Each strategic quality initiative should include a statement of intent outcome objectives, and performance measures. We will come back with follow up of the strategic quality initiative, for improvement of healthcare environment, and results of patient satisfaction re-survey.

• 아태비즈니스연구
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.193-207
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• 2024

Purpose - With the increase of non-face-to-face activities due to the spread of COVID-19, O2O industry has grown rapidly which reduces contact points between suppliers and consumers. O2O platform is now recognized as an indispensable channel of distribution, but the voice is getting louder that it is necessary to check how it contributes to the performance of suppliers or how its fee system or contract terms affects the expansion of O2O industry as the leading companies tend to monopolize the market. Design/methodology/approach - In this study, the scope was limited to the restaurant industry in which transactions are the most active among the O2O industry and a regression analysis was done on 775 businesses that had used guarantor service from the Seoul Credit Guarantee Foundation. Findings - Analysis on the impact of O2O platform system, information, and service quality on the business performance of the sole proprietors revealed that the system quality represented by ease of use and the information quality determined by level of timely, accurate and reliable information provided to the consumers have a statistically significant effect on the improvement of business performance. In addition, the effect of business performance on the loyalty measured by the likelihood of users continuing to use the service as well as recommending it to others was moderated by the satisfaction with contract terms, not by the fee system. Research implications or Originality - Although the number of O2O platform providers has increased manyfold, the membership rate is no more than 20%, which means that the small business owners are still struggling with digital transformation. In order for the O2O industry, which is now commonplace, to form a healthy ecosystem that satisfies both suppliers and consumers, the standard contract guidelines that are acceptable to both parties must be established and the O2O providers must offer services that help suppliers to improve performance.

• 한국프랜차이즈경영연구
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.41-51
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• 2018

Purpose - In franchise system, how to build the relationship between the franchisor and franchisee through influence strategy is very important, because it affects on the long-term orientation like recontract intentions. Thus, this study examines the effect of mandatory influence strategy on relationship satisfaction, relationship trust, and recontract intentions in the context of food-service franchise industry. This study suggests the guidelines on how franchisor uses their influence strategy on franchisee to maintain and increase the recontract intentions. Research design, data, and methodology - This study examines the structural relationship between mandatory influence strategy, relationship satisfaction, relationship trust, and recontract intentions from the franchisee's perspective. Mandatory influence strategy divide into three sub-dimensions such as request, legalistic plea, threat. In order to test the purposes of this study, research model and hypotheses were developed. Every constructs were measured by multiple items tested and developed in the previous research. Also, the constructs utilized in this research are measured using 7-point scales anchored by "1=strongly disagree" and 7=strongly agree". The data were collected from 496 owner and owner manager franchisees and were analyzed using SPSS 21.0 and Smart PLS 3.0. program. Analysis of frequency was conducted to identify the demographics and general characteristics of the survey subjects. In order to measure the reliability and validity of the measurement tools, confirmatory factor analysis and correlation analysis were conducted and structural model analysis was conducted to verify the proposed research model. Result - The results of this study are as follows. First, this research found that mandatory influence strategy is positively related to relationship satisfaction and relationship trust, but not to recontract intention directly. Second, this research also found that the full mediating role of relationship satisfaction and relationship trust between the mandatory influence strategy and recontract intention. Conclusions - The findings of this research indicate that franchisor should use properly mandatory influence strategy to improve recontract intentions through relationship satisfaction and relationship trust. Due to the nature of food-service franchise industry, which needs high relationship quality, franchisor must manage their franchisee using influence strategy in order to improve satisfaction and trust. If franchisee perceives higher relationship quality, they will show higher intention to recontract. At the end of this paper, limitations and future research directions were suggested.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제37권7호
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• pp.942-952
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• 2008

본 연구는 충북지역 테이크아웃서비스의 경쟁력 강화 및 품질개선을 목적으로 테이크아웃서비스의 이용실태, 품질평가, 전반적인 만족도와 재구매 의도 평가를 실시하였다. 본 연구의 수행을 위하여 충북지역에 거주하는 테이크아웃 서비스 이용경험이 있는 주민을 대상으로 하였으며 설문지는 일반사항, 테이크아웃서비스에 대한 이용실태, 중요도 및 수행도, 전반적인 만족도와 재구매 의도를 조사하기 위한 문항으로 구성되었다. 조사대상자 중 남자는 45.8%, 여자는 54.2%이었으며 20대가 34.9%로 가장 많았다. 미혼이 54.2%, 기혼이 45.8%이었으며 직업은 대부분(41.0%)이 학생이었다. 테이크아웃서비스의 이용실태에 대한 조사결과 대부분(83.9%)이 주 1회 이하의 이용 빈도를 나타냈다. 구입한 음식의 주 용도는 간식용이 65.1%로 나타나 식사보다는 간식으로 이용하는 경우가 더 많았다. 테이크아웃서비스를 이용하는데 지출하는 월 평균 비용은 $1{\sim}3$만원 미만이 45.5%로 나타나 월 평균 외식비 중 테이크아웃서비스 이용에 지출하는 비용은 많지 않았다. 조사대상자의 58.7%(222명)가 5천원 미만의 저렴한 가격대의 테이크아웃서비스를 이용한 음식을 이용하는 것으로 조사되었으며 매장이외의 장소에서 테이크아웃서비스를 이용한 음식을 섭취하는 경우가 대부분(81.7%)이었다. 또한 테이크아웃서비스를 이용하는 주된 이유가 '편리성'과 '시간절약'이었다. 중요도와 수행도 측정 결과를 중심으로 요인분석을 실시한 결과 음식, 위생, 접근성, 서비스영역 등의 4개의 주요차원이 도출되었으며 4개의 요인에 의해 설명되는 누적비율이 60.30%이었다. 테이크아웃서비스 품질특성에 대해 중요도 및 수행도를 분석한 결과 17개의 속성과 이를 구분한 4개 요인 모두에서 중요도가 수행도보다 높게 평가되어 모든 품질에 대해 개선이 필요한 것으로 나타났다. 또한 중요도-수행도 분석 결과 1구간(Focus here)에는 '식재료의 신선도', '음식의 위생', '매장시설의 위생', '종업원의 청결함', '판매가격' 등의 속성이 포함 되었으며 집중적인 관리와 개선이 요구되는 품질 특성이었다. 조사대상자의 일반사항 및 이용현황에 따른 테이크아웃서비스품질특성에 대한 중요도와 수행도를 비교한 결과 남녀 모두 접근성영역을 제외한 요인들의 중요도점수가 '중요하다(4점)' 이상이었다. 또한 대부분의 직업군에서 요인에 대해 중요도점수가 '중요하다(4점)' 이상으로 나타났으며 미혼인 경우 모든 영역에서 중요도점수가 '중요하다(4점)' 이상이었다. 간식용인 경우에는 모든 영역에서 '중요하다(4점)' 이상이었다. 음료인 경우 위생 및 서비스영역에 대한 중요도점수가 '중요하다(4점)' 이상인 것으로 나타난 반면 음식 및 접근성영역은 '중요하다(4점)' 미만이었다. 테이크아웃서비스에 대한 전반적인 만족도와 재구매 의도 평가한 결과 평균 3.08점과 3.33점으로 나타나 '보통이다(3점)'라고 평가되었다. 학생들의 재구매 의도(평균 3.46점)가 가장 높은 것으로 나타난 반면 주부들의 재구매 의도(평균 3.14점)는 가장 낮은 것으로 분석되었으며 점심용으로 구입 시 전반적인 만족도(평균 3.38점)가 가장 높은 것으로 나타난 반면간식용으로 구입 시의 전반적인 만족도(평균 2.99점)가 가장 낮았다. 반찬류에 대한 전반적인 만족도(평균 3.36점)가 가장 높은 반면 음료류에 대한 전반적인 만족도(평균 2.86점)는 가장 낮았다. 또한 음료류와 식사 및 간식류의 재구매 의도(평균 3.30점, 3.37점)가 높았다. 전반적인 만족도 및 재구매 의도에 영향을 주는 테이크아웃서비스 품질특성을 분석한 결과 전반적인 만족도 및 재구매 의도는 품질특성들과 양(+)의 방향으로 높은 유의한 상관관계가 있었다. 또한 접근성영역이 전반적인 만족도에 영향을 미치는 가장 중요한 요인으로 나타났고 다음에 위생영역이 전반적인 만족도에 유의한 영향을 미치는 것으로 분석되었다. 재구매 의도에 가장 영향을 미치는 요인은 위생영역으로 나타났으며 다음으로 음식영역이 재구매 의도에 유의한 영향을 미치는 것으로 분석되었다.

• 한국조리학회지
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.103-118
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• 2015

본 연구는 외식업 식공간 색채 및 디자인 연출이 고객의 심리적 반응과 만족 및 재이용에 미치는 영향력을 밝히는 데 목적을 갖고 외식 고객 400명을 대상으로 실증 조사하였는데, 그 결과는 다음과 같다. 외식업 식공간 색채 및 디자인 연출이 고객의 심리적 반응과 만족 및 재이용의도에 미치는 영향력에 대한 검정결과, 유의적이며 긍정적인 정(+)의 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 이는 갈수록 높아져만 가는 고객의 욕구와 치열한 경쟁 환경에서 자사의 외식업 속성으로서의 음식의 맛 이외에 실내 환경과 조화된 기술, 장치장식, 음향, 디자인적 요소를 연출로 이미지화함으로써 고객의 심리적 반응을 인지함과 동시적 요소가 고유의 상징성을 부여한 감정적 반응을 촉진시키기 위함으로서 긍정적으로 평가된 서비스에 대한 결과로서 종국적으로 심리적 만족으로 이어지고, 이는 다시 재방문으로 연결될 수 있음을 의미한 것이라 할 수 있다.

• 한국조리학회지
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.175-204
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• 1999

Today, the hotel industry in a whole are facing serious problems with a number of reasons. To overcome this situation, Customer-Oriented Marketing is considered to be a solution for the hotel F & B management, due to the potential of F & B department. The main purpose of this study was to present the Food and Beverage Marketing Mix Strategies suitable for the market characteristics. To achieve the purpose of this study, theoretical and empirical approaches were used. In review of theoritical background, basic concepts and characteristics of hotel F & B, hotel F & B marketing environment, and hotel F & B marketing mix were studied. Based on the theoritical studies and previous studies, F & B marketing mix sub-components were chosen. In this research, F & B 5P's and 1I marketing mix are discussed, they are Product, Price, Promotion, People, Physical evidence and Image. Through the survey, a number of important segment markets are emerged, which lead to essential segment markets ; business, conference and leisure market. F & B marketing mix strategies as follows. First, for the physical evidence mix, to build up the position as deluxe hotels, it is necessary to matte an investment in technical and decorative components. Second, for the people mix, to assure the service quality, the education and training programs for employee are required. Third, for the image mix, to ensure the image of hotel brand strength, the consideration for public area layout, restaurant and bar ambience, and green policy are required. Fourth, for the product and price mix, to differentiate the F & B, it is necessary to offer thorned and ethnic cuisine, and signature restaurants. Fifth, for the promotion mix, to attract more cumstomers, creative and various promotion activities, and long-term investment in customer-oriented marketing are required. There were some limitations in this study. That is, most of hotels don't operate the concrete and effective F & B marketing, have difficulty in getting data base for F & B customer. Despite their limitations, this study add some values to hotel F & B management in that it introduce the service marketing mix strategies to hotel F & B marketing.

• 디지털콘텐츠학회 논문지
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.535-542
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• 2017

유비쿼터스 컴퓨팅은 사용자의 위치, 상태, 행동정보, 주변 상황 등의 컨텍스트를 인식할 수 있게 하였는데 이로 인해 사용자에게 필요한 서비스를 빠르고 정확하게 제공해 줄 수 있게 되었다. 이와 같은 개인화 추천 서비스는 사용자의 컨텍스트 정보를 인식하고 해석하는 추론기술이 필요한데 본 논문에서는 실생활과 가장 밀접한 음식점을 날씨, 시간, 요일, 위치의 모바일 컨텍스트 데이터를 기반으로 행동 패턴을 추론하여 추천하는 모델을 연구한다. 연구를 위해 자사에서 직접 서비스 하고 있는 사용자 평가 기반 음식점 추천 서비스의 장소와 사용자 생성 데이터를 활용하였고, 행동패턴을 추론하기 위해 나이브 베이즈 방정식을 사용했다. 그리고 선호도 예측 알고리즘을 활용하여 추천 장소를 선정하였다. 시스템으로 구현하여 평가 기반의 추천 방식보다 본 논문에서 제시한 연구의 우수성도 입증하였다.

• 한국식생활문화학회지
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• 제21권6호
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• pp.629-637
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• 2006

This exploratory study is to analyze the status of star menus and suggest the development strategy of star menus in the western restaurants of the tourism hotels in Seoul. The data was collected from the chefs who have been working over 15-years in tourism hotels in Seoul by judgement sampling. The questionnaire was composed of Miller and Pavesic's 'Fifty tips for a successful menu' and Khan's 'The evaluation of menu item development', The 30-menu items were selected from the 1st survey on the menu items that were high in both popularity and contribution margin by menu engineering method. The selected menu items were analyzed by 14 lists: simplicity, ready availability of ingredients, quality, flavor, presentation, preparation, service method, nutrition quality, preference, profitability, serving temperature, descriptive copy of menu and publicity. As a result of the study, appetizer category was recorded the highest score by 4.09. Smoked salmon, Tomato and mozzarella cheese, Cream of mushroom, Cream of asparagus, French onion soup, Grilled beef tenderloin, Grilled rib-eye steak, Roasted lamb rack, King prawn, Seafood spaghetti, Chef's salad, Caesar salad, Organic salad, Fruit plate, Italian tiramisu and Yogurt ice cream were recorded high score. The development strategy of star menu is belows : the menu writer must consider the productivity, effectiveness, popularity and profitability, the regular customers want varieties and creativity in the menu and the operators have to include the star menu items in the set menu.