• 한국지하수토양환경학회지:지하수토양환경
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• 제10권4호
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• pp.45-53
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• 2005

본 연구의 목적은 실제 디젤유로 오염된 불포화 토양을 복원하기 위해 수행되었던 고온공기 주입 파일롯 테스트에서 토양온도 변화가 생분해 속도에 미치는 영향을 알아보고자 히는 것이었고, 이것을 토대로 현장 생분해 속도, 최적의 생분해 온도 및 1차 분해 속도 상수를 도출하고 총복원기간을 예측해 보았다. 실험은 과거 디젤유 누출 사고가 있었던 고농도 오염지역에 대해 토양의 온도별 현장 호흡률(in-situ respiration)을 약 10일 간격으로 측정하는 식으로 진행되었다. 적용된 복원공법은 고온공기를 주입/추출하여 1차적으로 오염된 디젤 성분을 휘발, 추출하고 이어서 토양의 잔열과 미생물 생분해를 이용하여 토양내 잔류 디젤을 제거하는 후속공정으로 이루어졌다. 토양온도 $26\sim60^{\circ}C$ 범위에서 산소소비속도는 $2.2\sim46.3%/day$ 값을 보였고 $32^{\circ}C$에서 가장 빠른 46.3%/day를 나타냈다. 산소소비속도를 기준으로 하여 계산한 0차반응 생분해 속도(biodegradation rate)는 $6.5\sim21.3mg/kg-day$ 이었고 역시 토양온도 $ 32^{\circ}C$ 에서 최대값을 보였고 그 이전과 이후는 각각 감소된 값을 나타냈다. 주기적으로 측정된 현장호흡률을 바탕으로 계산한 1차 분해속도 k는 몇가지 온도 범위에서 즉, $0.0027\;d^{-1}(@32.8^{\circ}C),\;0.0013\;d^{-1}(@41.1^{\circ}C)$ 그리고 $0.0006\;d^{-1}(@52.7^{\circ}C)$ 이었다. 토양의 초기 TPH 농도 대비목표 농도를 870 mg/kg으로 가정했을 경우 소요 복원기간은 $2\mu9$년 정도 소요되는 것으로 예측되었다.

• 한국동물생명공학회지
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• 제34권3호
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• pp.173-182
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• 2019

This study was performed to evaluate the effect of heat stress on the status of physiological responses, blood parameter, serum T3 and cortisol, and heat shock proteins (HSP 27, 70, and 90) of Hanwoo cattle. Six Hanwoo steers (242.8 ± 7.2 kg of BW) were housed in the climate-controlled respiration chambers. The experiment consisted of 7 days (control; 0 day) at thermoneutral (air temperature (Ta) of 15℃ and relative humidity (RH) of 60%; temperature-humidity index (THI) = 64), and by 3 and 6 days (treatment groups) at heat stress (Ta of 35℃ and RH of 60%; THI = 87). Body temperature of each parts (frank, rump, perineum and foot) and rectal temperature elevated in heat stress groups (3 days and 6 days) than the control group (0 day). Respiration rates increased in 3 days and 6 days (88.5 ± 0.96 bpm and 86.3 ± 0.63 bpm, respectively) from 0 days (39.5 ± 0.65 bpm). Feed intake significantly decreased in heat stress groups (3 days and 6 days, 3.7 ± 0.14 kg and 4.0 ± 0.15 kg, respectively) than the control group (0 day, 5.0 ± 0.00 kg). In addition, final BW significantly decreased in heat stress groups (3 days and 6 days, 211.8 ± 4.75 kg and 215.5 ± 3.50 kg, respectively) than the control group (0 day, 240.0 ± 25.00 kg). However, heat stress has no significant effect on blood parameter, serum T3 and cortisol. Nevertheless, heat stress increased HSPs mRNA expression in liver tissue, and serum concentration of HSPs. Despite Hanwoo cattle may have high adaptive ability to heat stress, our results suggested that heat stress directly effect on body temperature and respiration rate as well as serum and tissue HSPs. Therefore, we are recommended that HSPs could be the most appropriate indicators of Hanwoo cattle response to heat stress.

• 원예과학기술지
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• 제29권6호
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• pp.592-599
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• 2011

Plum is a climacteric fruit and softening is a serious problem for storage and transportation. Thus $1{\mu}L{\cdot}L^{-1}$ of 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP) was applied to plums to prolong their shelf life and maintain quality. Japanese plums (Prunus salicina cv. Formosa) were stored at $20^{\circ}C$ and $0^{\circ}C$ for 14 days and 46 days respectively, with or without 1-MCP treatment. Fruits were treated with $1{\mu}L{\cdot}L^{-1}$ 1-MCP at $10^{\circ}C$ for 24 h. Ethylene production and respiration rate were strongly inhibited in 1-MCP-treated fruits at $20^{\circ}C$. It was also observed that there was less ethanol and acetaldehyde evaporation in 1-MCP-treated fruits stored at $20^{\circ}C$ compared to those in control fruits not treated with 1-MCP. Fruit qualities, such as firmness, titratable acidity (TA), skin color, and decay, changed more slowly in 1-MCP-treated fruits stored at $20^{\circ}C$ than in untreated fruits. There were no differences in the ethylene production or respiration rate between the groups of fruits stored at $0^{\circ}C$ throughout the experiment. Chilling injury was also inhibited by the application of 1-MCP during storage at $0^{\circ}C$. When the fruits stored at $0^{\circ}C$ with or without 1-MCP were transferred to $20^{\circ}C$ after 25 days, the differences in ethylene production and respiration rate, firmness, TA, TSS, and acetaldehyde and ethanol evaporation between the initial (after being stored at $0^{\circ}C$ for 25 days) and the final measurements (after being stored at $0^{\circ}C$ for 25 days and then transferred to $20^{\circ}C$ for three days) were lower in 1-MCP treated fruits than in non-treated fruits. The postharvest application of 1-MCP in Formosa plums showed positive effects at both $0^{\circ}C$ and $20^{\circ}C$ storage conditions with regard to quality, such as low ethylene production and low respiration rates, firmness, TA, ethanol, and acetaldehyde evaporation, chilling injury, and decay.

• 환경생물
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• 제32권4호
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• pp.363-370
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• 2014

생태계가 담당하는 기능의 크기와 그 변화에 관여하는 환경요인과의 상호관계성 도출은 생태계의 과학적 속성 이해에 필수불가결한 요소이다. 본 연구는 수변의 특이적 환경조건에 의해 주기적인 교란과 토양 퇴적환경이 발달하는 하천 수변지역에 형성되어 있는 하천식생에 대해 토양탄소축적량을 정량하고 그러한 식생의 토양으로부터 방출되는 토양호흡과 환경요소 자료를 수집하여 각 요소의 상호간의 관계성을 분석하였다. 남한강 여주지역에서 물억새, 달뿌리풀, 버드나무에서 토양호흡은 2009년 8월부터 11월까지 각 군락에서 수집하였으며, 토양탄소축적량은 각 군락의 3지점에서 수집하였다. 토양호흡은 지온변화에 민감하게 반응하였으며, 가장 높게 관찰되는 8월의 토양호흡값은 달뿌리풀군락, 물억새군락, 버드나무군락에서 각각 $1,539mgCO_2\;m^{-2}$, $1,200mgCO_2\;m^{-2}$, $1,215mgCO_2\;m^{-2}$으로 측정되었다. 이러한 자료를 바탕으로 산정한 연간 토양호흡량은 달뿌리풀군락, 물억새군락, 버드나무군락에서 각각 $19.8tCha^{-1}yr^{-1}$, $30.1tCha^{-1}yr^{-1}$, $22.0tCha^{-1}yr^{-1}$으로 산정되어 물억새군락의 토양에 가장 높은 탄소가 축적된 것으로 평가되었다. 한편, 토양탄소축적량 (리터층+토양층)은 달뿌리풀군락, 물억새군락, 버드나무군락에서 각각 $40.6tCha^{-1}$ (1.9+38.7), $46.9tCha^{-1}$ (43.0+3.9), $31.2tCha^{-1}$ (28.9+2.3)으로 물억새군락의 토양에 가장 많은 탄소가 축적된 것으로 조사되었으며 이는 물억새군락의 높은 지상부 생산성에서 기인하는 것으로 판단된다.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.133-143
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• 1975

Most of mothers place their babies in either supine or prone position without change of position. Studies comparing supine and prone position of the newborn infants -have already been performed with the result that the prone position is relatively better than the supine position. However, one kind of position recommended to the mothers is not sufficient for the good rearing practice of children, because the same position placed for period long of time may bring out physical, mental tension and fatigue, and deformities of the skull and the thorax. For this reason nurses have to find out other position which has identical or more advantages than prone position so as to perform the position change for the babies. Main purpose of this study is to identify the differences of vital signs, the number of urination, defecation, diaper rash, crying and amount of feeding of the newborn infants with prone position or lateral position during the first three days of life. Sixty two newborn infants who were delivered at Seoul National University Hospital during the period from July 1 to September 5, 1974 were chosen as subjects for this study. The criteria for the choice of subjects were the babies born with vaginal delivery; body weight 2.5kg or over at birth; Apgar score Seven or over; and gestation period between thirty-eight months ana forty- two months. Of these subjects, by random sampling, thirty-one newborn infants were placed in the prone position and the other thirty-one in the lateral position. The results of this study reviewed in a statistical analysis of the t-test to obtain the following findings : 1. The heart rates of babies in the prone position were the mean heart rates of 135.03 and those in the lateral position 135.98 without any statistically significant difference. 2. There was no significant difference of respiration rate between two groups : a group in the prone position showed the mean respiration rates of 45,57 and the other in the lateral position 46.49. 3. There was no significant difference of body temperature between two groups: the mean body temperature of a group placed in the prone position was 98$^{\circ}$18'F(36$^{\circ}$77'C) and that of the other group 98$^{\circ}$20'F(36$^{\circ}$78'C). 4. One baby showed diaper rash only in a group of infants in the prone position. 5. The number of crying of the babies in the prone position were 23.70 and those in the lateral position 30.00 with a statistical difference at 5 percent level. 6, There was no difference of frequency of urination between two groups: the mean frequency of a group placed in tile prone position was 5.44 and that of the other group 5.06, 7. There was no significant difference of frequency of defecation between two groups : the mean frequency of a group placed in the prone position was 4.20 and that of tile other group 4.21, 8. There was no significant difference of feeding amount between two groups : the average amount of a group in the prone position showed 325.03 and that of the other group in the lateral position 291.51. All the above results mean that we may substitute tile lateral position for the Prone position or utilize both position for tile rearing practice of the babies.

• 생물환경조절학회지
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.19-26
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• 2017

본 연구에서는 동양배 '진황'의 1-MCP처리 후 유통온도에 따른 과실의 품질 변화를 관찰하였다. 과실의 감모율의 경우 저장온도가 낮을수록 적었으며 1-MCP처리구가 무처리구 보다 유의하게 적은 감모를 보였다. 수확 후 1-MCP처리는 과육경도에서 유통온도(18, 25 및 $30^{\circ}C$)와 관계없이 20N이상으로 무처리구보다 높게 유지되었다. 과피색의 변화는 모든 처리구에서 저장기간이 길어질수록 어두워졌으며, $a^*$값은 18 및 $25^{\circ}C$에서는 처리구간 차이를 보이지 않았지만, $30^{\circ}C$에서는 1-MCP처리구가 유의하게 적은 변화를 보였다. 과실의 생리장해에서 과심갈변, 분질과 발생은 저장온도가 낮을수록 발생이 적었으며, 1-MCP 처리구가 무처리구 보다 낮은 발생을 보였다. '진황'과실에서 1-MCP처리후 유통온도에 따른 과실의 품위유지 기간은 18 및 $25^{\circ}C$에서는 28일 내외이며, $30^{\circ}C$에서는 21일 내외로 1-MCP 처리로 유통기간을 약 7일 이상의 품위유지에 효과를 보였다. 이러한 결과는 특히 고온의 시장조건에서는 조생종 '진황' 과실에 1-MCP처리가 품위유지에 효과적인 것으로 사료된다.

• 대한의용생체공학회:의공학회지
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• 제33권1호
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• pp.1-7
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• 2012

Hemorrhagic shock is a common cause of death in emergency rooms. Early diagnosis of hemorrhagic shock makes it possible for physicians to treat patients successfully. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to select an optimal survival prediction model using physiological parameters for the two analyzed periods: two and five minutes before and after the bleeding end. We obtained heart rates, mean arterial pressures, respiration rates and temperatures from 45 rats. These physiological parameters were used for the training and testing data sets of survival prediction models using an artificial neural network (ANN) and support vector machine (SVM). We applied a 5-fold cross validation method to avoid over-fitting and to select the optimal survival prediction model. In conclusion, SVM model showed slightly better accuracy than ANN model for survival prediction during the entire analysis period.

• 한국포장학회지
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.97-101
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• 2017

Fruits are subjected to a variety of vibration stress during the transportation from a production area to markets. Vibration inputs are transmitted from the transporting vehicle through the packaged fruit. And the steady state vibration input may cause serious internal damage of fruit. Product quality of fruits declines by various factors while they are stored right after harvesting and among the substance in charge of post ripening action, ethylene ($C_2H_4$) biosynthesis increases fruits' respiration process after harvesting and decreases storage expectancy. Ethylene production of apples rapidly increases while storage duration becomes longer. This tendency is much clearer for the apples with vibration stress at input acceleration level. When there was no vibration stress, change in ethylene production level of apples are not very large during storage. Ethylene production rates inside the gas collecting container increased significantly ($p{\leq}0.05$) after 24 hours storage, particularly for apples with vibration stress ($0.7{\mu}l/kg{\cdot}hr$ (1st stack), $0.78{\mu}l/kg{\cdot}hr$ (2nd stack), $0.96{\mu}l/kg{\cdot}hr$ (3rd stack)); whereas less ethylene was produced in control apples ($0.18{\mu}l/kg{\cdot}hr$ during storage. Also ethylene production rates of apples according to the stack position were significantly different ($p{\leq}0.05$). The vibration stress clearly accelerated the degradation of apple quality during storage, resulting in increased ethylene production.

• Journal of electromagnetic engineering and science
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• 제5권3호
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• pp.132-139
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• 2005

Wireless bio-signal sensing system, which is based on the principle of Doppler radar, can measure a respiration and heart rates with a periodic movement of skin and muscle near the heart. Though the sensing monostatic system using a circulator has been studied, this bistatic system can be improved by using a circular polarized antenna which has a high isolation between transmitter and receiver. In this paper, we measured the bio-signal without the direct contact with the person. The design of each system and experimental results are discussed.

• 미생물학회지
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.147-156
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• 1985

Seasonal and vertical variations of abiontic soil carboxymethylcellulase (CMCase) activities were assessed every other month for a year in two contrasting forest soils and evaluated the relationships between soil CMCase activity and environmental parameters. In climax deciduous soil, variations in CMCase activities caused by differences in sampling time were greater than those caused by differences in soil depth. On the other hand, counter phenomenon was obserned in coniferous soil at the stage of development. Correlation analyses showed that soil CMCase activities were significantly (p>0.01) correlated with microbial respiration rates ($O_2$ uptake) and all of the microbial population sizes. From these results, it is suggested that determination of abiontic soil CMCase activity is an useful additional index for evaluating the overall microbial growth and activity in soils.