An in vitro study was performed to compare the retentive value of cast post cemented with three commonly used cements and one composite resin. Twenty cast posts were made from twenty extracted lower premolars. The samples were randomly divided into four groups. The first group was cemented with zinc phosphate cement, the second group with polycarboxylate cement, the third group with glass-ionomer cement, and the fourth group with composite resin. The tensile load test was performed on an Instron testing machine with crosshead speed of 2 mm/min and the results were compared statistically. The results were as follows ; 1. The mean value of tensile break force of cemented cast post was 23.36Kg in case of zinc phosphate cement, 16.28Kg in case of polycarboxylate cement, 22.09Kg in case of glass-ionomer cement , and 26.88Kg in case of composite resin. 2. Retention was not significantly different among zinc phosphate cement, glass-ionomer cement and composite resin. 3. Polycarboxylate cement was found to be less retentive than zinc phosphate cement, glass-ionomer cement , and composite resin.
Montes-Fariza, Raquel;Monterde-Hernandez, Manuel;Cabanillas-Casabella, Cristina;Pallares-Sabater, Antonio
The Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics
/
v.8
no.3
/
pp.201-206
/
2016
PURPOSE. The aim of this study was to compare the radiopacity of 6 modern resin cements with that of human enamel and dentine using the Digora digital radiography system, to verify whether they meet the requirements of ANSI/ADA specification no. 27/1993 and the ISO 4049/2000 standard and assess whether their radiopacity is influenced by the thickness of the cement employed. MATERIALS AND METHODS. Three 3-thickness samples (0.5, 1 and 1.5 mm) were fabricated for each material. The individual cement samples were radiographed on the CCD sensor next to the aluminium wedge and the tooth samples. Five radiographs were made of each sample and therefore five readings of radiographic density were taken for each thickness of the materials. The radiopacity was measured in pixels using Digora 2.6 software. The calibration curve obtained from the mean values of each step of the wedge made it possible to obtain the equivalent in mm of aluminium for each mm of the luting material. RESULTS. With the exception of Variolink Veneer Medium Value 0, all the cements studied were more radiopaque than enamel and dentin (P<.05) and complied with the ISO and ANSI/ADA requirements (P<.001). The radiopacity of all the cements examined depended on their thickness: the thicker the material, the greater its radiopacity. CONCLUSION. All materials except Variolink Veneer Medium Value 0 yielded radiopacity values that complied with the recommendations of the ISO and ANSI/ADA. Variolink Veneer Medium Value 0 showed less radiopacity than enamel and dentin.
The purpose of this study is to evaluate of shear bond strength of light-curing composite resin to light-curing glass ionomer cement. Composite resin and glass ionomer cement have been widely used as an esthetic filling materials in dental clinics. To achieve better clinical results, sandwich technic was developed with conpensating for disadvantages of these two materials. Especially, light-curing glass ionomer cement provided greately improved bonding strength of teeth or composite resin, and then excellent clinical results can be acquired. In this study, 6 commercial light-curing glass ionomer cements(3 commercial restorative materials : Fuji II LC, Variglass VLC, Vitremer, and 3 commercial lining materials : Fuji Lining LC, Baseline VLC, Vitrebond) were devided two groups. According to manufacturer's appointment, no surface treatment was referred to N groups. Supposing. of clinical practice, surface grinding with water spray at 320 grit sand paper, 40 seconds etching with 37% phosphoric acid, 20 seconds washing, 20 seconds air drying was referred to N groups. Totally 12 experimental groups were devided, and all 120 specimens from 10 specimens of each groups were made. After light-curing composite resin was bonded to light-curing glass ionomer cement, shear bond strength was tested by Instron universal testing machine between glass ionomer cement and composit resin. The data were analyzed statistically by Student's t-test and ANOVA. The obtained results were as follows; 1. In light-curing glass ionomer cement, restorative materials showed higher shear bond strength to composite resin than lining materials(p<0.05). 2. Variglass VLC of restorative material group and Baseline VLC of lining material group have highest shear bond strength to composite resin(p<0.001). 3. In light-curing glass ionomer cement, surface grinding and acid etching reduced shear bond strength to composite resin(p<0.001)}. 4. VGN group 1s highest shear bond strength to composite resin, VBE group is lowest shear bond strength to composite resin(p<0.001).
The objectives of this study was to evaluate the durability of 4 resin cements by means of microtensile bond strength test combined with thermocycling method and fractographic FE-SEM analysis. Experimental groups were prepared according to thermocycling (0, 1,000, 5,000) and the kind of resin cements, those were Variolink II, Multilink, Panavia F 2.0, Rely X Unicem. Flat dentin surfaces were created on mid-coronal dentin of extracted third molars. Then fresh dentin surface was grounded with 320-grit silicon carbide abrasive papers to create uniform smear layers. Indirect composite block (Tescera, Bisco Inc., Schaumburg, IL, USA) was fabricated ($12\;{\times}\;12\;{\times}\;6\;mm^3$). It's surface for bonding to tooth was grounded with silicon carbide abrasive papers from 180- to 600-grit serially, then sandblasted witk $20\;-\;50\;{\mu}m$ alumina oxide. According to each manufacturer's instruction, dentin surface was treated and indirect composite block was luted on it using each resin cement. For Rely X Unicem, dentin surface was not treated. The bonded tooth-resin block were stored in distilled water at $37^{\circ}C$ for 24 hours. After thermocycling, the bonded tooth-resin block was sectioned occluso-gingivally to 1.0 mm thick serial slabs using all Isomet slow-speed saw (Isomet, Buehler Ltd, Lake Bluff, IL, USA). These sectioned slabs were further sectioned to $1.0\;{\times}\;1.0\;mm^2$ composite-dentin beams. The specimens were tested with universal testing machine (EZ-Test, Shimadzu, Japan) at a crosshead speed of 1.0 mm/min with maximum load of 500 N. The data was analyzed using one-way ANOVA and Duncan's multiple comparison test at $p\;{\leq}\;0.05$ level. Within the limited results, we conclude as follows; 1. The bond strength of Variolink II was evaluated the highest among experimental groups and was significantly decreased after 1,000 thermocycling (p < 0.05). 2. The bond strength of Multilink was more affected by thermocycling than the other experimental groups and significantly decreased after 1,000 thermocycling (p < 0.05). 3. Panavia F 2.0 and Rely X Unicem showed the gradually decreased tendency of microtensile bond strength according to thermocycling but there was no significant difference (p > 0.05). 4. Adhesive based-resin cements showed lower bond strength with or without thermocycling than composite based-resin cements. 5. Variolink II & Multilink showed high bond strength and mixed failure, which was occurred with a thin layer of luting resin cement before thermocycling and gradually increased adhesive failure along the dentin surface after thermocycling. The bonding performance of resin cement can be affected by application procedure and chemical composition. Composite based-resin cement showed higher bond strength and durability than adhesive based-resin cement.
Purpose: The aim of this study was to compare the film thicknesses of several resin cements as a function of time after mixing and to examine the effect of working time on the film thicknesses. Materials and methods: The film thickness (${\mu}m$) of 4 resin cements (n=10), 1 composite resin (Panavia F 2.0), 3 self-adhesive resin (Clearfil SA luting, Zirconite, RelyX U200) cements was measured at 20-second intervals after mixing of the cements up to 200 seconds under a load of 50 N. Linear regression was fitted to verify the effect of working time on the film thickness of each cement. Data were compared to the working time recommended by manufacturers using Wilcoxon test ($\alpha$=.05). Results: All of the materials showed a positive linear correlation between the film thickness and working time. There was no statistically significant difference between the working time based on our results and the values recommended by the manufacturers even though there was a discrepancy between those two values. Conclusion: The film thickness of resin cements could increase with the increase of working time. Working time to meet the ISO standard of $50-{\mu}m$ maximum film thickness could be different from the manufacturer's recommended value.
This study evaluated the shear bond properties of IPS Empress glass ceramic to enamel and dentin surfaces with three ceramic surface treatments, and three resin cements. The influence of thermocycling was also investigated. The purpose of this study was to investigate the influences of resin cements, ceramic surface treatments, and thermocycling on shear bond properties. Ninety freshly extracted, noncarious human molars were selected for this study. The surface treatments of ceramic were etching <5.0% hydrofluoric acid, application of silane coupling agents(Tokuso Ceramic Primer, Clearfil porcelain bond, Monobond-S), and the combination of the two methods. Empress cylinders were bonded to enamel and dentin surfaces with three kinds of resin cements(Bistite resin cement, Panavia 21, Variolink). The specimens were aged in $37^{\circ}C$ distilled water for 24 hours. Half of the specimens were then thermocycled 500times between $5^{\circ}C$ and $55^{\circ}C$ with a dwell time of 15 seconds. Each specimen was debonded in shear mode and measured shear bond properties by using the universal testing machine(Zwick 020, Germany). The data were analyzed by SPSS/PC+(one-way ANOVA, Scheffe' s test and t-test). The results were as follows : 1. Without thermocyling, there was significant difference of shear bond strength to enamel surface between Bistite Resin Cement and Panavia 21 in case of etched and silane-treatment(p<0.05). 2. Without thermocyling, the shear bond strength of a group treated with silane and etching was significantly higher than that of a group treated with silane or etching with the application of Panavia 21 and Variolink(p<0.05). 3. A group treated with etching with the application of Variolink only showed a decrease of shear bond strength after thermocycling(p<0.05).
Journal of Dental Rehabilitation and Applied Science
/
v.18
no.3
/
pp.225-233
/
2002
This study was aimed to evaluate the effects of ultrasonic vibration on margin types and cements by comparing bond strength of cemented crown. In this study, margins of each metal die, which were chamfer, shoulder and shoulder with bevel, were prepared using computer milling machine. Specimens were cemented with zinc phosphate cement or resin cement. The specimens were divided by the finish line and cement used, ultrasonic vibration. I made total 84 specimens. All specimens were divided into two groups. One group was not vibrated, the other group was subjected to ultrasonic vibration for 12 minutes. Tensile bond strength was measured using Universial testing machine. The changes of bond strength in groups were statistically analyzed by t-test or One-way ANOVA. The results were as follows : 1. Ultrasonic instrumentation diminished the bond strength of crown cemented with zinc phosphate cement and resin cement after 12 minutes application. 2. In case of zinc phosphate cement, the bond strength of a vibrated group was showed significantly decreased(p<0.05). In vibrated groups with zinc phosphate cement, shoulder with bevel exhibit a significant difference to chamfer and shoulder(p<0.05) 3. Resin cement was more resistant to ultrasonic vibration than zinc phosphate cement and showed no significant differences according to ultrasonic vibration and margin type. In conclusion, These results revealed that zinc phosphate cement was most affected and resin cement was the least affected by ultrasonic vibration. Especially shoulder with bevel design was most affected in zinc phosphate cement groups. we should consider these results and be taken in the application of ultrasonic vibration to any teeth restored with crowns.
Kim, Seung-Mi;Yoon, Ji-Young;Lee, Myung-Hyun;Oh, Nam-Sik
The Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics
/
v.5
no.2
/
pp.198-203
/
2013
PURPOSE. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of resin cements and primer on the retentive force of zirconia copings bonded to zirconia abutments with insufficient retention. MATERIALS AND METHODS. Zirconia blocks (Lava, 3M ESPE, St. Paul, MN, USA) were obtained and forty sets of zirconia abutments and copings were fabricated using CAD/CAM technology. They were grouped into 4 categories as follows, depending on the types of resin cements used, and whether the primer is applied or not:Panavia F2.0 (P), Panavia F2.0 using Primer (PRIME Plus, Bisco Inc, Schaumburg, IL, USA) (PZ), Superbond C&B (S), and Superbond C&B using Primer (SZ). For each of the groups, the cementation was conducted. The specimens were kept in sterilized water ($37^{\circ}C$) for 24 hours. Retentive forces were tested and measured, and a statistical analysis was carried out. The nature of failure was recorded. RESULTS. The means and standard deviations of retentive force in Newton for each group were $265.15{\pm}35.04$ N (P), $318.21{\pm}22.24$ N (PZ), $445.13{\pm}78.54$ N (S) and $508.21{\pm}79.48$ N (SZ). Superbond C&B groups (S & SZ) showed significantly higher retentive force than Panavia F2.0 groups (P & PZ). In Panavia F2.0 groups, the use of primer was found to contribute to the increase of retentive force. On the other hand, in Superbond C&B groups, the use of primer did not influence the retention forces. Adhesive failure was observed in all groups. CONCLUSION. This study suggests that cementation of the zirconia abutments and zirconia copings with Superbond C&B have a higher retentive force than Panavia F2.0. When using Panavia F2.0, the use of primer increases the retentive force.
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of method for construction of cast post and type of dental cement on the retention of cast post. The wax patterns or Duralay resin patterns were used for construction of cast post. The dental cements used in this study were zinc phosphate cement(Fleck's zinc cement, Mizzy INc., U.S.A.), glass ionomer cement(Fuji I, G-C Co., Japan), and resin cement(Panavia-EX, Kuraray Co., Japan) and the retention of cast post was measured with Instron Universal Test Machine(Instron Engineering Co., U.S.A.). The obtained results were as follows : 1. The tensile bond strength of cast posts made by Duralay resin patterns revealed 39.13(kg) with Panavia-EX, 46.40(kg) with phosphate cement, and 37.78(kg) with glass ionomer cement. 2. The tensile bond strength of cast posts made by wax patterns revealed 39.25(kg) with Panavia, EX, 44.12(kg) with phosphate cement, and 40.23(kg) with glass ionomer cement. 3. The tensile bond strength of cast posts made by Duralay resin patterns or wax patterns were not affected by the type of dental cements(P>0.05).
본 웹사이트에 게시된 이메일 주소가 전자우편 수집 프로그램이나
그 밖의 기술적 장치를 이용하여 무단으로 수집되는 것을 거부하며,
이를 위반시 정보통신망법에 의해 형사 처벌됨을 유념하시기 바랍니다.
[게시일 2004년 10월 1일]
이용약관
제 1 장 총칙
제 1 조 (목적)
이 이용약관은 KoreaScience 홈페이지(이하 “당 사이트”)에서 제공하는 인터넷 서비스(이하 '서비스')의 가입조건 및 이용에 관한 제반 사항과 기타 필요한 사항을 구체적으로 규정함을 목적으로 합니다.
제 2 조 (용어의 정의)
① "이용자"라 함은 당 사이트에 접속하여 이 약관에 따라 당 사이트가 제공하는 서비스를 받는 회원 및 비회원을
말합니다.
② "회원"이라 함은 서비스를 이용하기 위하여 당 사이트에 개인정보를 제공하여 아이디(ID)와 비밀번호를 부여
받은 자를 말합니다.
③ "회원 아이디(ID)"라 함은 회원의 식별 및 서비스 이용을 위하여 자신이 선정한 문자 및 숫자의 조합을
말합니다.
④ "비밀번호(패스워드)"라 함은 회원이 자신의 비밀보호를 위하여 선정한 문자 및 숫자의 조합을 말합니다.
제 3 조 (이용약관의 효력 및 변경)
① 이 약관은 당 사이트에 게시하거나 기타의 방법으로 회원에게 공지함으로써 효력이 발생합니다.
② 당 사이트는 이 약관을 개정할 경우에 적용일자 및 개정사유를 명시하여 현행 약관과 함께 당 사이트의
초기화면에 그 적용일자 7일 이전부터 적용일자 전일까지 공지합니다. 다만, 회원에게 불리하게 약관내용을
변경하는 경우에는 최소한 30일 이상의 사전 유예기간을 두고 공지합니다. 이 경우 당 사이트는 개정 전
내용과 개정 후 내용을 명확하게 비교하여 이용자가 알기 쉽도록 표시합니다.
제 4 조(약관 외 준칙)
① 이 약관은 당 사이트가 제공하는 서비스에 관한 이용안내와 함께 적용됩니다.
② 이 약관에 명시되지 아니한 사항은 관계법령의 규정이 적용됩니다.
제 2 장 이용계약의 체결
제 5 조 (이용계약의 성립 등)
① 이용계약은 이용고객이 당 사이트가 정한 약관에 「동의합니다」를 선택하고, 당 사이트가 정한
온라인신청양식을 작성하여 서비스 이용을 신청한 후, 당 사이트가 이를 승낙함으로써 성립합니다.
② 제1항의 승낙은 당 사이트가 제공하는 과학기술정보검색, 맞춤정보, 서지정보 등 다른 서비스의 이용승낙을
포함합니다.
제 6 조 (회원가입)
서비스를 이용하고자 하는 고객은 당 사이트에서 정한 회원가입양식에 개인정보를 기재하여 가입을 하여야 합니다.
제 7 조 (개인정보의 보호 및 사용)
당 사이트는 관계법령이 정하는 바에 따라 회원 등록정보를 포함한 회원의 개인정보를 보호하기 위해 노력합니다. 회원 개인정보의 보호 및 사용에 대해서는 관련법령 및 당 사이트의 개인정보 보호정책이 적용됩니다.
제 8 조 (이용 신청의 승낙과 제한)
① 당 사이트는 제6조의 규정에 의한 이용신청고객에 대하여 서비스 이용을 승낙합니다.
② 당 사이트는 아래사항에 해당하는 경우에 대해서 승낙하지 아니 합니다.
- 이용계약 신청서의 내용을 허위로 기재한 경우
- 기타 규정한 제반사항을 위반하며 신청하는 경우
제 9 조 (회원 ID 부여 및 변경 등)
① 당 사이트는 이용고객에 대하여 약관에 정하는 바에 따라 자신이 선정한 회원 ID를 부여합니다.
② 회원 ID는 원칙적으로 변경이 불가하며 부득이한 사유로 인하여 변경 하고자 하는 경우에는 해당 ID를
해지하고 재가입해야 합니다.
③ 기타 회원 개인정보 관리 및 변경 등에 관한 사항은 서비스별 안내에 정하는 바에 의합니다.
제 3 장 계약 당사자의 의무
제 10 조 (KISTI의 의무)
① 당 사이트는 이용고객이 희망한 서비스 제공 개시일에 특별한 사정이 없는 한 서비스를 이용할 수 있도록
하여야 합니다.
② 당 사이트는 개인정보 보호를 위해 보안시스템을 구축하며 개인정보 보호정책을 공시하고 준수합니다.
③ 당 사이트는 회원으로부터 제기되는 의견이나 불만이 정당하다고 객관적으로 인정될 경우에는 적절한 절차를
거쳐 즉시 처리하여야 합니다. 다만, 즉시 처리가 곤란한 경우는 회원에게 그 사유와 처리일정을 통보하여야
합니다.
제 11 조 (회원의 의무)
① 이용자는 회원가입 신청 또는 회원정보 변경 시 실명으로 모든 사항을 사실에 근거하여 작성하여야 하며,
허위 또는 타인의 정보를 등록할 경우 일체의 권리를 주장할 수 없습니다.
② 당 사이트가 관계법령 및 개인정보 보호정책에 의거하여 그 책임을 지는 경우를 제외하고 회원에게 부여된
ID의 비밀번호 관리소홀, 부정사용에 의하여 발생하는 모든 결과에 대한 책임은 회원에게 있습니다.
③ 회원은 당 사이트 및 제 3자의 지적 재산권을 침해해서는 안 됩니다.
제 4 장 서비스의 이용
제 12 조 (서비스 이용 시간)
① 서비스 이용은 당 사이트의 업무상 또는 기술상 특별한 지장이 없는 한 연중무휴, 1일 24시간 운영을
원칙으로 합니다. 단, 당 사이트는 시스템 정기점검, 증설 및 교체를 위해 당 사이트가 정한 날이나 시간에
서비스를 일시 중단할 수 있으며, 예정되어 있는 작업으로 인한 서비스 일시중단은 당 사이트 홈페이지를
통해 사전에 공지합니다.
② 당 사이트는 서비스를 특정범위로 분할하여 각 범위별로 이용가능시간을 별도로 지정할 수 있습니다. 다만
이 경우 그 내용을 공지합니다.
제 13 조 (홈페이지 저작권)
① NDSL에서 제공하는 모든 저작물의 저작권은 원저작자에게 있으며, KISTI는 복제/배포/전송권을 확보하고
있습니다.
② NDSL에서 제공하는 콘텐츠를 상업적 및 기타 영리목적으로 복제/배포/전송할 경우 사전에 KISTI의 허락을
받아야 합니다.
③ NDSL에서 제공하는 콘텐츠를 보도, 비평, 교육, 연구 등을 위하여 정당한 범위 안에서 공정한 관행에
합치되게 인용할 수 있습니다.
④ NDSL에서 제공하는 콘텐츠를 무단 복제, 전송, 배포 기타 저작권법에 위반되는 방법으로 이용할 경우
저작권법 제136조에 따라 5년 이하의 징역 또는 5천만 원 이하의 벌금에 처해질 수 있습니다.
제 14 조 (유료서비스)
① 당 사이트 및 협력기관이 정한 유료서비스(원문복사 등)는 별도로 정해진 바에 따르며, 변경사항은 시행 전에
당 사이트 홈페이지를 통하여 회원에게 공지합니다.
② 유료서비스를 이용하려는 회원은 정해진 요금체계에 따라 요금을 납부해야 합니다.
제 5 장 계약 해지 및 이용 제한
제 15 조 (계약 해지)
회원이 이용계약을 해지하고자 하는 때에는 [가입해지] 메뉴를 이용해 직접 해지해야 합니다.
제 16 조 (서비스 이용제한)
① 당 사이트는 회원이 서비스 이용내용에 있어서 본 약관 제 11조 내용을 위반하거나, 다음 각 호에 해당하는
경우 서비스 이용을 제한할 수 있습니다.
- 2년 이상 서비스를 이용한 적이 없는 경우
- 기타 정상적인 서비스 운영에 방해가 될 경우
② 상기 이용제한 규정에 따라 서비스를 이용하는 회원에게 서비스 이용에 대하여 별도 공지 없이 서비스 이용의
일시정지, 이용계약 해지 할 수 있습니다.
제 17 조 (전자우편주소 수집 금지)
회원은 전자우편주소 추출기 등을 이용하여 전자우편주소를 수집 또는 제3자에게 제공할 수 없습니다.
제 6 장 손해배상 및 기타사항
제 18 조 (손해배상)
당 사이트는 무료로 제공되는 서비스와 관련하여 회원에게 어떠한 손해가 발생하더라도 당 사이트가 고의 또는 과실로 인한 손해발생을 제외하고는 이에 대하여 책임을 부담하지 아니합니다.
제 19 조 (관할 법원)
서비스 이용으로 발생한 분쟁에 대해 소송이 제기되는 경우 민사 소송법상의 관할 법원에 제기합니다.
[부 칙]
1. (시행일) 이 약관은 2016년 9월 5일부터 적용되며, 종전 약관은 본 약관으로 대체되며, 개정된 약관의 적용일 이전 가입자도 개정된 약관의 적용을 받습니다.