• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.15 no.6
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• pp.315-327
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• 2017

This study was carried out to examine the converging factors related to academic burnout in students from health-related majors who are involved in studying for the Test of English for International Communication (TOEIC). Research subjects included 291 randomly selected students from the J-region, who were enrolled in TOEIC classes. Data collection took place from April 3, 2017 to April 14, 2017, using anonymous self-administered questionnaires. The results of a multiple regression analysis in female students showed higher academic burnout pertaining to studying for the TOEIC when sleeping hours, self-worth, self-efficacy, school adaptation resilience, and study immersion were low, and job-seeking stress and test anxiety were high. The explanatory power of this model was 65%. Based on these results, to reduce academic burnout pertaining to studying for the TOEIC in health majors, it is first necessary to increase sleeping hours, self-worth, self-efficacy, school adaptation resilience, and study immersion, and to make efforts to manage self-competence, job-seeking stress, and test anxiety. The results of this study may be used to decrease the academic burnout caused by studying for the TOEIC in health major students and to increase their aptitude for studying English, to cultivate globalized capabilities. Future studies need to conduct an effect analysis on the control and mediation effect that these factors have on academic burnout.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.15 no.6
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• pp.71-82
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• 2017

Most banks in Myanmar have begun to provide their services via mobile phones. However, few studies investigated the factors that may help to set mobile services from a customer perspective. So, this study aims to propose and test a conceptual research model to predict the user's intention to use and actual use level of mobile banking service by combining UTAUT and DeLone-Mclean IS model. Data were collected from 206 citizens who had experienced mobile banking in various regions of Myanmar. The study found that performance expectancy, effort expectancy, information quality and service quality influence the user 's intention to adopt mobile banking services which directly affects the user's actual use of them. However, social influence, facilitating condition and system quality don't influence the user's intention. The study results contribute to meeting customer's needs and reducing customer risk in Myanmar's mobile banking industry, suggesting to seamlessly provide the necessary resources like technology improvements, organizational infrastructure and service centers. Another future study are required to include service's security and trust factors so that the service providers could gain their customers' reliability and trust.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.395-405
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• 2018

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of parental rearing attitudes on smartphone addiction and mediation effect of children's aggression and impulse between them. The randomly chosen 390 subjects of the 4th and 5th elementary school students (boy: 199, girl: 191) of J City participated in this research. The main scales were EMBU-Shot, Smartphone Addiction Scale and NEO-PAS. Spss 22.0 was used for its statistical analysis, that is correlation analysis and regression analysis. The main results are as follows. First, parental rearing attitude, smartphone addiction, and aggression and impulse were statistically significantly correlated. Second, it is testified that rejective parental rearing attitudes statistically significantly increasingly influenced smartphone addiction with partial mediation of aggression and impulse. Also overprotective parental rearing attitudes statistically significantly increasingly influenced smartphone addiction with full mediation of them. It suggested the importance of intervention for aggression and impulse of the children with smartphone addiction as well as parental rearing attitude changes in intervening and counseling them. This study tried to supply evidence-based and basic data for the developing preventive education and counseling programs for them. The limit and future tasks were discussed.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.15 no.10
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• pp.1-7
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• 2017

The purpose of this paper is to examine how multi-cultural acceptability affects the perception of necessity of unification through structural equation model. The multi-cultural acceptability, familiarity with North Korean defectors, and awareness of unification were selected as the latent variables and the full / partial mediator models were built for structural equations. The observed variables for each latent variable were data that were collected through the National Survey on the Integration of North and South Korea conducted by the Korea Institute for National Unification in 2015. As a result, the acceptance of multiculturalism had a significant effect on the intimacy of the defectors, which had a positive effect on the recognition of the need for unification. The intimacy of the defectors was more influential as a parameter for full mediation than for partial mediation. Although the consciousness of unification gets weakened by postwar generations, that the phenomenon that changes into a multicultural society plays a part in recognizing the necessity of unification. In addition, the increase of North Korean defectors may ultimately become a factor in recognizing the need for unification. This study demonstrated that increasing the acceptance of multiculturalism can increase the need for unification, which means that more research fields can be derived.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.15 no.10
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• pp.233-241
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• 2017

This study has attempted to empirically analyze the mediating effects of small and medium venture firms' manufacturing capability and testing and inspection capability on the relation between their external information network heterogeneity and technology commercialization capability with a view to diversifying the research stream on the influential factors to small and medium firms' technology commercialization capability. By performing the ordinary least squares regression analysis, the Sobel test, and the Baron and Kenny test based on the 683 data of South Korean small and medium venture firms with the IBM SPSS version 23, this study provides the three empirical findings to be useful for future studies on the roles of small and medium venture firms' the manufacturing capability and testing and inspection capability. First, small and medium venture firms' manufacturing capability partially mediates the positive effect of their external information network heterogeneity on their technology commercialization capability. Second, their testing and inspection capability partially mediates this positive effect. Third, their manufacturing capability and testing and inspection capability jointly and partially mediates this positive effect.

• Culinary science and hospitality research
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• v.22 no.7
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• pp.131-147
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• 2016

The purpose of this study was to verify the effects of two types of social capital on trust and purchase intention of food products. In addition, the moderating roles of perceived risk and SNS receiver characteristics were also examined. The survey for this study was conducted from the 17th to the 30th of June, 2016 through SNS using the convenience sampling method. A total of 230 responses were collected, of which 200 were used for analysis, after excluding responses containing missing data. Multiple regression and moderated regression were conducted to verify the hypotheses. The results from this study are as follows. First, it was found that social capital (bridging social capital and bonding social capital) had an effect on trust of food product. Second, perceived risk of food product was found to moderate the relationship between social capital (bridging social capital and bonding social capital) and trust. Third, trust of food product significantly impacted purchase intention. Fourth, SNS receiver characteristics of food product were found to moderate the relationship between trust and intention;, and trust of food product was found to mediate the relationship between bridging social capital and purchase intention.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.247-254
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• 2014

Purpose: Maternal-fetal attachment in a pregnant woman is important for her health and for her child's emotional stability. This study was done to identify the contribution of maternal fatigue, social support, and Taegyo to maternal-fetal attachment based on a survey of pregnant women. Methods: The study was a descriptive correlation study. Participants were 211 from two women's health clinic centers. Data were analyzed using t-test, ANOVA, Pearson correlation coefficients and stepwise multiple regression. Results: Mean scores for maternal-fetal attachment, Taegyo, maternal fatigue, and social support were 93.74 (range 25-125), 64.76 (17-85), 24.12 (10-40), and 54.43 (22-132), respectively. There were significant differences in maternal-fetal attachment according to parity, breast feeding experience, and putting prenatal education into practice. Multiple regression analysis showed that the key determinants of maternal-fetal attachment, were Taegyo (${\beta}$=.67), maternal fatigue (${\beta}$=.21), and social support (${\beta}$=.13), and these explained 55% of the total variance of attachment. Conclusion: The results suggest a need to encourage Taegyo in prenatal management program and provide methods for fatigue resolution and promotion of social support.

• The Korean Journal of Air & Space Law and Policy
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.75-103
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• 2007

The purpose of this paper is to suggest to tackle the problem of poor cooperation in space activities, by re-examining the nature of the competitive political environment, and by building up a normative overarching framework, One of the most acute problems that hampers regional cooperation is the U.S. influence as represented in the MTCR, a supplier's cartel, as was evidenced in the ill-fate of the 2001 launch contract between China and Korea the next year. Notably China, the third space power in the world, has not been allowed to join the MTCR despite her application in June 2004. A possible reconciliation between China and the MTCR over her application for a partnership would set a cornerstone in building up a cooperative environment in the Northeast Asia. Just as the Helsinki process was an overarching norm building framework, comprising human rights, security and environmental issues, it would be desirable that a future peace framework in Northeast Asia dealing with the pending issues of Korean peninsula should also comprise of such broad issues as one relating to cooperation in space activities in the region. South Korea could tap expertise from her neighbor China. When South Korea become an independent space power either with her own technology or otherwise, she would be in a better position to play a role as a balancer in coordinating between the two neighboring space giants. It is remarkable that the Japanese led APRSAT has contributed much in establishing Sentinel Asia as a part of the Disaster Management Scheme, in that each participant, whether it be a state agency, or a private entity like a university or a research institute, can tap the common data to contribute to the common good of safety.

• Korean Journal of Clinical Pharmacy
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.255-261
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• 2010

Cefprozil is a broad-spectrum oral beta-lactam cephalosporin consisting of cis- and trans-isomeric mixture whose ratio is approximately 90:10. Cefprozil is used to treat certain infections caused by bacteria such as bronchitis and ear, skin, and throat infections. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the bioequivalence of two cefprozil tablets, $Cefzil^{(R)}$ tablet 250 mg (BMS Pharmaceutical Korea., Ltd.) and Procezil tablet 250 mg (Hanmi Pharm. Co., Ltd.), according to the guidelines of the Korea Food and Drug Administration (KFDA). The in vitro release of cefprozil from the two cefprozil formulations were tested using KP VIII Apparatus I method with water dissolution media. Thirty five healthy male subjects, $24.00{\pm}1.53$ years in age and $69.77{\pm}9.99$ kg in body weight, were divided into two groups and a randomized $2{\times}2$ cross-over study was employed. After four tablets containing 1000 mg as cefprozil were orally administered, blood samples were taken at predetermined time intervals and the concentrations of cefprozil in serum were determined using HPLC/UV detector. The dissolution profiles of two formulations were similar in water tested dissolution media. The pharmacokinetic parameters such as $AUC_t$, $C_{max}$ and $T_{max}$ on the basis of total-cefprozil were calculated, and computer program (K-BE Test 2002) was utilized for the statistical analysis of the parameters using logarithmically transformed $AUC_t$, $C_{max}$ and untransformed $T_{max}$. The results showed that the differences between two formulations based on the reference drug, $Cefzil^{(R)}$ tablets, were -0.81%, -3.00% and -6.83% for $AUC_t$, $C_{max}$ and $T_{max}$, respectively. There were no sequence effects between two formulations in these parameters. The 90% confidence intervals using logarithmically transformed data were within the acceptance range of log 0.8 to log 1.25 (e.g., log 0.9515~log 1.0454 and log 0.9613~log 1.0465 for $AUC_t$ and $C_{max}$, respectively). Thus, the criteria of the KFDA bioequivalence guideline were satisfied, indicating Procezil tablet was bioequivalent to $Cefzil^{(R)}$ tablet.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.44 no.3
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• pp.370-378
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• 2015

Oral health is a critical factor for diagnosing overall health, as poor oral health has a negative impact on food intake and results in deterioration of nutritional status. The purpose of this study was to research the needs for food developments for the elderly based on their oral and overall health status. Oral status was significantly associated with self-reported health status, and dry mouth (lack of saliva) especially showed a significant relationship with negative self-perception of both oral and overall health. For both elderly men and women, fish and leafy vegetables were the most preferred side dishes. Bread, rice cake, and beverage-type foods were also preferred for snack development. Disease status of the elderly was significantly related with their preference for food development. For instance, those with diabetes were more likely to ask for anti-diabetic diets. The most important factor for the elderly in choosing food was nutritional balance, and less than 3,000 won was cited as an affordable price. The results could be utilized as basic data to develop foods for the elderly.