• 정보교육학회논문지
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.13-20
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• 2016

실세계에서 데이터는 숫자와 문자, 이미지, 소리 등 다양한 형태로 존재한다. 하지만 컴퓨터에서는 실세계의 데이터를 디지털 형태인 1과 0으로 표현하고 있다. 초등학생들은 전통적인 강의식 방법으로는 컴퓨터에서 사용하고 있는 데이터 표현에 대한 개념을 이해하기에는 매우 어렵다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 초등학생들이 데이터 표현 개념을 쉽게 이해할 수 있도록 기존의 연구를 분석하고 언플러그드 교수-학습 방법에 대해 연구하였다. 이를 위해 정보교육학회 소프트웨어교육 내용 체계를 분석하고, 초등학교 중학년을 위한 데이터 표현 교육 내용을 선정하였다. 또한 데이터 표현 교육을 위해 언플러그드 방식을 이용한 교수-학습 지도안을 개발하고 수업자료를 개발하였다. 본 연구에서 제시한 언플러그드를 통한 교수-학습 방법이 데이터 표현 교육에 도움이 되기를 기대한다.

• 한국지능시스템학회논문지
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• 제11권7호
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• pp.569-573
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• 2001

An approximate representation of discrete functions {f$_{i,j}\mid$｜i, j=-1, 0, 1, …, N+1}in two variables by a fuzzy system is described. We use the cubic B-splines as fuzzy sets for the input fuzzification and spike functions as the output fuzzy sets. The ordinal number of f$_{i,j}$ in the sorted list is taken to be the out put fuzzy set number in the (i, j) th entry of the fuzzy rule table. We show that the fuzzy system is an exact representation of the cubic spline function s(x, y)=$\sum_{N+1}^{{i,j}=-1}f_{i,j}B_i(x)B_j(y)$ and that the approximation error S(x, y)-f(x, y) is surprisingly O($h^2$) when f(x, y) is three times continuously differentiable. We prove that when f(x, y) is a gray scale image, then the fuzzy system is a smoothed representation of the image and the original image can be recovered exactly from its fuzzy system representation when it is a digitized image.e.

• 한국의류산업학회지
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• 제16권5호
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• pp.689-697
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• 2014

This study aims to analyze the representation forms of bloggers' personal style on the fashion blogs and enlighten their values which can be actively applied to design and marketing in fashion industry. Image representation of fashion bloggers is reflected by the characteristics in the digital environment, which are the creative manipulation of expression and the production of virtual and fantastic images by taking advantage of the composite medium such as images, music, videos, articles, etc. Also real time updates in blog indicate the latest trends in terms of the representation of image as the actual currency. The study conducted case studies of 5 women's personal fashion blogs through the verification of a variety of global fashion media and blog ranking sites: Style Bubble, Style Rookie, The Cherry Blossom Girl, The Blond Salad, and Fashion Toast. Research findings are as follows. First, the application of creative design elements is indicated as symbolic items, self-made designs, DIY, and various mix and match emphasizing design elements such as color, patterns, proportion, etc. Second, the virtual representation is very highlighted on the story telling applied by film like production or digital effect. Third, the commercial application with mainly sponsored wardrobe and designer collaboration indicates promoting a updated trend as well as a specific brand or designer to make their business profits.

• 미술이론과 현장
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• 제7호
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• pp.189-240
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• 2009

This essay aims to develop a critical approach of interpretation in examining the panoptical condition of representation that is said to permeate the tradition of modern realism in novels and paintings. In defining this approach, I am interested in the problem or inability of panoptical representation to tell a coherent story of solitude(solitary confinement, isolation, self-absorption, etc.) in a range of texts from prison documents to paintings and novels, and also what might occasion such an inability including social, material, or stylistic contradictions and conflicting epistemological angles. This task potentially anticipates a trajectory of readings and investigations that cuts through the history of panoptical representation, which is outside the scope of this essay. In this writing, I will engage in a series of debates with what I consider as major theories and views of panoptical representation offered by Jeremy Bentham, John Bender, and Michael Fried. Based on this, I will formulate a conceptual or methodological frame of discourse that would envisage an anti-panoptical approach of interpretation. As an attempt to validate this formulation, I will offer a reading of Henry Mayhew's Criminal Prisons of London and Scenes of Prison Life(1862), a case of panoptical representation that produces a peculiar sense of ambivalence while accounting for sites of penal solitude.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.813-829
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• 2022

In multi-view subspace clustering, how to integrate the complementary information between perspectives to construct a unified representation is a critical problem. In the existing works, the unified representation is usually constructed in the original data space. However, when the data representation in each view is very diverse, the unified representation derived directly in the original data domain may lead to a huge information loss. To address this issue, different to the existing works, inspired by the latest revelation that the data across all perspectives have a very similar or close spectral block structure, we try to construct the unified representation in the spectral embedding domain. In this way, the complementary information across all perspectives can be fused into a unified representation with little information loss, since the spectral block structure from all views shares high consistency. In addition, to capture the global structure of data on each view with high accuracy and robustness both, we propose a novel low-rank approximation via the tight lower bound on the rank function. Finally, experimental results prove that, the proposed method has the effectiveness and robustness at the same time, compared with the state-of-art approaches.

• 한국수학교육학회지시리즈D:수학교육연구
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.137-154
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• 2012

Comparative studies on mathematical modeling cognition feature were carried out between 15 excellent high school third-grade science students (excellent students for short) and 15 normal ones (normal students for short) in China by utilizing protocol analysis and expert-novice comparison methods and our conclusions have been drawn as below. 1. In the style, span and method of mathematical modeling problem representation, both excellent and normal students adopted symbolic and methodological representation style. However, excellent students use mechanical representation style more often. Excellent students tend to utilize multiple-representation while normal students tend to utilize simplicity representation. Excellent students incline to make use of circular representation while normal students incline to make use of one-way representation. 2. In mathematical modeling strategy use, excellent students tend to tend to use equilibrium assumption strategy while normal students tend to use accurate assumption strategy. Excellent students tend to use sample analog construction strategy while normal students tend to use real-time generation construction strategy. Excellent students tend to use immediate self-monitoring strategy while normal students tend to use review-monitoring strategy. Excellent students tend to use theoretical deduction and intuitive judgment testing strategy while normal students tend to use data testing strategy. Excellent students tend to use assumption adjustment and modeling adjustment strategy while normal students tend to use model solving adjustment strategy. 3. In the thinking, result and efficiency of mathematical modeling, excellent students give brief oral presentations of mathematical modeling, express themselves more logically, analyze problems deeply and thoroughly, have multiple, quick and flexible thinking and the utilization of mathematical modeling method is shown by inspiring inquiry, more correct results and high thinking efficiency while normal students give complicated protocol material, express themselves illogically, analyze problems superficially and obscurely, have simple, slow and rigid thinking and the utilization of mathematical modeling method is shown by blind inquiry, more fixed and inaccurate thinking and low thinking efficiency.

• 한국수학교육학회지시리즈A:수학교육
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• 제56권2호
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• pp.131-145
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• 2017

The representation of irrational numbers has a key role in the learning of irrational numbers. However, transparent and finite representation of irrational numbers does not exist in school mathematics context. Therefore, many students have difficulties in understanding irrational numbers as an 'Object'. For this reason, this research explored how mathematics textbooks affected to students' understanding of irrational numbers in the view of process and object. Specifically we analyzed eight textbooks based on current curriculum and used framework based on previous research. In order to supplement the result derived from textbook analysis, we conducted questionnaires on 42 middle school students. The questions in the questionnaires were related to the representation and calculation of irrational numbers. As a result of this study, we found that mathematics textbooks develop contents in order of process-object, and using 'non repeating decimal', 'numbers cannot be represented as a quotient', 'numbers with the radical sign', 'number line' representation for irrational numbers. Students usually used a representation of non-repeating decimal, although, they used a representation of numbers with the radical sign when they operate irrational numbers. Consequently, we found that mathematics textbooks affect students to understand irrational numbers as a non-repeating irrational numbers, but mathematics textbooks have a limitation to conduce understanding of irrational numbers as an object.

• 복식
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• 제56권9호
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• pp.66-82
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• 2006

Clothes and human body are inseparably related. Aesthetic consciousness of the body determines the form of clothing, reflecting the time and culture as well as the individual and society. Clothes can even reorganize the meaning of the body, while transcending their instrumental functions of protecting, expanding and deforming the body. Using 'body' to analyze the clothing form, my study develops a framework by which to classify the representation of the body in fashion focusing on the representation of physicality. In order to inquire the formative style and aesthetic values expressed in representing body in fashion, my study examines subjects from the 14th century European costumes to fashion collections of the 20th century. In fashion, representation of the body is visually analogous to the ideal boily shape and structure, including a realistic presentation of the body as well as reflection of aesthetic ideals. Manipulation of physicality entails the reconstruction of the ideal body image through the clothes that modify physicality into unnatural body. Ruff collar, gigot sleeve, crinoline, bustle, stomacher, and corset were all used to materialize the fictitious curves symbolizing femininity, authority, healthiness, maternity, virginity, socioeconomic status, and fertility. Accentuating specific clothing parts represents emphasizing the symbolism of the correspondent body parts. Consequently, in this phase signifiant is $signifi\'{e}$. Aesthetic ideal of the body is visualized in the firm of a dress. Fashion continues to explore forms and images that transcend the traditional representations of the clothed body. As a type of intimate architecture, fashion always mediates the dialogue between clothes and body, or fashion and figure. My study suggests a framework to analyze bodily representation in fashion, focusing on the relationship between the clothes and body.

• 한국컴퓨터그래픽스학회논문지
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• 제21권5호
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• pp.37-44
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• 2015

본 논문에서는 전통적으로 삼차원 모델 복원에 사용되는 볼륨 기반 자료 구조의 한계점을 극복하기 위해 평면 해시 구조를 볼륨 구조와 상호보완적으로 사용하는 하이브리드 모델 표현을 제안한다. 실내 환경에 대한 삼차원 모델 복원은 좁은 공간에 대한 정밀한 복원 결과를 얻기 위해 볼륨 기반의 자료 구조를 사용하였으나, 이러한 볼륨 기반의 자료 구조는 메모리의 사용량이 많아 대규모 공간에 대한 삼차원 복원으로 확장이 용이하지 못하였다. 본 논문에서는 이러한 기존 삼차원 모델 복원의 확장성을 증가시키기 위해 메모리를 효율적으로 사용하는 평면 해시 모델 구조를 제안한다. 또한 이러한 제안된 평면 해시 모델 구조를 넓고 단순한 평면 복원을 위해 사요하고, 좁고 디테일한 공간 복원에는 기존 볼륨 구조를 동시에 사용하는 하이브리드 복원 방법을 사용한다. 제안된 기법은 GPU 상에서 구현되어 공간을 실시간으로 복원 가능하다.

• 대한수학교육학회지:학교수학
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• 제5권3호
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• pp.361-384
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• 2003

본 연구는 연립일차방정식에 관한 문장제에서 IDEAL 문제 해결 모형을 바탕으로 "구조-표현"을 강조한 교수-학습을 실시하였을 때 학생들의 문제해결 과정을 탐구하였다. 연구 결과, 구조-표현을 강조한 학급의 학생들이 이를 강조하지 않은 학급의 학생들보다 문제해결 능력이 향상되었으며, 동치문제, 동형문제, 유사문제를 더 정확하게 구별하였다. 또한, 구조-표현을 강조한 학급의 학생들이 그렇지 않은 학급의 학생들보다 문맥에 대한 이해 및 불완전한 정보 추출에서의 오류, 미지수간의 내적 관계에 대한 수학적 기호표현으로의 불완전한 전이 오류, 적절하지 않은 방정식 생성 오류의 발생 빈도가 적었다. 그리고, IDEAL 문제 해결 모형의 문제의 확인 단계(I)와 문제의 정의 단계(D)에서 학생들이 문제 해결 계획을 수립하기 위해 문제를 읽고 이해하여 문제를 해결하는 과정을 중점적으로 분석한 결과, 직접 변환 모델과 구조 도식 모델이 나타났다.