• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.17 no.7
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• pp.677-687
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• 1992

This paper presents a Fuzzy Pertri Net(FPN)model, which can be used to verify the validity and effectiveness of nervous system bebaviors. The similarities and differences between communication network and neural network are analyzed with respect to the representation and verification of the system behaviors. For the effective representation for the ambiguities of nervous system we combein fuzzy set theory to the PetriNet, and then design a new model, FPN, Also show that FPN is superior to the multiplayer perceptron model using computer simulation.

• Journal of The Korean Association of Information Education
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.185-196
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• 2001

Elementary school students feel more difficult the mathematical word problems than the numberical formula. I think that this reason isn't the ability of mathematical calculation but the problems representation. It is demanded exactly understanding about the requirements of problem for improving ability of the mathematical word problem representation. It is necessary that we take multimedia data and communication for this, because web advances multimedia materialization and promotes mutual communication, then it gives us with the most environment for word problem representation learning. According to, this thesis is designed web-based system to improve ability of the mathematical word problem representation, applied the sixth grade it experimentally.

• MALSORI
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• no.53
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• pp.75-92
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• 2005

Prosody Generation Based on C-ToBI Representation for Text-to-SpeechSeungwon Kim, Yu Zheng, Gary Geunbae Lee, Byeongchang KimProsody modeling is critical in developing text-to-speech (TTS) systems where speech synthesis is used to automatically generate natural speech. In this paper, we present a prosody generation architecture based on Chinese Tone and Break Index (C-ToBI) representation. ToBI is a multi-tier representation system based on linguistic knowledge to transcribe events in an utterance. The TTS system which adopts ToBI as an intermediate representation is known to exhibit higher flexibility, modularity and domain/task portability compared with the direct prosody generation TTS systems. However, the cost of corpus preparation is very expensive for practical-level performance because the ToBI labeled corpus has been manually constructed by many prosody experts and normally requires a large amount of data for accurate statistical prosody modeling. This paper proposes a new method which transcribes the C-ToBI labels automatically in Chinese speech. We model Chinese prosody generation as a classification problem and apply conditional Maximum Entropy (ME) classification to this problem. We empirically verify the usefulness of various natural language and phonology features to make well-integrated features for ME framework.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 1988.10a
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• pp.501-506
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• 1988

This paper describes an experimental system for automatic robot programming, The SNU-ARPS (Seoul National University Automatic Robot Programming System). The SNU-ARPS generates executable robot programs for pick and place operation and some simple mechanical assembly tasks by menudriven dialog. It is intended to enable the user to concentrate on the overall operation sequence instead of the knowledge regarding the details of robot languages. To convert task specifications into manipulator motions, the SNU-ARPS uses an internal representation of the world. This representation initially consists of geometric database from CAD system and is updated at each operation step to reflect the state changes of the world.

• Korean Journal of Legislative Studies
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.5-31
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• 2019

In the process of changing the Korean electoral system, various terms such as representation, majority, minority, plurality, and proportionality are not used correctly, making normative judgment on its desirable electoral system difficult. This paper clarifies the concepts and terminology related to the electoral system in order to enable proper normative discussion. First, the misuse of the names of the electoral system is reviewed. This includes the majority representative system versus the minority representative system, the single-member constituency versus the multi-member constituency, the absolute majority system versus the relative majority system, and the majority representative system versus the proportional representative system. Next, the principles of representation, proportionality, democracy, direct ballot, and equal ballot are discussed to evaluate the decisions made by the Constitutional Court of Korea. In the current electoral system of the National Assembly, the equivalence between its constituency member and its proportional representation member is very low in terms of proportionality between votes received and seats allotted. Finally, the coherence between proportional representation and other political institutions is examined. Strengthening the proportionality of parliamentary elections alone does not necessarily increase the proportionality of the entire power structure.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 1989.07a
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• pp.233-236
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• 1989

This paper deals with the expert system using network configuration and input information composed of protective relays and tripped circuit breakers. This system has knowlegebase independent on network dimension because network representation consists of the type of the matrix. Therefore, the knowlege of network representation is simplified, the space of knowlege is reduced, the addition of facts to the knowlege is easy and the expansion of facts is possible. In this paper, the network representation is defined to system matrix. This expert system based on the system matrix diagnoses normal, abnormal operations of protective devices as well as possible fault sections. The brach and bound search technique is used: breadth first technique mixed with depth first technique of primitive PROLOG search technique. This system will be used for real time operations. This expert system obtaines the solution using the pattern matching in working memory without no listing approach for rule control. This paper is written in PROLOG, the A.I. language.

• Research in Mathematical Education
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.1-14
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• 2011

Logo has influenced many researchers and learners for the past decades as a 20 turtle geometry environment in the perspective of constructionism. Logo uses the metaphor of 'playing turtle' that is intrinsic, local and procedural. We, then, design an environment in which the metaphor of 'playing turtle' is applied to construct 3D objects, and we figure out ways to represent 3D objects in terms action symbols and 3D building blocks. For this purpose, design three kinds of representation systems, and asked students make various 3D artifacts using various representation systems. We briefly introduce the results of our investigation into students' cognitive burden when they use those representation systems, and discuss the future application measures and the design principles of Logo-based 3D microworld.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.228-246
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• 2011

A 3D model based approach for a face representation and recognition algorithm has been investigated as a robust solution for pose and illumination variation. Since a generative 3D face model consists of a large number of vertices, a 3D model based face recognition system is generally inefficient in computation time and complexity. In this paper, we propose a novel 3D face representation algorithm based on a pixel to vertex map (PVM) to optimize the number of vertices. We explore shape and texture coefficient vectors of the 3D model by fitting it to an input face using inverse compositional image alignment (ICIA) to evaluate face recognition performance. Experimental results show that the proposed face representation and recognition algorithm is efficient in computation time while maintaining reasonable accuracy.

• Education of Primary School Mathematics
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.223-237
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• 2019

There is a close interaction between the linguistic-syntactic representation system and the affective representation system that appear in the mathematical process. On the other hand, since the mathematical conceptual system is fundamentally metaphoric, the analysis of the mathematical concept structure through linguistic representation can help to identify the source of cognitive and affective obstacles that interfere with mathematics learning. In this study, we analyzed the problem-solving protocols of mathematical gifted children from the perspective of cognitive language and meta-affect to identify the relationship between the functional characteristics of the text and metaphor they use and the functional characteristics of meta-affect. As a result, the behavior of the cognitive and affective characteristics of mathematically gifted children differed according to the success of problem solving. In the case of unsuccessful problem-solving, the use of metaphor as an internal representation system was relatively more frequent than in the successful case. In addition, while the cognitive linguistic aspects of metaphors play an important role in problem-solving, meta-affective attributes are closely related to the external representation of metaphors.

• Educational Technology International
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.25-40
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• 2009

The purpose of this study was to explore procedures and modalities on collaborative visualization processing of text information for developing e-Learning contents. In order to investigate, two research questions were explored: 1) what are procedures on collaborative visualization processing of text information, 2) what kinds of patterns and modalities can be found in each procedure of collaborative visualization of text information. This research method was employed a qualitative research approaches by means of grounded theory. As a result of this research, collaborative visualization processing of text information were emerged six steps: identifying text, analyzing text, exploring visual clues, creating visuals, discussing visuals, elaborating visuals, and creating visuals. Collaborative visualization processing of text information came out the characteristic of systemic and systematic system like spiral sequencing. Also, another result of this study, modalities in collaborative visualization processing of text information was divided two dimensions: individual processing by internal representation, social processing by external representation. This case study suggested that collaborative visualization strategy has full possibility of providing ideal methods for sharing cognitive system or thinking system as using human visual intelligence.