• Interdisciplinary Bio Central
• /
• 제4권2호
• /
• pp.4.1-4.4
• /
• 2012

Background: Serum concentration of cystatin C, a marker of glomerular filtration has been associated with cardiovascular disease (CVD). The aim of this study was to evaluate cystatin C as a marker of obese patients without chronic kidney disease (CKD). Materials and Methods: The study population consisted of 36 subjects with metabolic syndrome and 32 subjects free of metabolic syndrome (the control group). HDL-C, LDL-C, blood urea, triglycerides, glucose, HbA1c, serum cystatin C and serum creatinine were measured in both groups. GFR was calculated in both groups using Cockroft-Gault equation. Results: Obese patients showed higher cystatin C levels than normal samples ($1.28{\pm}0.29$, P < 0.05). In the binary logistic regression, obese patients were significantly associated with elevated cystatin C levels. Conclusion: Our results suggest that cystatin C may be a marker for obese patients and may identify a certain degree of renal dysfunction even when serum creatinine does not exceed the normal level. In this study, we demonstrated that serum creatinineand GFR did not differ significantly between the diabetic and the control groups. Serum concentration of cystatin C was significantly higher in the diabetic group compared with the control group. The strengths of this study are the evaluation of reliability and sensivity in comparison with a 'routine test of GFR'. The methodology used allows an appropriate statistical comparison of reliability in contrast to most other previous evaluations of GFR.

• International Journal of Heart Failure
• /
• 제6권2호
• /
• pp.76-81
• /
• 2024

Background and Objectives: Real-world clinical data, outside of clinical trials and expert centers, on adverse events related to the use of SyncCardia total artificial heart (TAH) remain limited. We aim to analyze adverse events related to the use of SynCardia TAH reported to the Food and Drug Administration (FDA)'s Manufacturers and User Defined Experience (MAUDE) database. Methods: We reviewed the FDA's MAUDE database for any adverse events involving the use of SynCardia TAH from 1/01/2012 to 9/30/2020. All the events were independently reviewed by three physicians. Results: A total of 1,512 adverse events were identified in 453 "injury and death" reports in the MAUDE database. The most common adverse events reported were infection (20.2%) and device malfunction (20.1%). These were followed by bleeding events (16.5%), respiratory failure (10.1%), cerebrovascular accident (CVA)/other neurological dysfunction (8.7%), renal dysfunction (7.5%), hepatic dysfunction (2.2%), thromboembolic events (1.8%), pericardial effusion (1.8%), and hemolysis (1%). Death was reported in 49.4% of all the reported cases (n=224/453). The most common cause of death was multiorgan failure (n=73, 32.6%), followed by CVA/other non-specific neurological dysfunction (n=44, 19.7%), sepsis (n=24, 10.7%), withdrawal of support (n=20, 8.9%), device malfunction (n=11, 4.9%), bleeding (n=7, 3.1%), respiratory failure (n=7, 3.1%), gastrointestinal disorder (n=6, 2.7%), and cardiomyopathy (n=3, 1.3%). Conclusions: Infection was the most common adverse event following the implantation of TAH. Most of the deaths reported were due to multiorgan failure. Early recognition and management of any possible adverse events after the TAH implantation are essential to improve the procedural outcome and patient survival.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
• /
• 제12권9호
• /
• pp.250-256
• /
• 2012

골밀도 감소에 의해서 발생되는 골감소증, 골다공증 등은 폐경 후 여성에게 유병률이 높은 질환이며, 골다공증 골절에 따른 사회적 의료비 상승으로 의학적 관심이 급증하고 있다. 신부전환자는 체내에 비타민D 합성 능력이 저하되어 칼슘 흡수가 감소하여 뼈의 섬유화가 발생되고, 골밀도가 감소하는 현상이 나타난다. 따라서 신부전환자는 신장 기능 장애로 그치지 않고, 골다공증과 같은 골밀도 감소에 따른 합병증에 노출되어 있다. 본 연구에서는 치료 중에 있는 신부전환자들의 골밀도 변화를 관찰하였고, 신장이식 전후에서 발견되는 골밀도 변화를 분석하였다. 조사대상은 부산 B종합병원 신장내과 내원환자 중 신부전환자 214명을 신장이식의 유무에 따라 골밀도의 변화를 세대별, 성별로 나누어 분석했다. 분석결과 신장이식 환자군에서는 골밀도가 유지되거나 개선되었지만, 비신장이식 환자군에서는 골밀도가 꾸준히 나빠지는 결과를 보였다. 신부전환자는 신장이식을 받는 것이 최선의 치료책으로 사료되며, 신장이식을 통해서 골밀도의 개선이 가능함을 확인하였다. 이는 추가적으로 예상되는 합병증을 예방하기 위한 자료로도 활용할 수 있다.

• Childhood Kidney Diseases
• /
• 제13권2호
• /
• pp.267-270
• /
• 2009

항정신병약물악성증후군은 항정신병약물의 사용과 관련하여 드물게 발생하는 부작용으로 생명을 위협하는 질환으로 의식변화, 고열증, 근육강직의 특징적 증상을 보인다. 항정신병약물악성증후군 환자에서 고열증과 근육강직으로 인하여 횡문근융해증이 발생하여 합병증으로 급성 신부전이 생기는 경우가 드물게 발생하며 심한 경우 투석 등의 치료가 필요하며 생명에 위협이 되므로 빠른 진단과 치료가 요구된다. 저자들은 소아에서 보고되지 않던 항정신병약물악성증후군에 동반하여 횡문근융해증을 보인 급성 신부전의 예를 경험하였기에 보고하는 바이다.

• 대한유전성대사질환학회지
• /
• 제1권1호
• /
• pp.23-27
• /
• 2001

Fanconi-Bickel Syndrome (FBS) is a rare autosomal recessive disorder of carbohydrate metabolism recently demonstrated to be caused by mutations in the GLUT 2 gene for the glucose transporter protein 2 expressed in liver, pancreas, intestine, and kidney. This disease is characterized by hepatorenal glycogen accumulation, both fasting hypoglycemia as well as postprandial hyperglycemia and hyperglactosemia, and generalized proximal renal tubular dysfunctions. We report the first Korean patient with FBS diagnosed based on clinical manifestations and identification of a novel mutation in the GLUT 2 gene. She was initially diagnosed having a neonatal diabetes mellitus due to hyperglycemia and glycosuria at 3 days after birth. In addition, newborn screening for galactosemia revealed hypergalactosemia. Thereafter, she has been managed with lactose free milk, insulin therapy. However, she failed to grow and her liver has been progressively enlarging. Her liver functions were progressively deteriorated with increased prothrombin time. Liver biopsy done at age 9 months indicated micronodular cirrhosis with marked fatty changes. She succubmed to hepatic failiure with pneumonia at 10 months of age. Laboratory tests indicated she had generalized proximal renal tubular dysfuctions; renal tubular acidosis, hypophosphatemic rickets, and generalized aminoaciduria. Given aforementioned findings, the diagnosis of FBS was appreciated at age of 2 months. The DNA sequencing analysis of the GLUT 2 gene using her genomic DNA showed a novel mutation at 5th codon; Lysine5 Stop (K5X).

• 대한수의학회지
• /
• 제59권3호
• /
• pp.133-139
• /
• 2019

Autophagy is a fundamental cellular process that maintains homeostasis and cell integrity, under stress conditions. Although the involvement of autophagy in various conditions has been elucidated, the role of autophagy in renal structure is not completely clarified. Our aim was to investigate the cytoprotective effect of autophagy against acute kidney injury (AKI) through cisplatin deteriorative pathway, which leads to AKI via renal cell degradation. For in vivo experiments, male Sprague Dawley rats were divided in to 2 groups (n = 6/group) as control, Cis-5D. Following a single intraperitoneal injection of cisplatin, rats were sacrificed after 5 days. Blood urea nitrogen (BUN), creatinine (Cr) and histological alterations were examined. Further, expression of key regulators of autophagy, light-clain 3 (LC3), p62, and Beclin1, was evaluated by immunohistochemistry (IHC). The rats exhibited severe renal dysfunction, indicated by elevated BUN, Cr. Hematoxylin and eosin staining revealed histological damages in cisplatin-treated rats. Furthermore, IHC analysis revealed increased expression of LC3, Beclin1 and decreased expression of p62. Furthermore, expression of aforementioned autophagy markers was restricted to proximal tubule. Taken together, our study demonstrated that cisplatin can cause nephrotoxicity and lead to AKI. This phenomenon accelerated autophagy in renal proximal tubules and guards against AKI.

• Childhood Kidney Diseases
• /
• 제18권2호
• /
• pp.77-84
• /
• 2014

목적: 선천성 수신증은 신장 초음파 검사를 통해 조기 진단이 가능하며 초음파 소견과 질환의 예후가 연관성을 가진다. 기존 수신증의 분류법이 예후나 치료 방법 결정의 기준이 될 수 있는지에 대한 논란이 있어 Onen 분류법이 새로 제시되었다. 이에 선천성 수신증을 APDRP, SFU 및 Onen 분류법으로 비교하였을 때 Onen 분류법이 단일 수신증뿐만 아니라 복합 수신증에서도 타당한지 알아보고자 하였다. 방법: 2002년 1월부터 2011년 12월까지 선천성 수신증으로 진단받은 203명의 환자 중 추적 관찰이 가능했던 153명(204신단위)의 의무 기록을 후향적으로 검토하였다. 이들의 신장 초음파 영상을 분석하여 APDRP를 측정하고 SFU 및 Onen 분류법으로 수신증의 등급을 나누었다. 단일 또는 복합 수신증인지 조사하고, 만 2세경의 수신증의 임상 경과를 조사하여 자연 소실, 신기능 저하, 요로 폐쇄, 요로 감염 및 수술적 치료 여부를 조사하였다. 결과: 선천성 수신증에서 SFU-1등급과 Onen-1등급의 경우 단일 수신증이, SFU-4등급과 Onen-3등급의 경우는 복합 수신증이 많았다. 단일 수신증 군에서 만 2세까지 경과를 보면, 세 분류법 모두 수신증이 경미한 경우 자연 소실 빈도가 높았고 복합 수신증에서도 같은 결과를 보였다. 신기능 저하의 빈도는 단일 수신증은 Onen 분류법에 의한 등급 사이에 유의한 차이가 없었으나, 복합 수신증에서는 유의한 차이가 있었다. 요로 폐쇄와 수술적 치료의 빈도는 단일 수신증일 때 세 분류법 모두 고등급 수신증에서 유의하게 높았다. Onen 분류법의 고등급 수신증은 다른 분류법에 의한 것들과 비교하여 임상적 경과에 유의한 차이가 없었다. 결론: Onen 분류법은 APDRP 또는 SFU 분류법과 마찬가지로 단일 선천성 수신증의 임상 경과를 반영하며 복합 수신증에서 다른 분류법과 달리 신기능의 예후와 연관성이 있었으나, 고등급 수신증에서는 각 분류법 사이에 유의한 차이가 없어서 Onen 분류법의 장점을 확인할 수 없었다.

• 중환자간호학회지
• /
• 제8권1호
• /
• pp.11-24
• /
• 2015

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to explore the experience of patients on the waiting list for kidney retransplantation. Methods: The data were collected by individual in-depth interviews of nine patients who were dialyzed after primary kidney graft dysfunction and were waiting for deceased donor kidney retransplantation. All interviews were audio-taped and transcribed, and were analyzed using a phenomenological method. Results: The findings included 5 theme clusters and 13 sub-themes. The 5 clusters were 'Diagnosed with chronic renal failure and dialysis: Broken daily life and crisis', 'Kidney transplantation: The only way to escape from dialysis', 'Kidney graft failure: Inevitable moving backward to hemodialysis', 'Self-management of re-dialysis patients: Growth through pain', and 'The waiting for kidney retransplantation: To try again in the hope of getting a new life'. Conclusion: This study provides a deep understanding of patients with dialysis who are waiting for deceased donor kidney retransplantation. On the basis of the findings of this study, health professionals can provide customized information and develop effective nursing interventions to improve the self-management of these patients.

• Childhood Kidney Diseases
• /
• 제12권1호
• /
• pp.11-22
• /
• 2008

Telomeres consist of tandem guanine-thymine(G-T) repeats in most eukaryotic chromosomes. Human telomeres are predominantly linear, double stranded DNA as they ended in 30-200 nucleotides(bases,b) 3'-overhangs. In DNA replication, removal of the terminal RNA primer from the lagging strand results in a 3'-overhang of uncopied DNA. This is because of bidirectional DNA replication and specificity of unidirectional DNA polymerase. After the replication, parental and daughter DNA strands have unequal lengths due to a combination of the end-replication problem and end-processing events. The gradual chromosome shortening is observed in most somatic cells and eventually leads to cellular senescence. Telomere shortening could be a molecular clock that signals the replicative senescence. The shortening of telomeric ends of human chromosomes, leading to sudden growth arrest, triggers DNA instability as biological switches. In addition, telomere dysfunction may cause chronic allograft nephropathy or kidney cancers. The renal cell carcinoma(RCC) in women may be less aggressive and have less genomic instability than in man. Younger patients with telomere dysfunction are at a higher risk for RCC than older patients. Thus, telomeres maintain the integrity of the genome and are involved in cellular aging and cancer. By studying the telomeric DNA, we may characterize the genetic determinants in diseases and discover the tools in molecular medicine.

• 한국임상약학회지
• /
• 제3권1호
• /
• pp.15-20
• /
• 1993

The ability to precisely predict serum digoxin concentration using 7 published methods in a group of 50 patients was undertaken. Two methods of estimating creatinine clearance and two estimates of lean body weight were employed as input variables using the 7 dosing methods. TDX was used to determine the nadir SDCs(serum digoxin concentrations) in 50 in patients meeting predetermined study criteria. All patients, whose ages ranged 19-71 years, had steady-state digoxin levels, were in oral digoxin, and were free from liver dysfunction, thyroid dysfunction and renal failure. The correlation coefficients(r) of predicted versus observed SDCs were determined,. and mean error(ME) was determined for each method to reflect bias, respectively. No substantial differance in predictive reliabliity was evident among the methods studied in total group. Poor correlations existed between predicted and observed SDCs(r<0.4) and these correlations were not significantly affected by age and gender. But relatively higher correlation and lower ME was founded for the CHF group in Jelliffe method(r=0.5, p<0.05).