• 대한원격탐사학회지
• /
• 제28권3호
• /
• pp.297-305
• /
• 2012

This study was performed to estimate forest canopy density (FCD) using airborne hyperspectral data acquired in the Independence Hall of Korea in central Korea. The airborne hyperspectral data were obtained with 36 narrow spectrum ranges of visible (Red, Green, and Blue) and near infrared spectrum (NIR) scope. The FCD mapping model developed by the International Tropical Timber Organization (ITTO) uses vegetation index (VI), bare soil index (BI), shadow index (SI), and temperature index (TI) for estimating FCD. Vegetation density (VD) was calculated through the integration of VI and BI, and scaled shadow index (SSI) was extracted from SI after the detection of black soil by TI. Finally, the FCD was estimated with VD and SSI. For the estimation of FCD in this study, VI and SI were extracted from hyperspectral data. But BI and TI were not available from hyperspectral data. Hyperspectral data makes the numerous combination of each band for calculating VI and SI. Therefore, the principal component analysis (PCA) was performed to find which band combinations are explanatory. This study showed that forest canopy density can be efficiently estimated with the help of airborne hyperspectral data. Our result showed that most forest area had 60 ~ 80% canopy density. On the other hand, there was little area of 10 ~ 20% canopy density forest.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
• /
• 제2권1호
• /
• pp.38-47
• /
• 1999

The mixed rural city is adjusting to change by urbanization. The recent landcover change in mixed rural city is an important factor that changes structure and function of regional ecosystem. Landscape ecology is an integrated ecology widely available for environmental science such as nature conservation and sustainable land-use planning. As the concern about environmental quality rises, many studies are trying to create and conservate for biotop. The creation of biotop is related to the plan and management of the effective landuse because the important factor to change the structure and function of ecological area in the country. This study was carried out to establish the foundation of the landuse plan to analyze the change of landuse and to plan the scheme in creating biotop and landuse. We used the approach of ecological landscape and using landscape indices with RS(Remote Sensing) and GIS(Geographic Information System) technology, spatio-temporal variations of areas and distribution of forest patches were examined in the Sunghwan in Chonan from 1985 to 1996. A result of this study showed that the area of forest and paddy decreased by urban sprawl. The size of patch in the forest and agriculture had been smaller and irregular form, heterogeneity of size of forest and agriculture patches within sub-basin was increased, pattern of forest and agriculture patches decreased the corridor and network from 1985 to 1996.

• 대한원격탐사학회지
• /
• 제34권5호
• /
• pp.829-846
• /
• 2018

작황 모니터링은 농민들에게 최적의 작물 생산을 위한 농작업 관리 전략을 수립하는데 유용한 정보를 제공할 수 있다. 그러나 시료 채취에 의한 분석 등에 한정된 기존의 현장 모니터링 방법은 많은 시간과 노동력이 필요하다. 무인항공기는 고해상도 이미지를 신속하고 정기적으로 취득할 수 있는 장점이 있기 때문에 재배 면적, 생육인자, 생육이상 및 생산량 추정 등과 같은 작황 모니터링 분야에 효과적으로 활용될 수 있다. 또한, 위성과 비교하여 비행 고도가 낮아 흐린 날씨에서도 높은 화질의 영상을 수집할 수 있다. 본 연구는 작황 모니터링 분야에서의 무인항공기 활용 가능성을 검토하고 무인항공기 기반의 작황 정보 생산을 위한 적용방안을 제시하고자 하였다.

• 대한원격탐사학회지
• /
• 제40권1호
• /
• pp.9-18
• /
• 2024

Small streams, despite their rich ecosystems, face challenges in vegetation assessment due to the limitations of traditional, time-consuming methods. This study presents a groundbreaking approach, combining unmanned aerial vehicles(UAVs), convolutional neural networks(CNNs), and the vegetation differential vegetation index (VDVI), to revolutionize both assessment and management of stream vegetation. Focusing on Idong Stream in South Korea (2.7 km long, 2.34 km² basin area)with eight diverse revetment methods, we leveraged high-resolution RGB images captured by UAVs across five dates (July-December). These images trained a ResNeXt101 CNN model, achieving an impressive 89% accuracy in classifying vegetation cover(soil,water, and vegetation). This enabled detailed spatial and temporal analysis of vegetation distribution. Further, VDVI calculations on classified vegetation areas allowed assessment of vegetation vitality. Our key findings showcase the power of this approach:(a) TheCNN model generated highly accurate cover maps, facilitating precise monitoring of vegetation changes overtime and space. (b) August displayed the highest average VDVI(0.24), indicating peak vegetation growth crucial for stabilizing streambanks and resisting flow. (c) Different revetment methods impacted vegetation vitality. Fieldstone sections exhibited initial high vitality followed by decline due to leaf browning. Block-type sections and the control group showed a gradual decline after peak growth. Interestingly, the "H environment block" exhibited minimal change, suggesting potential benefits for specific ecological functions.(d) Despite initial differences, all sections converged in vegetation distribution trends after 15 years due to the influence of surrounding vegetation. This study demonstrates the immense potential of UAV-based remote sensing and CNNs for revolutionizing small-stream vegetation assessment and management. By providing high-resolution, temporally detailed data, this approach offers distinct advantages over traditional methods, ultimately benefiting both the environment and surrounding communities through informed decision-making for improved stream health and ecological conservation.

• 대한원격탐사학회지
• /
• 제37권5_1호
• /
• pp.1199-1206
• /
• 2021

원격탐사 기술을 이용하면 작물의 생육·생리 상태를 비파괴적이고 연속적으로 탐지할 수 있어 그 농업적 활용 가치가 크다. 원격탐사 기반 센서를 농장에 설치하여 스마트팜 시스템에 활용하면, 작물의 이상 여부를 실시간으로 연속해서 감시하여 농업정보(Agro-information)를 생산할 수 있다. 하지만, 작물은 동적으로 변하는 생물이므로, 관측 물리량이 작물의 이상 상태를 나타내는 것인지 생육단계에 따른 생육 변화를 나타내는 것인지 판단하기는 쉽지 않다. 따라서, 작물의 표준 생육정보(Standard growth information) 와 비교한 상대적인 생육을 파악해야 한다. 이상적인 재배관리에서 획득한 작물 생육관련 누적기온인 GDD (Growing Degree Days)와 식생지수의 관계를 표준 생육정보로 두고, 표준 재배관리 시행 논과 무비료처리한 논 각각에서 분광반사측정 센서로 관측된 식생지수(NDVI, Normalized Difference Vegetation Index; CCI, Chlorophyll/Carotenoid Index)와 비교해 작물 상태를 파악했다. 영양생장기 동안에는 생육 정도에 따라 NDVI의 차이가 나타났으며, 식물 스트레스에 따라 CCI가 반응했다. 벼가 익는 동안은 NDVI와 CCI 모두 감소하지만, 표준 생육에서 노화에 따른 그 감소 폭이 더 컸다. 향후 공학적 관측 기법과 농학적 해석 방법을 융합하여 유용한 농업정보를 생산하기 위해 다양한 기후조건과 품종을 대상으로 표준 생육정보 데이터베이스 구축이 필요하겠다.

• 대한원격탐사학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 대한원격탐사학회 2006년도 Proceedings of ISRS 2006 PORSEC Volume I
• /
• pp.432-435
• /
• 2006

Potential application topics of KOMPSAT-3 image in the field of precision agriculture are suggested. The topics can be categorized as fundamental and applied ones that have contents of static and dynamic characteristics respectively. As fundamental topics, precision information of agriculture that is related to farmland and its crop attributes, precision information of rural infrastructure that is related to rural village and its facilities, precision information of stream environment that is related to rural water resources and its facilities, and precision information of eco-environment that is especially related to riparian ecology and environmental status are included. As applied topics, precision rural water resources that has thematic contents of continuous and event-based runoff, spatial and temporal soil moisture and evapotranspiration, precision agricultural watershed environment that has the contents of spatial and temporal soil loss, sediment and pollutants transport, and precision temporal and spatial crop growth that has the contents of temporal crop texture, spectral reflectance, leaf area index, spatial crop protein information.

• 한국농촌건축학회논문집
• /
• 제21권3호
• /
• pp.41-48
• /
• 2019

The purpose of this study is to understand whether the architecture of the mountain village conforms to the geography and local landscape, and become a unique scenic element. Also, the study is to grasp the status of the village landscape design elements. The methods and contents of the study were surveyed by field research with references in Biederbach community, an isolated mountain village in Southwestern Germany. The time frame for the survey research is July 2015. The contents of the study include the analysis of the village's landscape structure, architecture, and landscape design patterns. The following conclusions were reached through the above research process. First, the village landscape structure seen in the mid-distance view is the hilly scene of the alpine region, which houses the sloping terrain of Black Forest and surrounds the residential area with the grassland covered by the Black Forest. Second, the main elements of the town's landscape building are historical culture, traditional architecture, topology and nature, and artificial environmental design. Third, the landscape design utilizing the village's resources creates a sustainable community's residential environment.

• 농촌계획
• /
• 제2권2호
• /
• pp.67-80
• /
• 1996

Less Favored Area(LFA) is a newly shaped regional concept and just appearing as a new community design target, where the topogeographical, industry-locational condition and the daily living environment have been outstandingly inferior to any other regions. Community Design(CD) principles that cover a spatial order of settlements are introduced in this study when the CD concept is applied to the LFA. The study puts a great stress on the horizontal and vertical order of communal spatial units and living activities oriented to residents'socio-economic activities, on which a CD district and an inner spatial organization of community is based. Therefore the various relationships between residents' activities and particular places, such as that between agricultural production and land, access to living services and community-outer settlements, is analysed through the field study. The emphatic point is that the spatial unit and organization of community, namely settlement order is casted not only by the horizontal coverage but also by the vertical hierarchy forming a cubic-like spatial order. Applying the CD idea to LFA has limit because the CD has been oriented on urban architectural style and community participation process. Nevertheless, that has a new possibility to understand the fundamental and archetypical change of a spatial pattern of community uncovering the accumulated layer of settlement order especially in the drastically changed mountain community from past to now.

• 한국식생활문화학회지
• /
• 제20권2호
• /
• pp.131-143
• /
• 2005

This study is performed to examine the meal management attitudes of housewives who had elementary schoolchildren in the remote rural areas(RA: n = 318, $37.2{\pm}0.3$ years of age) in comparison to those in their vicinity urban area(UA: n = 349, $36.9{\pm}0.2$ years of age) in the Chungnam province in Korea. The subjects were asked to fill out the questionnaire on their attitudes of meal management for their families. The results obtained in this study were as followings: (1) Most husbands of the subjects had a farming job in the RA while they had salaried workers in the UA(p<0.001). Education levels of both subjects and their husbands were lower in the RA than in the UA. Nuclear families were dominated by both groups, however single parent-family and step parent-family were more prevalent in the RA than in the UA. (2) in terms of ways of getting foods such as grains, meats, eggs, vegetables and fruits, the RA housewives relied more often on self-production than did the UA housewives(p<0.001). (3) The frequency of purchasing unprocessed foods was lower in the RA than in the UA(p<0.001). The RA housewives purchased the convenient foods such as instant noodles(p<0.05), ready to eatsoups(p<0.001), retort pouch foods(p<0.05) and instant teas(p<0.05) more frequently than did the UA housewives, while tuna, canned in oil(p<0.01), milk and their products(p<0.001), soybean products(p<0.001) and snacks(p<0.01) were purchased less often by the RA housewives. (4) Family members except housewives engaged more often in meal preparation in the RA than did those in the UA(p<0.001), which was more strongly observed for dinner. The time spent in preparing the dinner was shorter in the RA than in the UA(p<0.001). (5) The degrees of endeavor to provide the subjects' offspring with balanced meal(p<0.001) and nutrition education(p<0.01) were lower in the RA than in the UA. The RA housewives had more difficulty for performing meal management because of 'over work-related fatigue', 'insufficient money to purchase foods' and 'far distance from grocery' than the UA housewives(p<0.001). The RA housewives had lower score on nutritional knowledge(p<0.001) and wanted more strongly nutritional knowledge to improve the quality of family's meal than did the UA housewives(p<0.01). Therefore, the RA housewives had various problems regarding meal management such as 'over work related to fatigue', 'food-purchasing inconvenience', 'low economic status of family' and 'lack of nutritional knowledge'. As a consequence the RA housewives relied on cheap convenient foods more often in order to prepare the meal easily than did the UA housewives. These findings emphasize the need in the RA for nutrition education for housewives and a range of nutrition policies that focus upon the social and economic determinants of food choice within families to improve the nutritional status of the RA residents.

• 한국식생활문화학회지
• /
• 제25권1호
• /
• pp.100-107
• /
• 2010

This study was performed to compare the dietary intake and food sources of zinc (Zn), using a database of Zn composition developed in this study, between elementary schoolchildren in a remote rural area (RA, n=58, $9.9{\pm}1.7\;yrs$) and those in an urban area (UA, n=60, $9.4{\pm}1.8\;yrs$) in Chungnam province in Korea. A dietary survey for three days by food record method was performed. All kinds of foods (n=273) consumed by subjects were collected by aliquot sampling method, and the Zn content of these foods were analyzed by wet technique. The results showed that the daily mean intakes of energy, calcium, iron, and vitamin C from diet in the RA were in the range of 49-88% of the Korean DRI (KDRI), while those in the UA were similar to or greater than the KDRI, except for calcium and iron. The daily mean intake of Zn from the RA diet was $7.0{\pm}0.5\;mg/d$ ($114.1{\pm}8.4%$ of the KDRI), and $16.0{\pm}1.0\;mg/d$ ($258.3{\pm}16.3%$ of the KDRI) in that of the UA (p<0.001). The percentage of dietary intake of Zn less than 2/3 of the KDRI was 19.0% in the RA, in comparison to 1.7% in the UA. Those in the RA consumed Zn from plant foods more often than did those in the UA (p<0.001). Beef rib stew was the food source with highest Zn amount for the total subjects, followed by beef rib meat, roasted; and beef soup w/seasoned red pepper sauce. These results showed that some children in the RA had poor Zn nutrition based upon low intakes and poor food sources of Zn, while overall, children in the UA had good Zn nutrition. Therefore, those in RAs should have their Zn nutrition improved through government policy and nutrition education.