• 대순사상논총
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• 제22권
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• pp.345-385
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• 2014

The object of this thesis is to consider the meaning of sincerity(誠), reverence(敬) and faith(信) through Cha gyungseok's historical record. Cha gyungseok(車京石, 1880-1936) is a key disciple of Kang Jeungsan Sangjenim(姜甑山, 1871~1909) to whom Cha kyungseok has begun to follow since 1907, completing his wandering around Yeonghak-gye(英學契), Iljin-hoe(一進會) and Cheondo-gyo(天道敎) after the loss of his father[Cha Jikoo(車致九), 1851-1894] in Tonghak peasants revolution. To examine the meaning of sincerity, reverence and faith as cardinal points in Daesoonjinrihoe(大巡眞理會) creed, this research has taken note of Cha kyungseok's sincerity, reverence and faith who is said to be thought of himself as a head of Reconstruction Work for the Tonghak spitit's resolution of grievances, despite the Sangjenim's intention of using him for different usage due to his sincerity, reverence and faith. Especially, emphasis was given to the illumination of Cha gyungseok's change of sincerity, reverence and faith through closely reviewing his life prior to the encounter with Sangjenim, the process of following Sangjenim and his whereabouts after the ascension of Sangjenim. In addition, through Jeonkyeong(典經), this research also examines Cha kyeong seok's sincerity, reverence and faith along with his ambition contained in that sincerity, reverence and faith. Up to his ascension, Sangjenim has never saved his advice on Cha gyungseok's ambition. Leaving Sangjenim's advice behind, Cha gyungseok moves on to become a head of the Reconstruction Work for the Tonghak spitit's resolution of grievances without deserting the dream of being the Son of Heaven. Although, he showed his prowess as a religious sect leader called Bocheon-gyo boasting its 6 million believers and as a provisional emperor of the country named Sikuk, he ends his life as a head for the Resolution of grievances of kings, princes, generals and premiers due to the change of faith on Sangjenim and interruption of Japanese Imperial Government, without accomplishing his dream. The feature of past disciples suggests the direction of cultivation for our cultivators. Through Cha gyungseok's sincerity, reverence and faith, we could look back upon the meaning of sincerity, reverence and faith and conclude that a real sincerity, reverence and faith is the heart-mind trying to participate in Reconstruction Work of Heaven and Earth with a pure mind, contrary to the one coming out of greed.

• 한국패션뷰티학회지
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.78-87
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• 2005

The Purposes of this article are to find Christian religion and Germany expressionism which were background of Nolde's art and analyze formation and special quality, expression mode of holy picture. If synthesize contents of these analysis, we could know that faith is giving religious inspiration continuously during his lift to Protestant experience through the Bible. Though there is some difference by time but we could foretell that he accomplished modern holy picture of new sensitivity by doing individual expression with equal Bible subject traditionally in 20th century that change unlike existent holy picture with these motive power. That is, with new trend which religious inspiration as imagination which spring up in experience that is not experience of artificial Christian religion is then expressionism various that historically, he accomplished unique holy picture to related each other with the historic event.

• 한국의류학회지
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.677-688
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• 1997

The purpose of this study was to find out the symbolism of religious costume which has showed the religious belief system through costume practice and culture. Indian Religious costume each has its own mark was investigated in this study. In India, religion is a way of life. It is an integral part of the entire Indian tradition. The results were as follows; India's several main religions are Hinduism(About 80% of population) , Islam (About 11% of population) , Sikhism(less than 2% of population) , Jainism(less than 1% of population) , Buddhism(less than 1% of population) and Christianity(About 3% of population but excluding here) Religious faith system which symbolized Godhood, spiritualty, ascetics, restraint, chastity, sacred and dignity gave a certain shape to each color, ornaments, dressing and marking of religion costume. In connection with religion costumes, there were Hindu's Tika, sacred ash, long hair, knot and holy band (Yajnopavita) , Buddhist's kayysa and tonsures, Jams' no covering, Muslim's chador and skullcap, Sikh's turban (with no cutting hair) , comb, steel bracelet, drawers, sword or dagger. The characteristics, head especially of thebody and white in the colors were made much account for India religion costume. Traditional costume seems to be worn at the present times in India. But apparently these costume associated with religion costume because of Hindu more than 80% of population.

• 한국농촌건축학회논문집
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.72-79
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• 2021

Religious architecture in the Gwangju and Jeonam regions played the role of local culture, and in particular, cathedral architecture maintains a consistent religious context and seeks to integrate with the local community. This study is to investigate and analyze the overall data to find out the characteristics and meaning of the Eucharistic adoration, which played a central role in the religious aspect and the space in the cathedral, and used it as basic data for the study of local cathedral architecture. The Eucharistic adoration was activated starting from the time when the Eucharist storage room was placed in the Middle Ages, and in 1979, when Pope John Paul II published a letter, and Bishop Na Gilmo of Incheon introduced the Eucharist, the Eucharistic adoration movement was activated in parishes across the country. However, regarding the Eucharistic adoration, a way to use its spatial meaning and religious use is still unknown, even to its believers. The Eucharistic adoration of the cathedral contains the main spiritual function of managing faith rather than the functions of mission, fellowship, and office work. An approach which composes the liturgical spaces in various architectural planning methods is necessary, but the fundamental and religious meaning must not be abandoned.

• 기독교교육논총
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• 제78권
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• pp.21-55
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• 2024

연구 목적: 19 본 논문은 코로나 팬데믹 이후 한국교회와 신학교육 기관이 경험하고 있는 기독교교육의 위기상황을 검토하고, 이후에 한국교회가 기독교교육의 회복과 성장을 위하여 준비해야 할 새로운 과제와 방향은 무엇인지 모색하고자 한다. 연구 내용 및 방법: 19 코로나 팬데믹 이후 한국교회와 신학교육 기관이 경험하고 있는 현재의 위기 상황을 검토하기 전에 먼저 기독교교육의 용어와 개념을 성찰한다. 그리고 코로나 팬데믹 이후 한국교회와 기독교교육 위기의 원인과 그 현상은 무엇인지 통계 및 언론, 그리고 교회 현장의 자료를 통하여 검토한다. 연구자는 한국교회와 신학교육 기관이 경험하고 있는 위기의 원인을 1. 코로나19 팬데믹의 영향: 신앙과 교육 활동의 정지, 2.인구절벽 시대: 노인 증가 vs. 젊은이 감소, 3. 신자유주의: 시장주의, 무한경쟁, 효율성, 승자독식, 4. 탈종교시대: 탈기독교, 공동체성 약화, 기독교 교인수 감소 등으로 파악한다. 그 결과 나타나는 현상을 네 가지로. 1. 교회교육의 위기: 주일학교의 운영 중단과 열패감, 2. 청년세대의 신앙 위기: 불안한 미래 교회지도자 양성, 3. 성인세대의 신앙: 위기와 희망, 4. 노인세대의 신앙: 빛과 그림자 등으로 설명하였다. 결론 및 제언: 19 코로나 팬데믹 이후 한국교회가 추구해야 할 기독교교육의 새로운 과제와 방향을 1. 주일학교 신앙교육의 새로운 전환: 가정과 세대를 통합하는 신앙교육으로, 2. 신학교육의 새로운 전환: 지식교육에서 영성훈련으로, 3. 중년기 성인의 신앙교육 재점화: 예배와 소그룹을 통한 신앙의 활성화, 4. 교회 노인교육의 새로운 전환: 돌봄 대상에서 창조적 신앙생활로 전환해야 할것 등으로 제안하였다.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.112-119
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• 2013

This study focuses on an innate 'spiritual' quality of arts including building art, or a meaning of the religious philosophy of 'creativity-art'. In particular, this focuses, among two aspects in roots of modernism, especially on the irrational facet veiled by the name of 'a new' religious faith, rather than the rational such as the function. In fact, although modern Avant-gardes' religious philosophical faiths called by different names respectively have generally considered as one of the sources for their designs, nevertheless it had veiled because of the religious 'orthodoxy power' at that time. Arguably, as known well, the creativity of art is intimate relation with a religious ideas. Thus, for this purpose, this study treats this theme in central these three issues; Orientalism, Universalism, and Froebelianism which are intimate in the realm of religious philosophy. Ultimately, through a research on the universal religious philosophy in all three objects as keeping a quality not of pantheism but of 'Panentheism' emphasizing the individual's 'divine' artistic volition, this study deepens the understanding on the Creativity-art as the main characteristic of modernity. Namely, it is very important to draw a distinction between pantheism and Panentheism; because, through the pantheism, it is difficult to comprehend a stream and a characteristic of the twentieth new religious thoughts including those of modern avant-garde artists, as well as their existential free-will as a whole.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제16권18호
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• pp.8519-8524
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• 2016

After diagnosis of cancer, many patients show more inclination towards religion and religious activities. This qualitative study using semi-structured interviews explored the perspectives and experiences of 17 Iranian cancer patients and their families regarding the role of religion in their adaptation to cancer in one of the hospitals in Tehran and a charity institute. The content analysis identified two themes: "religious beliefs" (illness as God's will, being cured by God's will, belief in God's supportiveness, having faith in God as a relieving factor, and hope in divine healing) and "relationship with God during the illness." In general, relationship with God and religious beliefs had a positive effect on the patients adapting to their condition, without negative consequences such as stopping their treatment process and just waiting to be cured by God. Thus a strengthening of such beliefs, as a coping factor, could be recommended through religious counseling.

• Acta Via Serica
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.125-154
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• 2023

Historically, commerce was a significant factor in the proliferation and development of Buddhism, which is especially manifest in the cult of the bodhisattva Avalokiteśvara. Iconographic and textual evidence testifies that maritime trade on the Indian Ocean played a fundamental role in the formation of Avalokiteśvara worship. The sea was also a major conduit through which elements of the Avalokiteśvara faith were transmitted from India through China to Korea and Japan, the easternmost ends of the Silk Road. These elements include Avalokiteśvara's role as a maritime savior, oceanic symbolism, and the concept of the bodhisattva's worldly abode, Potalaka. Cultic sites dedicated to maritime safety were established at important transport hubs in East Asia. Due to China's strategic location on the Silk Road, as well as its cultural influence, the most important cultic sites were founded in China, first on the Shandong Peninsula, then in the southern Jiangnan region, in present-day Zhejiang Province. Especially notable is the role that Korean seafarers played in this process by assisting monks in search of the Dharma, establishing temples, and transmitting religious beliefs across the ocean. The present study focuses on the role that maritime figures played in the cultural exchanges between Korea, China, and Japan examined through Avalokiteśvara faith. By this, it aims to demonstrate how Korean seafarers inherited and continued the traditional relationship between commerce and Buddhism, while extending the Maritime Silk Road to the "East Asian Mediterranean."

• 윤리연구
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• 제80호
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• pp.1-30
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• 2011

이 글은 조선왕조 제4대 군주 세종대왕의 정신세계를 고찰하는 일환으로 그에게서는 유교와 불교가 동시에 중시되었다는 점을 밝혀 보려는 것이다. 왕조실록에서는 세종이 '해동의 요순(堯舜)'으로 평가되지만, 자세히 살펴보면 부처를 숭신했던 사례들을 종종 발견할 수 있다. 특히 왕실에서 생명의 위험성이 다가오면 구병(救病)을 위한 기도행사를 펼쳤으며 선왕의 사당에는 불당까지 겸비할 것을 추구하였다. 이러한 이면에는 세종의 유불화해의식이 작용하고 있었던 것이다. 유신(儒臣)들은 숭유억불의 기조를 따라 유교문화 확장의 차원에서 부단히 척불론을 전개했다. 특히 왕실의 불사(佛事)에 대해서는 군주와 격렬한 논쟁을 벌이기도 했다. 그러나 세종은 불교의 역사성과 현재성, 그리고 자신의 종교체험 등에 유의하여 그 적폐를 제거하면서도 불교 자체의 존재가치를 긍정하였다. 그렇다고 유교사상을 내세워 불교를 비난하거나 불교정신을 따라 유교를 경시하는 것도 아니었다. 즉 그는 유교를 높이면서도 불교를 버릴 수 없는 것으로 보고, 또 불교를 긍정하면서도 유교적인 삶의 태도를 중시했다. 현실적 삶의 태도로서는 유교윤리를 추구하고 생사 초월의 신앙적 측면으로는 불교를 높이며 융화해가는 입장을 보인 것이다. 특히 생사문제 등 인간으로서의 한계의식이 깊어질 때는 유교의 천명사상이나 제사의례뿐만 아니라 부처에의 믿음으로 위안을 찾을 수 있다고 보았다. 세종에서 유불화해의식의 절정은 선왕을 모시는 사당 문소전에 반드시 불당이 함께 있어야 한다는 모습으로 나타났다. 그와 같은 화해의식이 작용하게 되는 원인으로는 첫째 유교와 불교는 모두 왕조국가의 기조를 튼튼히 하는 데에 긴요하다고 인식되었다는 점, 둘째 기도에 대한 감응을 얻으며 안심입명의 안정감을 가지게 되었다는 점, 셋째 인간 평등의 가치관이 중시되고 있었다는 점 등을 말할 수 있다. 그리고 세종 유불화해의식이 가지는 의의로서는 ① 사람들의 정신적 상황 그대로를 긍정하여 평화적 삶의 기반을 제고시킬 수 있다는 것, ② 도덕적인 삶과 종교적인 삶의 포괄성을 높일 수 있다는 것, ③ 여러 가지 사회적 대립형상을 예방하는 데에 기여한다는 점 등을 들 수 있다.

• 기독교교육논총
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• 제77권
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• pp.7-27
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• 2024

기독교 종교교육의 중요한 역할은 시민적 양극성, 도덕적 무감각, 그리고 학습된 무력감 속에서 발견할 수 있다. 북미 베트남 1.5세의 개인적 배경과 이민자로서 기독교 신앙에 대한 학문적 참여 그리고 폭력적 상황 속에서 신앙의 교육은 도전과 장애에 직면한다. 종교교육의 공적 차원과 역할이 주목되면서 공적 참여를 위해서 비판적 역량을 증진하는 종교교육의 역량에 관심이 집중된다. 이와 동시에 회중 문화와 공적 참여의 목적 사이에 있는 광범위한 분리가 관찰되며, 학습자와 공동체 가운데 있는 학습된 도움 없음의 양식이 무엇인지가 논문의 주요 쟁점이 된다. 파울로 프레이리의 "비판적 희망"의 개념은 사회적 쟁점이 지닌 변형적 참여를 증진하는 교육과정의 요구를 충족하여 주고, 이것은 단순한 전달의 한계를 넘어서서 비상상력이 지닌 교육 환경의 한계를 비판하고, 비판적 사고와 집단적 저항의 장애물을 제거하는 실천적 역할을 수행한다. 이러한 교육 모형은 앙리 지루에 의해서 정교하게 된 것으로 환경적이며 사회적 행동주의에 대한 장벽으로 "학습된 무기력"의 개념을 탐구하는 것이 된다. 연구자는 세계의 부정의에 대한 희망과 실천적 참여를 교육하는 것으로 신학적 예술 접근과 신학적 정치 접근을 강조한다. 변형적 실천으로서의 신학 예술적 그리고 신학 정치적 희망의 작은 행동으로 미주리 퍼거슨에서 사건을 예시로, 공적 예전과 저항이 어떻게 희망과 정의를 소통하게 하는지를 보여준다. 이 논문은 생명의 길이, 생명의 폭, 그리고 생명의 깊이를 기독교적 희망에 뿌리내린 사회적 회복 속에 있는 책임적 참여를 호소하는 교육과정이 되어야 한다는 점을 강조하며 결론을 맺는다.