• 제목/요약/키워드: relevance evaluation

검색결과 291건 처리시간 0.027초

Histopathological evaluation of the lungs in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis

  • Sungmoo Hong;Jeongtae Kim;Kyungsook Jung;Meejung Ahn;Changjong Moon;Yoshihiro Nomura;Hiroshi Matsuda;Akane Tanaka;Hyohoon Jeong;Taekyun Shin
    • Journal of Veterinary Science
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    • 제25권3호
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    • pp.35.1-35.13
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    • 2024
  • Importance: Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) is an animal model of multiple sclerosis characterized by inflammation within the central nervous system. However, inflammation in non-neuronal tissues, including the lungs, has not been fully evaluated. Objective: This study evaluated the inflammatory response in lungs of EAE mice by immunohistochemistry and histochemistry. Methods: Eight adult C57BL/6 mice were injected with myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein35-55 to induce the EAE. Lungs and spinal cords were sampled from the experimental mice at the time of sacrifice and used for the western blotting, histochemistry, and immunohistochemistry. Results: Histopathological examination revealed inflammatory lesions in the lungs of EAE mice, characterized by infiltration of myeloperoxidase (MPO)- and galectin-3-positive cells, as determined by immunohistochemistry. Increased numbers of collagen fibers in the lungs of EAE mice were confirmed by histopathological analysis. Western blotting revealed significantly elevated level of osteopontin (OPN), cluster of differentiation 44 (CD44), MPO and galectin-3 in the lungs of EAE mice compared with normal controls (p < 0.05). Immunohistochemical analysis revealed both OPN and CD44 in ionized calcium-binding adapter molecule 1-positive macrophages within the lungs of EAE mice. Conclusions and Relevance: Taken together, these findings suggest that the increased OPN level in lungs of EAE mice led to inflammation; concurrent increases in proinflammatory factors (OPN and galectin-3) caused pulmonary impairment.

Computed tomographic evaluation of portal vein indices in cats with the extrahepatic portosystemic shunts

  • Eunji Jeong;Jin-Young Chung;Jin-Ok Ahn;Hojung Choi;Youngwon Lee;Kija Lee;Sooyoung Choi
    • Journal of Veterinary Science
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    • 제25권3호
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    • pp.37.1-37.10
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    • 2024
  • Importance: The portal vein to aorta (PV/Ao) ratio is used to assess the clinical significance of extrahepatic portosystemic shunt (EHPSS). Previous studies using computed tomography (CT) were conducted in dogs but not in cats. Objective: This study aimed to establish normal reference values for PV indices (PV/Ao ratio and PV diameter) in cats and determine the usefulness of these for predicting symptomatic EHPSS. Methods: This study included 95 dogs and 114 cats that underwent abdominal CT. The canine normal (CN) group included dogs without EHPSS. The cats were classified into feline normal (FN, 88/114), feline asymptomatic (FA, 16/114), and feline symptomatic (FS, 10/114) groups. The PV and Ao diameters were measured in axial cross-sections. Results: The group FN had a higher PV/Ao ratio than the group CN (p < 0.001). Within the feline groups, the PV indices were in the order FN > FA > FS (both p < 0.001). The mean PV diameter and PV/Ao ratio for group FN were 5.23±0.77 mm and 1.46±0.19, respectively. The cutoff values between groups FN and FS were 4.115 mm for PV diameter (sensitivity, 100%; specificity, 97.7%) and 1.170 for PV/Ao ratio (90%, 92.1%). The cutoff values between group FA and FS were 3.835 mm (90%, 93.8%) and 1.010 (70%, 100%), respectively. Conclusions and Relevance: The results demonstrated significant differences in PV indices between dogs and cats. In cats, the PV/Ao ratio demonstrated high diagnostic performance for symptomatic EHPSS. The PV diameter also performed well, in contrast to dogs.

검색 재순위화를 위한 가중치 반영 딥러닝 학습 모델 (Search Re-ranking Through Weighted Deep Learning Model)

  • 안기택;최우석;박준용;박정민;이경순
    • 정보처리학회 논문지
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    • 제13권5호
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    • pp.221-226
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    • 2024
  • 정보검색에서 질의는 다양한 유형이 존재한다. 추상적인 질의부터 구체적인 키워드를 포함하는 질의까지 다양한 형태로 구성되어 있어서 사용자의 요구에 정확한 결과 도출은 어려운 과제이다. 또한 검색시스템이 오타, 다국어, 코드와 같은 다양한 요소를 포함하는 질의를 다뤄야 하는 특징이 존재한다. 본 연구에서는 질의 유형을 분석하고, 이에 따라 딥러닝 기반 재순위화의 적용 여부를 결정하는 방법을 제안한다. 최근 연구에서 높은 성능을 보인 딥러닝 모델인 DeBERTa를 이용하여 질의에 대한 적합 문서의 학습을 통해 재순위화를 수행한다. 제안 방법의 유효성을 평가하기 위해 국제정보검색 평가대회인 TREC 2023의 상품 검색 트랙(Product Search Track) 테스트컬렉션을 이용하여 실험을 하였다. 실험 결과에 대한 정규화된 할인누적이득(NDCG) 성능측정 비교에서 제안 방법이 정보검색 기본 모델인 BM25 에 비해 질의 오류 처리를 통한 검색, 잠정적 적합성피드백을 통한 상품제목 기반 질의확장과 질의유형에 따른 재순위화에서 0.7810으로 BM25 대비 10.48% 향상을 보였다.

수술 전 선행보조치료를 받은 직장암 환자의 직장 자기공명영상의 해석 (Interpretation of Rectal MRI after Neoadjuvant Treatment in Patients with Rectal Cancer)

  • 서니은;임준석
    • 대한영상의학회지
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    • 제84권3호
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    • pp.550-564
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    • 2023
  • 자기공명영상은 현재 선행보조치료 후 직장암을 평가할 수 있는 가장 우수한 영상검사이다. 선행보조치료 후 시행하는 직장 자기공명영상의 목적은 직장암의 절제가능성을 평가하고 임상적으로 완전관해로 생각되는 환자들에서 장기 보존 전략을 적용할 수 있게 하는 것이다. 이번 종설에서는 선행보조치료 후 자기공명영상에서 평가해야 할 중요한 소견들을 체계적으로 평가하는 방법을 다루고자 한다. 먼저 원발 종양의 치료 반응을 평가하고, 완전관해를 시사하는 영상 소견에 대해 고찰하고자 한다. 또한 선행보조치료 후 원발 종양과 주변 구조물과의 관계, 임파절, extramural venous invasion, tumor deposit의 소견을 다루고자 한다. 이러한 영상 소견 및 임상적 중요성에 대한 지식은 정확하고 임상적으로 의미 있는 판독을 제공하는데 기여할 것이다.

식품첨가물의 독성자료 고찰과 ADI 평가지침 - 소포제 Polydimethylsiloxane를 사례로 - (Evaluation of Toxicological Data on Food Additives and Guideline for ADI establishment - Polydimethylsiloxane as emulsifier -)

  • 최찬웅;정지윤;박형수;문진현;이광호;이효민
    • 한국식품위생안전성학회지
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    • 제24권4호
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    • pp.352-356
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    • 2009
  • 본 연구는 최근 JECFA에서 이슈화된 식품첨가물의 평가 정보를 파악하여 국내에서 선제적 위해관리에 활용할 수있도록 하기 위하여, 제 69차 JECFA 회의에 의제로 선정된 PDMS의 독성자료 검토 및 monograph 작성 내용에 대하여 소개하고자 수행되었다. PDMS의 독성자료 검토는 'Guidelines for the preparation of toxicological working papers for the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives'에 근거하였고, 평가 의뢰 시 제공된 자료 및 추가적으로 검색된 자료를 활용하였다. PDMS는 거품제거와 뭉침 방지를 위하여 간장, 제당, 당밀, 유제품, 쨈, 과즙제품, 두부 등의 제조 시 첨가물로 사용된다. 15,000-20,000 Da 이하의 분자량을 가지는 PDMS가 혈관을 통해 좀 더 쉽게 흡수될 수 있다는 문제가 제기되어, 기존에 설정된 ADI 0-1.5 mg/kg bw/day의 검토가 요구되었다. 이에 따라 흡수, 분포, 배설에 대한 자료와 독성시험자료의 검토가 수행되었다. 검토 결과 PDMS는 체내로 흡수가 거의 이루어지지 않고 대부분 배설되었으며, 급성독성, 아만성독성, 만성독성시험에서 특이적인 전신증상이 관찰되지 않았다. 그러나 급성독성, 아만성독성 및 만성독성시험에서 안구독성이 일관되게 관찰되었으며 이 안구독성의 기전이 확실하게 밝혀지지 않았다. 따라서 이전에 설정된 ADI 0-1.5mg/kg bw/day 값에 안구독성에 대한 추가적인 safety factor 2를 적용하여 temporary ADI 0-0.8 mg/kg bw/day로 재설정하였다. 또한 독성시험에서 관찰된 안구독성의 타당성을 설명하기 위한 추가적인 연구결과를 2010년까지 제공하도록 요청하였다.

가정간호 서비스 질 평가를 위한 도구개발연구 (A basic research for evaluation of a Home Care Nursing Delivery System)

  • 김모임;조원정;김의숙;김성규;장순복;유호신
    • 가정간호학회지
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    • 제6권
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    • pp.33-45
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    • 1999
  • The purpose of this study was to develop a basic framework and criteria for evaluation of quality care provided to patients with the attributes of disease in the home care nursing field, and to provide measurement tools for home health care in the future. The study design was a developmental study for evaluation of hospital-based HCN(home care nursing) in Korea. The study process was as follows: a home care nursing study team of College of Nursing. Yonsei University reviewed the nursing records of 47 patients who were enrolled at Yonsei University Medical Center Home Care Center in March, 1995. Twenty-five patients were insured at that time, were selected from 47 patients receiving home care service for study feasibility with six disease groups; Caesarean Section (C/S), simple nephrectomy, Liver cirrhosis(LC), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD), Lung cancer or cerebrovascular accident(CVA). In this study, the following items were selected : First step : Preliminary study 1. Criteria and items were selected on the basis of related literature on each disease area. 2. Items were identified by home care nurses. 3. A physician in charge reviewed the criteria and content of selected items. 4. Items were revised through preliminary study offered to both HCN patients and discharged patients from the home care center. Second step : Pretest 1. To verify the content of the items, a pretest was conducted with 18 patients of which there were three patients in each of the six selected disease groups. Third step : Test of reliability and validity of tools 1. Using the collected data from 25 patients with either cis, Simple nephrectomy, LC, COPD, Lung cancer, or CVA. the final items were revised through a panel discussion among experts in medical care who were researchers, doctors, or nurses. 2. Reliability and validity of the completed tool were verified with both inpatients and HCN patients in each of field for researches. The study results are as follows: 1. Standard for discharge with HCN referral The referral standard for home care, which included criteria for discharge with HCN referral and criteria leaving the hospital were established. These were developed through content analysis from the results of an open-ended questionnaire to related doctors concerning characteristic for discharge with HCN referral for each of the disease groups. The final criteria was decided by discussion among the researchers. 2. Instrument for measurement of health statusPatient health status was measured pre and post home care by direct observation and interview with an open-ended questionnaire which consisted of 61 items based on Gorden's nursing diagnosis classification. These included seven items on health knowledge and health management, eight items on nutrition and metabolism, three items on elimination, five items on activity and exercise, seven items on perception and cognition, three items on sleep and rest, three items on self-perception, three items on role and interpersonal relations, five items on sexuality and reproduction, five items on coping and stress, four items on value and religion, three items on family. and three items on facilities and environment. 3. Instrument for measurement of self-care The instrument for self-care measurement was classified with scales according to the attributes of the disease. Each scale measured understanding level and practice level by a Yes or No scale. Understanding level was measured by interview but practice level was measured by both observation and interview. Items for self-care measurement included 14 for patients with a CVA, five for women who had a cis, ten for patients with lung cancer, 12 for patients with COPD, five for patients with a simple nephrectomy, and 11 for patients with LC. 4. Record for follow-up management This included (1) OPD visit sheet, (2) ER visit form, (3) complications problem form, (4) readmission sheet. and (5) visit note for others medical centers which included visit date, reason for visit, patient name, caregivers, sex, age, time and cost required for visit, and traffic expenses, that is, there were open-end items that investigated OPD visits, emergency room visits, the problem and solution of complications, readmissions and visits to other medical institution to measure health problems and expenditures during the follow up period. 5. Instrument to measure patients satisfaction The satisfaction measurement instrument by Reisseer(1975) was referred to for the development of a tool to measure patient home care satisfaction. The instrument was an open-ended questionnaire which consisted of 11 domains; treatment, nursing care, information, time consumption, accessibility, rapidity, treatment skill, service relevance, attitude, satisfaction factors, dissatisfaction factors, overall satisfaction about nursing care, and others. In conclusion, Five evaluation instruments were developed for home care nursing. These were (1)standard for discharge with HCN referral. (2)instrument for measurement of health status, (3)instrument for measurement of self-care. (4)record for follow-up management, and (5)instrument to measure patient satisfaction. Also, the five instruments can be used to evaluate the effectiveness of the service to assure quality. Further research is needed to increase the reliability and validity of instrument through a community-based HCN evaluation.

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인공습지 조성후 생물다양성 증진 효과에 관한 연구 -서울공고 생태연못을 중심으로- (The Effects of the Biodiversity Increase after Creation of the Artificial Wetland -The Case of Ecological Pond at Seoul Technical High School-)

  • 김귀곤;조동길
    • 한국조경학회지
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    • 제27권3호
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    • pp.1-17
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    • 1999
  • The purpose of this study is to evaluate the creation techniques of artificial wetland, one of biotopes developed to promote biodiversity in urban areas, and to look for improvement steps. Specifically, artificial wetland creation techniques were categorized into living environment and living creature classification. Being living conditions for creations, habitat environment was reviewed with a focus on water and soil environments. Living creatures were classified into plants, insects, fish, and birds. The evaluation of creation techniques was done in post-construction evaluation while considering the creation of habitats for living creatures. Intervention by users, changes in living environment and living species, and relevance of creation techniques were reviewed. Key results of this study are as follows. (1) Water environment for the living environment of creatures provides a suitable environment conditions for the living of creatures through a process easing the use of piped water. Various water depths and embankment appear to have a positive impact on the living of aquatic life. In particular, embankment covered in soil naturally played an important role as a place for the activities of aquatic insects and young fish as well as the growth of aquatic plants. (2) Various aquatic and ground plants to promote insect-diversity, shallow water, and old-tree logs had contributed greatly in increasing the types and number of insects. Aquatic insects. Aquatic insects were seen much particularly in areas where aquatic plants are rich but water is shallow than any other areas. (3) A space piled with stone to provide habitats for fish was not much used. However, it was observed that fish used embankment built with natural stones and embankment using logs in areas where water is deep. In addition, it was confirmed that 1,500 fish that had been released propagated using various depths and places for birth. (4) It was analyzed that techniques (creation of island, log setting, and creation of man-made bird nests) to provide habitats and to attract birds are not serving their roles. In such a case, it is believed that species had not increased due to the smallness as well as isolated features of the area. Based on theoretical review, they are judged to be areas that are likely to be used when a greater variety of birds is introduced. It is judged that attracting and keeping more birds at the site, such spaces need to be linked systematically in the future in terms of building eco-network while ensuring an adequate living areas. (5) In the study areas, users intervened greatly. As a result, a blockage was created preventing the normal growth of plants and non-indigenous plants were introduced. In order to limit the intervention by users, setting enough buffer zones, and environment education programs were urgently required. D/H=1>Hyangkyo> houses on the river>temples>lecture halls. D/H ratio of the backside areas is as follows. D/H=1>Hyangkyo>houses on the river>lecture halls. 4. Inner garden were planted deciduous than evergreen trees with Lagerstroemia indica. Enclosed dominant trees were planted by Pinus densiflora, Querces seuata. construct GEM strain, and examined for the expression and functional stability in microcosms.

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국내 홀스타인종 젖소의 선형형질의 점수제 분석 (Analysis for Linear Type Classification Scheme on Holstein Cows in Korea)

  • 최태정;조광현;이기환;상병찬
    • Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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    • 제51권2호
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    • pp.97-104
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    • 2009
  • 교류와 경쟁력 향상을 위해서는 검정기준, 평가방법과 모델 등에 많은 보완이 필요하다. 따라서, 본 연구는 현재 국내의 50단계의 심사점수를 낙농선진국에서 채택하고 있는 9점제로의 변환을 통해 국제기준을 국내 현실에 맞게 적용하기 위해 실시했다. 분석에는 한국 종축개량협회(KAIA)의 젖소에 대한 혈통기록 및 2001에서 2006년도 사이에 실시된 체형 측정 기록 중 최종점수와 15개 체형형질에 대해 초산차의 기록을 갖는 32,487두의 암소집단의 선형심사기록 자료가 이용되었다. 9점제로 변경한 집단이 더욱 정규성을 띄는 분포 특성을 나타내었다. 상관분석결과에서도 모든 형질에서 50점제와 9점제 심사 점수간에 0.98 이상의 상관계수를 나타내었다. 따라서, 50 점제에서 9점제로의 변경이 가능할 것으로 판단된다. 하지만, 9점제로의 변환 후 모든 형질에서 심사자에 따라 고도의 유의성을 보였고(P<0.001), 점수제간 F값은 발굽기울기와 앞유방의 붙음성은 심사자간 변이가 비교적 높게 나타났다. 이것은 9점제로의 변환 후에도 심사자의 주관적인 요소가 점수에 영향을 미치는 것을 의미한다. 따라서, 선형형질 점수제 변환은 환경효과에 대한 다양한 분석을 통하여 적합성 여부를 결정해야 할 것이다.

입자의 조건에 따른 정지토압계수 평가 (Evaluation of at Rest Lateral Stress Coefficient Influenced by Particle Condition)

  • 이정훈;이동열;윤태섭;이준환
    • 한국지반공학회논문집
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    • 제28권8호
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    • pp.21-29
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    • 2012
  • 기초 구조물, 옹벽 등 지반 구조물의 거동 평가에 사용되는 정지토압계수는 현장 응력상태를 나타내는 상태변수로 해석과 설계에 매우 중요하다. 정규 압밀된 사질토에서 일반적으로 널리 쓰이는 Jaky의 Ko식은 실험에서 획득 가능한 마찰각으로부터 응력상태를 유추하지만, 실무에서 마찰각 적용시 필수적인 입자 조건에 따른 영향과 기준에 대한 평가가 어렵다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 주요한 영향 인자로서 상대밀도, 원마도, 표면 거칠기에 따른 Ko값의 변화 양상을 다양한 하중 단계별로 실험에 고려하였다. 변형계를 사용한 Ko측정기를 제작하여 주문진 표준사, 글라스 비드, 에칭 글라스 비드에 대해 재하-제하-재재하의 단계별로 Ko을 측정하였고 영향 요인별 분석을 실시하였다. 실험 결과 원마도와 무관하게 작은 상대밀도의 시편이 높은 Ko을 보였으며 표면 거칠기는 Ko에 큰 영향이 없었다. 또한 동일한 상대밀도에서 입자가 모난 형상에 가까울수록 낮은 Ko을 보였다. 본 연구에서 획득한 실험 결과를 바탕으로 경험식과 문헌에서 보고된 데이터를 이용하여 상대밀도에 따른 Ko과 마찰각의 특성을 분석하였다.

광고윤리의식과 소비주의촉진인식 관계성 비교: 한중소비자의 인식을 중심으로 (Study compares to recognize the relationship of advertising ethics and promote consumerism: Focus on the cognition between South Korea and China consumer)

  • 유승엽;김구성
    • 디지털융복합연구
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    • 제11권3호
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    • pp.85-93
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    • 2013
  • 본 연구는 논쟁적인 광고 표현들에 대한 한중 소비자들의 인식을 조사하였다. 즉, 문제가 되는 광고유형들에 대하여 소비자들이 어떠한 윤리적 평가를 하고 있는가를 알아보았으며, 또한 한중 소비자들의 광고윤리지각 평가에 차이가 있는가를 확인하였다. 또한 이러한 한중 소비자들이 광고 유형에 대한 평가에서 소비주의촉진 인식과 관련성이 있는가를 분석해 보았다. 연구결과 첫째, 광고의 부정적 역할 측면에서 중국소비자의 긍정인식이 유의미하게 높게 나타났다. 반면 긍정적 역할 인식에서 한국소비자들의 인식이 높게 나타났다. 둘째, 어린이를 대상으로 하는 광고에 대해 한국소비자가 중국소비자에 비해 긍정응답이 높게 나타났다. 셋째, 성적소구 광고에 대해 중국의 소비자들이 한국소비자들에 비해 매우 관대하게 생각하는 것으로 나타났다. 넷째, 담배광고에 대해 한국과 중국소비자 모두 담배광고에 대해 부정적인 윤리지각을 보였다. 다섯째, 불쾌한 광고에 대해 인종차별과 같은 광고게재 행위에 대해 양국 소비자 모두 매우 부정적인 의견을 보였으며, 에이즈 확산을 위해 콘돔광고 허용에 대해 양국 소비자 모두 긍정응답을 나타내 보였다. 본 연구결과는 중국에 진출하고 있는 한국기업의 경영자 및 광고대행사의 광고실무자에게 효과적인 메시지 수용전략을 세우는데 활용가능 할 것이다.