• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.187-198
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• 2002

The ultimate goal of periodontal therapy is the regeneration of periodontal tissue which has been lost due to destructive periodontal disease. To achieve periodontal regeneration, various kinds of methods have been investigated and developed, including guided tissue regeneration and bone graft. Bone graft can be catagorized into autografts, allografts, xenografts, bone substitutes. And materials of all types have different biological activity and the capacity for periodontal regeneration, but ideal graft material has not been developed that fits all the requirement of ideal bone graft material. Recently, bioactive glass that has been utilized in plastic surgery is being investigated for application in dental practice. But, there has not been any long-term assessment of bioactive glass when used in periodontal intrabony defects. The present study evaluates the long-term effects of bioactive glass on the periodontal regeneration in intrabony defects of human and the effect of plaqu control on long term treatment results after dividing patients into those who underwent 3-month regular check-up and those who didn't under go regular check-up The clinical effect on 74sites from 17 infrabony pockets of 11 patients were analyzed 36months after treatment. 51 sites which underwent regular check up were classified as the Follow-up group(F/U group), and 23 sites which did not undergo regular check up were classified as Non Follow-up group(Non F/U group). After comparing the probing depth, attachment loss, bone probing depth before and 36months after treatment, the following results could be concluded. 1. The changes of probing pocket depth showed a statistically significant decrease between after baseline and 36 months after treatment in F/U group(1.79${\pm}$0.68mm) and did no show astatistically significant decrease between after baseline and 36months after treatment in Non F/U group(0.61${\pm}$0.54mm) (P<0.05). 2. The changes of loss of attachment showed a statistically significant decrease between after baseline and 36 months after treatment in F/U group(1.44${\pm}$0.74mm) and did no show astatistically significant decrease between after baseline and 36months after treatment in Non F/U group(1.18${\pm}$1.54) (P<0.05). 3. The changes of bone probing depth showed a statistically significant decrease between after baseline and 36 months after treatment in both F/U(1.35${\pm}$0.28) and Non F/U group(0.78${\pm}$0.55mm) (P<0.05). The results suggest that treatment of infrabony defects with bioactive glass resulted in significan reduction of attachment loss and bone probing depth 36months after the treatment. The use of bioactive glass in infrabony defects, combined with regular check-up and proper plaque control generally shows favorable clinical results. This measn that bioactive glass could be a useful bone substitute.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.164-173
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• 1993

This study was aimed to investigate whether abdominal obesity is associated with non-insulin dependednt diabetes. The distribution of body fat patterns was observed in 181 female patients with diabetes, aged 33 to 83 years, living in the Taegu area, Korea. The following anthropometric measuremetns were made on all participants from October 1 to November 25, 1991 : weight, height ; waist and hip circumferences in standing position. The waist hip circumference ratio was used as an index of abdominal obesity. The results were as follows; 1) The mean fasting blood glucose of diabetic subjects was 145$\pm$50.3mg/dl and the mean duration of diabetes was 4.7$\pm$7.5 years. 2) Obese subjects above the ideal body weight body weight of 120% in the investigation are presently 52%, but 63% of subjects were reported to be obese in the past. The mean BMI of the subjects is 24.57$\pm$3.15 and the past mean BMI was 27.13$\pm$3.26. One year after reaching their highest body weight, 47% of the subjects developed diabetes. Two years after reaching their peak body weight, 74% of diabetic subjects developed diabetes. 3) Using the waist-hip circumference ratio, subjects beloing to the upper body obesity(WHR>0.84) were 65.5%. 4) The average daily energy intake did not differ between the obese and non-obese diabetic subjects, whether they were assessed with BMI or with RBW. 5) The average daily energy intake was higher in the upper body obesity subjects than in the lower body obesity subjects. 6) Diabetics withing the regular exercise group had lower fasting blood glucose levels than the non-regular exercise group. Exercise did not effect the RBW, BMI, and WHR. 7) The waist-to-hip circumference ratio correlated significantly in positive with waist-circumference, but did not correlated with hip-circumference. Therefore, WHR may depended on the increased accumulation of abdominal fat in female diabetics. In conclusion, these findings suggest that caloric intake is more associated with abdominal fat accumulation in diabetic women. Blood glucose concentration is independently effected by exercise, and exercise does not affect the WHR. Therefore, control of caloric intake and development of specific exercises to change the WHR seems important for controling diabetes in female subjects.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.66-72
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• 2011

The purpose of this study was to assess the metabolic profile and nutrient intake data in Korean adolescents according to exercise regularity using the forth Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey from 2008 data. A total of 834 Korean adolescents (440 boys, 394 girls) aged 12 to 18 years were classified into exercising male (EM), non-exercising male (NM), exercising female (EF), and non-exercising female (NF) groups. EM exhibited significantly higher weight (P<0.001), waist circumference (WC) (P<0.01) and body mass index (EMI) (P<0.001) than NM. EF showed significantly greater height (P<0.01), weight (P<0.001), we (P<0.001), and BMI (P<0.001) than NF. Although ratios of macronutrient intake were within the appropriate range in all groups, energy, riboflavin, vitamin e and calcium were assessed as in adequate by the nutritional adequacy ratio (NAR) in all groups. Moreover, EF and NF had inadequate intake of vitamin A and iron according to NAR, respectively. There were significant correlations between height and NAR protein (r=0.249, P<0.001), and mean adequacy ratio (MAR) (r=0.177, P<0.01), and between weight and NAR protein (r=0.180, P<0.01), and MAR(r=0.136, P<0.05) in EM. On the other hand, there were significant correlations between weight and NAR protein (r=0.270, P<0.01), we and NAR protein (r=0.271, P<0.01), and BMI and NAR protein (r=0.326, P<0.01) in NM. There were significant correlations height and NAR Fe (r=0.153, P<0.05) in EF. However, there were no significant correlations between metabolic factors and nutritional adequacy in NF. Although we noted no significant differences in MAR between the groups, the exercising groups showed higher MAR values than the non-exercising groups. Therefore, practicing of ideal dietary behaviors appears to be induced through physical activity and regular exercise in Korean adolescents.

• Journal of the Korean Dietetic Association
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.114-122
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• 2007

This study was conducted to find and compare the effects of dietary habits on and obesity indices and nutrition intakes among four hundreds and seven healthy adults males subjects. Subjects were classified as regular meal group(RMG) and irregular meal group(IRMG). Two hundreds and thirteen subjects of RMG had regularly 3times meal(time and amount) per 1 day during more than last 6 month. One hudred and ninety four subjects of IRMG(n=194) were not had regularly meal during last 6 month. Obesity indices were BMI(Body Mass Index), WHR(Waist Hip Ratio) and PIBW(Percentage of Ideal Body Weight). And the mean BMI, WHR and PIBW of RMG and IRMG were 23.1, 0.91, 104.8 and 24.7, 0.93, 112.9. PIBW of IMG were significantly lower than IRMG(p<0.01). The mean daily intakes of starches, seeds, meats, eggs, fishes, milk, fats and processed food intakes of RMG were significantly lower than IRMG. And the mean daily intakes of vegetables, mushrooms and beverages intakes of the IRMG were significantly lower than RMG. Energy intake of RMG and IRMG were 1978.2kcal and 1988.2kcal. For nutrient intake, vitamin C intake of IRMG was significantly lower than RMG. But niacin and cholesterol intake of RMG were significantly lower than the IRMG. Meal regularity was mainly related with obesity indices and nutrition intakes. Therefore, it might be necessary to manage meal regularity to prevent obesity and chronic disease in Korean adult males.

• Journal of The Korean Association of Information Education
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• v.23 no.6
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• pp.529-542
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• 2019

Adverting of the 4th Industrial Revolution, maker education is emerged as a new paradigm and related studies keep increasing, As ideal human resources model has been changed. For this study, 65 theses on maker education were reviewed. The study has mainly analyzed the key factors for applying maker education in school. Though this study, it hopes to propose how further maker education studies should be developed. From the theses, 1.4 percent of the maker education program is actually usable in regular school class. For utilizing this education, it requires prior training and needs computer facilities. Most programs were designed as fusion form in more than two subject and included cooperative activities and sharing time. Further studies should be conducted on the application of education programs of within regular classes of school, recommended tools based on the school levels and prior training for tools, established the Makerspace in schools, shared student's output, evaluated students, and teacher training.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.37 no.4
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• pp.577-589
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• 2013

Fashion is traditionally perceived as a non-art in art philosophy; however, it is now being evaluated as art through the process of recognizing its cultural value and position. This study investigated the expanded concept of contemporary fashion in the same context of the expanded concept of contemporary art to present the possibility of fashion as art. This study enhances the artistic and cultural value, as well as the social function and position, of fashion by granting it the same status as art according to the concept of expanded contemporary art. For the research method, a literature review and a case analysis were conducted through specialty publications related to art history, aesthetics, and fashion in addition to regular publications, websites specializing in fashion, art museums and fashion style websites. The expanded aesthetic concept of contemporary art has embraced challenges to ideal beauty, production methods through interactivity, and expansion of art expression through mass media and industrial products. In the same context, the expanded aesthetic concept of contemporary fashion has established challenges to conventional beauty, the expansion of production methods, and the expansion and transfiguration of materials.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.1-11
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• 2013

This study analyzed the expressive characteristics of padding in contemporary fashion. The methodology of this study was quantified through documentaries, fashion collections, and internet news. The results of expressive characteristics and methods were as follow. First, variability showed the creation of dwelling space by air filling, detail mode by zipper, and diversity of recycled filling by zipper pocket. It reflected the pursuit of nomadism and subversion of permanence by change of filling. Second, it was sexual symbolicity that showed the blurred androgynous silhouette by air filling and padding bar design of the chest, stomach, shoulder for the male body silhouette. It emphasized male sexual identity and power through the expression of a modern ideal body. Third, decoration displayed various crafts (such as knitting), various fabric such as polapolis, suedette, corduroy, denim, leather, knit, and spangle. It reflected visual pleasure, scarcity and various interpretations. Fourth, playfulness character forms throug hair filling, unfamiliar fashion items, diversity of silhouette and change of uses. It reflected a pleasant feeling through astonishment and surprise, nostalgia involved in memory and childhood play and disembarrassment from reality. Fifth, simplicity showed the elimination of a sportswear's factor with regular wad quilting, elimination of wad quilting, wad quilting following the structural line of clothes and the structual line of clothes omitted. It reflected disembarrassment from stereotype and an emphasis on essential elements.

• The Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.51-55
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• 2011

BACKGROUND. Mandibular displacement is a common complication of condylar fracture. In the mandibular displacement due to condylar fracture, it is difficult to restore both esthetics and function without using orthognathic surgery. CASE DESCRIPTION. This clinical report described a full mouth rehabilitation in the patient with bilateral condylar fractures and displaced mandible using bilateral sagittal split ramus osteotomy (BSSRO) and simultaneous dental implant surgery. Mandibular position was determined by model surgery through the diagnostic wax up and restoration of fractured teeth. The precise amount of the mandibular shift can be obtained from the ideal intercuspation of remaining teeth. CLINICAL IMPLICATION. Mandibular displacement by both condylar fractures can be successfully treated by orthognathic surgery. Determination of occlusal plane and visualization from diagnostic wax up are mandatory for mandibular repositioning of model surgery. Stable occlusion and regular recall check up are needed for long-term outcome.

• Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.401-406
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• 2017

Ammonia, $NH_3$, is a key chemical widely used in chemical industries and a toxic pollutant that impacts human health. Thus, there is a need for the development of effective adsorbents with high uptake capacities to adsorb $NH_3$. An adsorbent with a high surface area and a small pore size is generally preferred in order to have a high capacity for the removal of $NH_3$. The use inorganic nanoporous materials as gas adsorbents has increased substantially and emerged as an alternative to zeolite and activated carbon. Herein, mesoporous alumina (MA) was prepared and used as an $NH_3$ adsorbent. MA showed good pore properties such as a uniform pore size and interlinked pore system, when compared to commercial adsorbents (activated carbon, zeolite, and silica powder). MA has free hydroxyl groups, serving as useful adsorption sites for $NH_3$. In an adsorption isotherm test, MA exhibited 4.7-6.5 times higher uptake capacities for $NH_3$ than commercial adsorbents. Although the larger surface areas of adsorbents are important features of ideal adsorbents, a regular and interlinked adsorbent pore system was found to be a more crucial factor to adsorb $NH_3$.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.442-446
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• 2002

Differences in dietary habits between Korean smokers and non-smokers were investigated using information obtained from 7,370 adults, aged 20 years and older who participated in the 1998 Korean National Health and Nutrition Sulvey. Dietary habit data including: skipping of meals, meal regularity, meal volume, snacking habits, removing fatty portions before eating foods, and dietary supplement intake were collected using a structured questionnaire by interview. Individual smoking data was also collected by interview as part of the health behavior survey. A Chi-square test was used to test the association between the dietary habits and smoking. 66.9% of the men were smokers (daily current or occasional current), while only 6.7% of women smoked. On average, 34.7% of the subjects were smokers. Smokers were more likely than nonsmokers to engage in the following dietary habits considered unhealthy: skipping breakfast, meal irregularity, large dinners, small breakfasts, frequently eating out, and eating food without removing the fatty portion. Therefore, Korean smokers should be provided education to assist them in making healthy dietary choices such as: eating regular meals, small dinners, and removing fatty Portion of foods. The survey also revealed that a substantial percentage (about 20%) of the subjects were taking some kind of dietary supplement, regardless of smoking status. It is, therefore, alto necessary to inform the general public that a balanced diet is the ideal way to obtain nutrients for optimal health.