• 한국유체기계학회 논문집
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• 제8권5호
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• pp.22-28
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• 2005

As the water supply facilities are recently getting larger, the domestic waterworks become multi-regional water supply system. Large water supply facilities generally consist of the intake pumping station, water treatment plant and water supply/distribution facilities. Although the pumping stations and the pipeline systems are used to pump up water, it often happens pipeline damage and flooding accident by the water hammer. In this paper, the intake pumping station is guaranteed by both the computer simulation and the field test analysis. This study is contributed to the safe operation program for the pumping station in which results of the adjustment on the safety plan of the pumping station, the air valve and the valve closing time.

• 유체기계공업학회:학술대회논문집
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• 유체기계공업학회 2004년도 유체기계 연구개발 발표회 논문집
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• pp.199-207
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• 2004

Water supply facilities are recently getting larger according as domestic waterworks become multi regional water supply system. Large water supply facilities generally consist of the intake pumping station, water treatment station and water supply & distribution facilities. Although pumping stations and pipeline systems are used to pump up water, it often happens pipeline damage and flooding accident by the water hammer. As a result of this study, a pumping station is guaranteed by the computer simulation and field test analysis. Therefore these are contributed safety operation in pumping station through adjustment of the pumping station safety plan, air valve and valve closing time.

• 상하수도학회지
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• 제29권4호
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• pp.493-502
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• 2015

In accordance with the Watershed Sewer System Maintenance Plan enforced on February 2, 2013, the different compliance concentration of effluent limit be applied to effluent discharged from public sewage treatment works(PSTWs) in each watershed on the basis of water quality thereof. With the introduction of watershed sewer system, it is necessary to set the compliance concentration of effluent limit for PSTWs situated in the watershed, by region and PSTW size, to achieve water quality criteria for regional watersheds or target water quality under TMDL program. Watershed Environmental Agencies establish the Watershed Sewer System Maintenance Plan and set the compliance concentrations of effluent limit for PSTWs under the plan. The agencies plan to apply tougher effluent BOD concentration limits in Class I to IV areas. Effluent BOD concentration limits will be toughened from 5~10 mg/L to 3 mg/L in class II~III areas, from 10mg/L to 5mg/L in class IV areas. Uniform application of effluent BOD concentration limits to PSTWs in the watershed sewer system need to be complemented considering type of sewage treatment technology employed and watershed characteristics. Therefore, this study presents method to determine the compliance concentration of effluent limit from PSTWs in the watershed.

• 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국신재생에너지학회 2010년도 춘계학술대회 초록집
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• pp.171.2-171.2
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• 2010

Geothermal effects on the underground water conveyance pipe system have been investigated through the multiregional water supply system from Paldang water intake station. To make an investigation of raw water thermal energy, temperature sensors are installed the surface of the pipes of metropolitan area water supply system. In 2009 winter and early spring seasons, the monthly averaged temperatures at Paldang 2 intake stations are $1.94^{\circ}C$ in February, $4.96^{\circ}C$ in March, and $10.56^{\circ}C$ in April. After the transfer in 26.0 km distance of tunnel and buried pipe, the raw water temperatures are raised to $3.13^{\circ}C$, $6.04^{\circ}C$, and $11.39^{\circ}C$ respectively. As the temperature difference between the raw water and the air reduces, the temperature increasement is reduced by $1.19^{\circ}C$ in Feb., $1.08^{\circ}C$ in Mar., and $0.83^{\circ}C$ in Apr. Since the flowrate is over 1,150,000 $m^3$/day, it is estimated that the water exchanges a huge amount of heat over 1.0 Tcal a day with the ground.

• 한국수자원학회논문집
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• 제52권7호
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• pp.505-514
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• 2019

우리나라는 효율적인 수자원 관리를 위해 노력하고 있으며, 향후 지역의 문제와 물이용 현황, 특성, 지형, 기후 등을 고려한 유역을 세분화한 후 계획을 수립하는 것이 필요하다. 이에 본 연구에서는 한강 권역을 대상으로 MODSIM 모형을 활용하여 중권역과 표준유역단위 물 수급 체계를 구축하고 분석 결과를 비교하였다. 분석 결과, 49개년(1967-2015)간 발생하는 평균 물 부족량은 중권역 단위 129.98 백만$m^3$, 표준유역단위 2,229.24 백만 $m^3$으로 약 21 억$m^3$ 가량의 차이가 나타났으나 물 부족이 발생하는 시기와 물 부족 발생 공간 분포에 대한 경향은 매우 유사하게 나타났다. 이러한 원인은 중권역 단위 분석의 경우, 모든 수량을 이용할 수 있다는 가정으로 대표 자연유량 값에 대한 생활, 공업, 농업용수 수요량에 대한 물 부족량이 산정된다. 그러나, 표준유역단위 분석에서는 분할된 공급량과 수요량의 차이로 인해 본류와 이격되어 있는 지류는 가용할 수 있는 수자원량이 상대적으로 작아져 물 부족이 크게 발생하는 것으로 나타났고, 본류는 오히려 회귀수량의 파급효과로 인해 물 부족이 나타나지 않는 것으로 분석되었다. 향후, 분석 단위의 세분화 뿐만 아니라 실제 물이용체계가 모형 내 고려된다면 지역적 특성이 반영된 물수급 평가가 가능할 것으로 판단된다.

• 상하수도학회지
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.511-517
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• 2011

To evaluate carbon emission in water treatment processes, LCA (life cycle assessment) was applied to 8 multi-regional water treatment plants (WTPs) from intake to supply of tap water. Investigation of 8 WTPs revealed that average carbon emission for 1 $m^3$ of tap water was 221 g. Major carbon emission sources in water supply system were intake and supply processes. Meanwhile, mixing process was the main carbon emission source in unit water treatment processes. Carbon emission was proportional to the turbidity and COD of raw water. Intake of better raw water and minimization of energy consumption in unit processes are needed to reduce carbon emission in the WTPs. In addition, comparison of carbon emission among WTPs can be used as a parameter for optimization of operation and maintenance of water treatment processes.

• 한국수자원학회논문집
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• 제43권7호
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• pp.609-623
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• 2010

본 논문에서는 시스템다이내믹스(System Dynamics, SD) 방법론에 입각하여 상수도 시스템의 운영에 내재된 피드백 루프 메커니즘(feedback loop mechanism)을 상수관로의 유지관리와 연관하여 규명하고, 관로 상태의 변화가 전체 시스템에 미치는 영향을포함한 상수도 시스템의 운영지표를예측하여 상수도 시스템의 효율적인운영 및 유지관리를 지원할 수 있는 SD 컴퓨터 모의 모형(simulation model)을 개발하였다. 개발된 모형은 물 공급(water supply) 모형, 관로 유지 관리(pipe maintenance) 모형 및 상수도 재정(water supply business finance) 모형으로 구성된다. 연구대상 지역 상수도 시스템의 운영 자료를 개발된 모형에 적용하여 모형을 검증하고 시스템의 과거 및 미래의 운영 상태를 추정하였으며, 시스템의 운영에 큰 영향을 미치는 정책 지렛대를 발견하였다. 정책 지렛대 발견을 위해 모형의 외부변수의 변화에 대한 연구대상 시스템의 주요 운영지표의 민감도가 분석되었는데 관로의 유지관리에 연관된 외부변수는 누수수량과 관로의 변화에는 큰 영향을 끼치나, 유수율을 비롯한 주요 운영지표에는 큰 영향을 미치지 않는 것으로 나타났다. 관로의 유지관리와 유수율과 같은 주요 운영지표 간의 관계를 보다 정확히 모형화하기 위해서는 관로의 누수 또는 사고로 인해 발생하는 사회적 비용의 발생과 그 전파 메카니즘이 모형화되어야 할 것으로 분석된다.

• 한국농공학회논문집
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• 제63권1호
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• pp.27-35
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• 2021

KRC (Korea Rural Community Corporation) is in charge of about 3,400 agricultural reservoirs out of 17,240 agricultural reservoirs, and automatic water level gauges in reservoirs and canals were installed to collect reservoir and canal water level data from 2010. In this study, 10-minute water level data of 173 reservoir irrigation canals from 2016 to 2018 are collected, and discharge during irrigation season was calculated using rating curves. For estimation of water supply, irrigation water requirement was calculated with HOMWRS (Hydrological Operation Model for Water Resources System), and the summation of reservoir water storage decrease was calculated with daily reservoir storage data from RAWRIS (Rural Agricultural Water Resource Information System). From the results, the total yearly amount of irrigation water supply showed less than 10% difference than the irrigation water requirement. The regional analysis revealed that reservoirs in Jeollanam-do and Chungcheongnam-do supply greater irrigation water than average. On the contrary, reservoirs in Gyeongsangnam-do and Chungcheongbuk-do supply less than others. This study was conducted with a limited number of reservoirs compared to total agricultural reservoirs. Nevertheless, it can indicate irrigation water supply from agricultural reservoirs to provide information about agricultural water use for irrigation.

• Environmental Engineering Research
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.230-236
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• 2015

26 multi-regional water treatment plants (WTPs) were investigated, to determine the characteristics of manganese (Mn) concentration and removal in Korea. Mn concentrations of raw water in most WTPs were higher than the drinking water standard (i.e., 0.05 mg/L); thus, proper removal of Mn at the WTPs is needed. Mn concentration was generally higher in lakes than rivers due to seasonal lake turnovers. The Mn concentrations of treated water at 26 WTPs in 2012 were less than 0.05 mg/L, due to strict law enforcement and water treatment processes optimization. However, before 2010, those concentrations were more than 0.05 mg/L, which could have led to an accumulation of Mn oxides in the distribution system. This could be one of the main reasons for black water occurrence. Therefore, regular monitoring of Mn concentration in the distribution system, flushing, and proper Mn removal at WTPs are needed, to supply clean and palatable tap water.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.1096-1101
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• 2014

본 연구(II)는 연구(I)에서 제안한 대구경 관로의 노후도 평가 모형을 수도권 광역상수도 1단계를 대상으로 이를 적용하였다. 노후도 평가 방법별 적용 결과에서, 총 30개 관로 중에서 1995년 평가방법은 24개, 2002년 평가방법은 27개 관로가 개량이 필요한 것으로 나타났다. 또한 개발된 모형과 기존의 2개 평가방법의 결과는 거의 일치하는 것으로 산정되었다. 즉, 본 연구에서 개발한 간편모형은 기존의 많은 인자를 이용하여 노후도를 평가하는 방법과 비교에서 신뢰할 수 있는 부합되는 결과를 보여 주었다. 따라서, 본 연구에서 개발한 모형은 기존의 노후관 평가방법과 비교시 실험 및 분석 등에 필요한 시간적 경제적 비용을 절약할 수 있어 실무적 적용에 많은 도움을 줄 수 있으리라 기대된다.