• Resources Recycling
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.70-80
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• 2013

Waste refrigerator is the most large amount of item being recycled and the recycling process is the most complicated in WEEE (Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment) because refrigerator is biggest product and consists of various parts and materials such as ferrous, non-ferrous, and plastics. Recently, recycling process of waste refrigerator has been being more complex since large capacity 2 door refrigerators and standing Kimchi refrigerators with various material are distributed on custom market. In addition, recycling of valuable resource from waste refrigerator is mandatory by WEEEs recycling legislation; therefore, high efficiency recycling enough for economic and environment-friendly recovery of valuable resource through present technical situation analysis and comparison of recycling technologies of waste refrigerator with advanced country.

• Korean Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineering
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• v.25 no.8
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• pp.471-476
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• 2013

The present study has been carried out to elucidate the optimal method for the performance test of a refrigerator vacuum insulation panel (VIP), by using numerical heat transfer analysis. Three locations of heat flux meter have been tested, for deriving the best test method to clarify the normal or the abnormal condition of the vacuum insulation panel in a refrigerator. The first location of the heat flux sensor is at the same place as the heater, the second one is at the nearby side location of the heater and the third one is at the opposite side location of heater in the refrigerator. The heat flux and $1/q^{{\prime}{\prime}^2}$ or $q^{{\prime}{\prime}^4}$ were calculated for the cases with the normal VIP, and with the abnormal VIP, and their differences analyzed. From the present study, the first and the second method had a mere difference characteristics of heat flux and $1/q^{{\prime}{\prime}^2}$ or $q^{{\prime}{\prime}^4}$, between the cases with the normal or the abnormal VIP. The magnitude of the heat flux after 300sec had a great difference between the cases with the normal or abnormal VIP for the third method, and it could be considered the most optimal method to test the performance of a refrigerator vacuum insulation panel.

• Food Science and Preservation
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.113-118
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• 2007

A LED (light emitting diode) was attached inside the cold $(4^{\circ}C)$ compartment of a home refrigerator to investigate a possible effect on freshness prolongation of cabbage over 10 d of storage. The LED increased chlorophyll synthesis, inhibited vitamin C degradation and increased the content of phenolics, compared to values measured in cabbages stored in an identical refrigerator without the LED. In the refrigerator with the LED, the color of cabbage leaves remained green for a period fourfold longer than that seen in a conventional refrigerator. Vitamin C content was twice that of a conventionally stored cabbage, and phenolic consent was 14% higher in the LED-illuminated vegetables.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Manufacturing Process Engineers
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.1-13
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• 2022

Household refrigerator cabinets must undergo cyclic testing at -20 ℃ and 65 ℃ for quality control (QC) after their production is complete. These cabinets were assembled from different materials, including acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS), polyurethane (PU) foam, and steel plates. However, different thermal expansion values could be observed owing to differences in the mechanical properties of the materials. In this study, a technique to predict delamination on a refrigerator wall caused by thermal deformation was developed. The mechanical properties of ABS and PU foams were tested, theload factors causing delamination were analyzed, delamination was observed using a high-speed camera, and comparison and verification in terms of stress and strain were performed using a finite element model (FEM). The results indicated that the delamination phenomenon of a refrigerator wall can be defined in two cases. A method for predicting and evaluating delamination was established and applied in an actual refrigerator. To determine the effect of temperature changes on the refrigerator, strain measurements were performed at the weak point and the stress was calculated. The results showed that the proposed FEM prediction technique can be used as a basis for virtual testing to replace future QC testing, thus saving time and cost.

• Journal of the FoodService Safety
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.7-20
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• 2023

This study was conducted to investigate the impact of refrigerator type and temperature fluctuations on the quality changes of refrigerated foods. Phycochemical and sensory quality, as well as microbial growth, were measured for various foods stored in open- or door-type refrigerators set at 5℃ during storage. The average temperatures recorded were 11.50±1.14℃ in an open refrigerator, and 6.34±0.97℃ in a closed refrigerator. The average surface temperatures of the food items were 9.60±1.20 and 6.00±0.80℃ for open and closed refrigerators, respectively. Significant changes in color and appearance quality were observed in lettuce, mackerel, ground beef, and cut pineapples when stored in open refrigerators. Ready-to-Eat foods such as gimbap and sandwiches exhibited higher levels of microbiological proliferation when stored in open refrigerators compared to closed refrigerators. Processed foods, such as sterilized milk and packaged tofu, did not show significant differences in quality among various types of refrigerators. The installation of refrigerator doors can effectively minimize temperature fluctuations caused by external factors, thereby reducing variations in food quality. These findings provide essential insights into the quality changes associated with the implementation of refrigerator doors, serving as fundamental data for ensuring optimal food preservation.

• Journal of IKEEE
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.174-179
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• 2024

In this work, we introduce a complementary metal-oxide semiconductor(CMOS)-based integrated circuit(IC) measurement set-up for quantum computer control and read-out using a cryogenic refrigerator. CMOS circuits have to operate at extremely low temperatures of 3 to 5 K for qubit stability and noise reduction. The existing cryogenic measurement system is liquid helium quenching, which is expensive due to the long-term use of expendable resources. Therefore, we describe a cryogenic measurement system based on a closed cycle refrigerator (CCR) that is cost-free even when using helium gas for long periods of time. The refrigerator capable of reaching 4.7 K was built using a Gifford-Mcmahon(G-M) type cryocooler. This is expected to be a cryogenic refrigerator set-up with excellent price competitiveness.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.13 no.7
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• pp.3165-3174
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• 2012

Recently the increasingly common large refrigerator is the side by side(SBS) refrigerator whose freezing chamber and refrigerating chamber are set side by side. But one of the biggest dissatisfaction of customers about SBS refrigerator is that the two doors don't meet the same height when they are closed. It is called door height difference(DHD). The main cause of DHD is the unevenness of floor on which a refrigerator is placed or the cabinet deformation caused by long time use. When the DHD is confirmed, the customer or maintenance personnel use wrench to adjust the support screw to make the refrigerator to reach the horizontal position. But for big refrigerator, it is not only difficult for women and old people who don't have enough force to adjust it, but also inappropriate to require customers to do this job. In order to resolve this problem, this research proposes a new mechanism which can detect the DHD and adjust two doors to the same height automatically. The adjustment would be completed during opening and closing the doors, avoid needing hard operation with wrench by hand.

• Archives of design research
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• v.14
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• pp.1-7
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• 1996

Designers often hesitate to decide the shape, size, and layout of a product. Though ergonomic principles and data are absolutely needed in this process, they don have enough guidelines to refer. For the refrigerator designers, they also are not convinced of their decision: the vertical position of the freezing and refrigerating rooms, the height of shelves, the shape of door-handle, etc. To support the refrigerator design, we applied several ergonomic methods to the evaluation of refrigerator. EMG was measured to evaluate the load of users lumbar muscle. Based upon the experimental EMG data, we developed a model to estimate the relative load corresponding to the height of refrigerator shelves. Two different layouts of a refrigerator, R/F and F/R styles, were compared with the model. A three-dimensional motion analysis method was used to evaluate the users motion of using a refrigerator. Ten door-handles with the different shapes and positions were evaluated by tracking the rotations of the users arm. Video protocol analysis was used to evaluate the user interface of a control panel in a refrigerator. Finally, we suggested several ergonomic design guidelines based on the facts found in this research and the anthropometric data of the Korean adults. The results of this study can be applied to the ergonomic design of refrigerators

• Archives of design research
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.237-244
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• 1998

Rapid prototyping is an efficient method to evaluate the usability of electric home appliances. However, the use of rapid prototyping method in usability tests has not been sufficiently validated. The purpose of this study was to validate computer-generated prototypes whether they can replace real products in usability tests. The control-display panel of a refrigerator was selected for this study. Sixteen female subjects participated in a between-subjects experiment: Eight subjects of them used the real refrigerator while others used the computer-generated prototype of the refrigerator. The difference between the refrigerator and the prototype was analyzed in terms of task failure rate, task completion time, and the number of buttons pressed for three typical tasks: clock setting, selecting an operation mode for refrigerating room, and selecting an rapid freezing mode. The results of a non-parametric statistical test showed that the prototype was not significantly different from the real refrigerator. Therefore, the rapid prototyping technique can be applied to the usability tests for the simple electric home appliances such as the refrigerator.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.1 no.2
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• pp.43-57
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• 1983

The purpose of the study, was to investigate Housewives behavior on how to buy refrigerators and how to use them. Besides, their knowledge and keeping ability of electricity and refrigerator is estimated according to regional differences, their ages, their educational courses, and their income. In the report, W e can see if it is related to the years of married life, numbers of the family, having jobs or not, and numbers of marketing a week. The subjects were 675 mothers of the students in the selected schools, at Seoul, Cheongjoo, and Kwesan gun. They answered to the questionnaire devised for the study. their answers were analyzed in percent to grasp their general trend of electricity and electric Appliance. Chi-square test and F-test are chosen to grasp the Cor-relationships between the related variables. The results are as follows: 1) The average rate of possesing the refrigerators is 84.06%. It shows us that the housewives in Seoul possess the more refrigerators than those in other areas. At ages, form 30 to 40 aged women gave the most refrigerators than any other ages women. It reveals us the high income and high educational housewives have high rate of possessing refrigerators. 2) They answered that they purchased the refrigerators by necessity. we can see their motivation of purchasing them is very reasonable. However, we can see that they do not manage the refrigerators well, because the rate of using them during four seasons is only 12.34%, An age of 20year old housewives mostly purchased the refrigerators at the time of marriage. The women who bought them after marriage answered that they mostly took a consultation with their husbands when they bought the refrigerators. They regarded the trade marks of the manufactures and size of the refrigerators, as they bought them. And most of them bought the refrigerators for cash. 3)At homes in Seoul, the kinds of retained foods in the refrigerator are more than those of the house in the city and in the agricultural town. The high income and high educational housewives tend to retain the more kinds of foods. But there are no significant differences between the essential variables such as the numbers of the family, the housewives having jobs or not, and the numbers of marketing. 4)Generally their knowledge on electricity and the refrigerator is very low. However, it shows the statistically significant differences. the housewives in Seoul have more information about refrigerator than the housewives in agricultural town. At ages , the women less than 29 years old have more information about the refrigerator, and the woman who had university education and high income tend to know much about the refrigerator. 5) The keeping ability of the refrigerator is very good, and there are no significant differences among variables. And also it shows that there is no correlationship between their knowledge and their keeping ability.