• Environmental Engineering Research
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.131-137
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• 2005

The catalytic activity of precious metals(Rh, Pd, Pt) and nickel catalysts supported on ${\gamma}-Al_2O_3\;and\;CeO_2$ in the partial combustion of methane(PCM) to syngas was investigated based on the product distribution in a fixed bed now reactor under atmospheric condition and also on analysis results by SEM, XPS, TPD, BET, and XRD. The activity of the catalysts based on the syngas yield increased in the sequence $Rh(5)/CeO_2{\geq}Ni(5)/CeO_2>>Rh(5)/Al_2O_3>Pd(5)/Al_2O_3>Ni(5)/Al_2O_3$. Compared to the precious catalysts, the syngas yield and stability of the $Ni(5)/CeO_2$ catalyst were almost similar to $(5)/CeO_2$ catalyst, and superior to these of any other catalysts. The syngas yield of $Ni(5)/CeO_2$ catalyst was 90.66% at 1023 K. It could be suggested to be the redox cycle of the successive reaction and formation of active site, $Ni^{2-}$ and the lattice oxygen, $O^{2-}$ produced due to reduction of $Ce^{4-}$ to $Ce^{3-}$.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제27권9호
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• pp.1381-1385
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• 2006

Cobalt (cyclam) complex has been successfully immobilized onto SBA-15, and proven to be an active catalyst for the epoxidation of styrene with tert-butyl hydroperoxide as a terminal oxidant. The selectivity for styrene oxide was observed to be up to 66% with 40% styrene conversion after 12h reaction time. The reversible redox cycle between Co(III) and Co(II) couple which was supposed to play key role during the epoxidation reaction was supported by a cyclic voltametry analysis. The textural properties of the catalyst was characterized by XRD, N2 adsorption-desorption, and TEM analysis.

• 한국생물공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국생물공학회 2001년도 추계학술발표대회
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• pp.642-645
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• 2001

Enterococcus faecalis was cultivated under oxidative conditions established by adding some oxidants. FAD and lipoic acid either stimulate the biosynthesis of benzoylformate reductase or stabilize the enzyme, while $MV^{2+}$ enhance the biosynthesis of the oxidoreductase but destabilize it. Since $MV^{2+}$ destabilize the benzoylformate reductase, substituting FAD for $MV^{2+}$ as a redox mediator would be desirable. Production of (R)-(-)-mandelic acid by a coupled reaction between the enzymatic reaction using benzoylformate reductase and the electrocatalytic reduction under the conditions of 1.5 U LiDH $ml^{-1}$, 0.2 mM FAD, and 0.3 mM $NAD^+$ is now performing.

• 한국염색가공학회지
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.1-6
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• 2005

We studied the degree of variety of indigo for the electrochemical redox reaction in addition of reducing agent and the electrokinetic parameters. The electrokinetic parameters such asthe number of electron and the exchange rate constant were obtained by cyclic voltammetry. With increasing scan rate, the reduction currents of indigo were increased and the reduction potentials were shifted to the negative direction. As the results, the reduction processes of the indigo were proceeding to totally irreversible and diffusion controlled reaction. Also, exchange rate constant ($k^0$) and diffusion coefficient ($D_0$) of indigo were decreased by increasing concentration of reducing agent. We found that the less concentration, the more easily diffused and electron transferred and the product was more stable.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제35권11호
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• pp.3143-3155
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• 2014

This tutorial review provides a general account of the electrochemical behavior of quinones and their various applications. Quinone electrochemistry has been investigated for a long time due to its complexity. A simple point of view is developed that considers the relative stability of the reduced quinone species and the values of the first and second reduction potentials. The 9-membered square scheme in buffered aqueous solutions is explained and semiquinone radical stability is discussed in this context. Quinone redox reaction has also been employed in various studies. Diverse examples are presented under three broad categories defined by the roles of quinone: molecular tool for physical chemistry, versatile electron mediator, and charge storage for energy conversion devices.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제35권3호
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• pp.715-720
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• 2014

A Cu(II) complex with an three nitrogens and one sulfur coordination environment was synthesized and characterized. Its redox potential was observed at 0.483 V vs. NHE, very similar to that of a Cu-containing fungal enzyme, galactose oxidase, which catalyzes the oxidation of alcohols to corresponding aldehydes with the concomitant reduction of molecular oxygen to water. The Cu(II) complex selectively oxidizes the benzylic alcohols using TEMPO/$O_2$ under mild reaction conditions to corresponding aldehydes without forming any over-oxidation product. Moreover, the catalyst can be recovered and reused multiple times for further oxidation reactions, thus minimizing the waste generation.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제29권5호
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• pp.1033-1037
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• 2008

A copper cyclam-type complex was successfully immobilized onto mesoporous silica SBA-16. Characterization by NIR spectroscopy and TGA analysis confirmed that copper cyclam complex is immobilized onto mesoporous SBA-16. The Cu(II)-Cyclam-SBA-16 was proven to be a good catalyst for oxidation reaction of cyclohexene with conversion up to 77.8% after 13 h reaction and providing a high selectivity to cyclohexenol and 3-hydroperoxycyclohex-1-ene. The results suggest that the copper species play a major role as catalyst via reversible redox cycles as proven by cyclic voltammetry analysis.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.259-265
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• 1992

Cyclic voltammetric behavior of symmetric (dimethyl, diheptyl, dioctyl, dibenzyl) and asymmetric (methyloctyl, methyldodecyl, methylbenzyl) viologens was investigated in homogeneous aqueous solution and sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) micellar media. In SDS-free 0.1 M NaCl solutions, the reduction potential is less negative as the chain length of alkyl substituent is longer. This is due to the stabilization of the reduced cationic radical and neutral form of viologen by adsorption on electrode surface. The adsorbed species show the "aging-effect". With the exceptions of methyldodecyl viologen and methylbenzyl viologen, the viologens show strong tendency of conproportionation reaction between viologen dications and neutral forms. In cases of methyldodecyl viologen and methylbenzyl viologen, the conproportionation reaction is kinetically disfavored, though it is thermodynamically favorable. SDS micelles dissolve the adsorbed species and the viologens exhibit two reversible redox processes in SDS micellar solutions. The reduction potentials of viologens in SDS micellar solutions depend little on the length of alkyl chain. Benzyl-substituted viologens are more easily reduced than the alkyl substituted viologens, presumably due to electron-withdrawing character of benzyl group.

• 공업화학
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• 제10권4호
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• pp.557-562
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• 1999

압축천연가스 자동차에서 배출되는 메탄의 산화를 위한 Pd 촉매의 특성을 조사하였다. 알루미나에 담지된 Pd 촉매와 La과 Ce의 조촉매가 첨가된 촉매들을 함침법으로 제조하였다. 메탄산화 반응은 U-튜브 흐름 반응기에서 공간속도(GHSV)가 $72000h^{-1}$이고 반응온도가 $200{\sim}800^{\circ}C$ 범위에서 실험을 수행하였다. 촉매는 XRD, XPS, BET 표면적 및 수소화학흡착 실험에 의하여 특성화되었다. $Pd/{\gamma}-Al_2O_3$ 촉매 제조시 전구체로 $Pd(NO_3)_2$를 사용하고 $600^{\circ}C$로 소성하였을 때 $CH_4$ 산화의 활성이 가장 높았다. 소성된 $Pd/{\gamma}-Al_2O_3$ 촉매에서 palladium은 대부분 PdO로 존재하였으며, 이것의 메탄 산화 반응 활성이 환원된 촉매에 대부분 존재하는 Pd 금속 보다 높았다. 넓은 범위의 redox ratio에서 실험을 반복하면 $Pd/{\gamma}-Al_2O_3$ 촉매의 활성이 감소하고 높은 활성을 보이는 window 영역이 좁아지는 특성을 보였다. 조촉매로 Ce가 첨가된 촉매는 오히려 메탄 산화 활성이 감소하였으며, 조촉매로 La 이 첨가된 $Pd/La/{\gamma}-Al_2O_3$ 촉매는 담체와 Palladium의 열적 안정성이 향상되어 $1000^{\circ}C$에서 aging된 후에도 우수한 활성을 보였다. 또한 $Pd/La/{\gamma}-Al_2O_3$ 촉매의 NO에 의한 $CH_4$ 제거 반응 특성에서 산소가 존재하지 않는 경우 redox ratio가 1.2 근처에서 메탄이 모두 제거되었으나 산소가 존재하면 메탄 제거율이 크게 감소하였다.

• 청정기술
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.308-313
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• 2017

본 연구에서는 Graphite Felt (GF) 전극의 표면에 산소와 질소의 도핑을 통하여 전기화학적 특성을 개선하고, 이의 촉매화학적 효과를 바나듐 레독스 흐름전지의 양극과 음극의 특성비교를 통하여 관찰하였다. 탄소전극 표면의 산소와 질소 동시 도핑은 GF 샘플을 773 K에서 암모니아-공기 ($NH_3=50%$, $O_2=10%$) 혼합가스에 노출시켜 Chemical Vapor Deposition (CVD) 방법으로 제조하였다. 이러한 산소-질소 동시 도핑의 전기화학적 효과는 산소만으로 도핑 처리된 GF 샘플과 비교하여 분석, 평가하였다. 탄소전극 샘플들의 표면 구조와 화학적 조성은 Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM)와 X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS) 방법을 통하여 분석하였다. 결과물로 얻어진 탄소전극은 바나듐 레독스-흐름전지의 양극과 음극에 동시 적용하여 충-방전 사이클을 진행하고, 각 전극이 흐름전지의 효율과 양극과 음극에서의 전기화학적 특성에 미치는 효과를 비교하여 분석하였다. 산소와 질소의 동시 도핑으로 처리된 GF 전극은 산소만으로 활성화된 전극에 비하여 흐름전지의 전압 및 에너지 효율에서 2% 이상의 향상 효과를 보여주었다. 특히, 탄소전극 표면의 산소-질소의 동시 도핑은 음극반응에서 우수한 전기화학적 특성을 유도하는 것을 확인하였다.