• Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.223-230
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• 2023

This study attempted to concider the morphological change of red blood cells after whole body irradiation. Blood samples used red blood cells of white mice and mouse after irradiation. Transmission electron microscope observation results, Anisocytosis was observed in red blood cells 20 days after 5 Gy irradiation. Triangle and tetrapod were observed for small red blood cell types. Poikilocytosis, sickle-shaped Drepanocyte, and Acantocyte were observed in general-sized red blood cells. Schizocyte was observed in red blood cells 20 days after 7 Gy irradiation. Scanning electron microscope observation results, Dacryocyte was observed with microcytes. It was also confirmed that red blood cells were get tangled with each other. In addition, polygonal shapes and half-moon shapes were also observed. In conclusion, it is judged that the modified form of pathological study is more important than the numerical change in the study of red blood cells by radiation exposure. In conclusion, it was confirmed that modified morphological studies are more important than numerical changes in the study of red blood cells by radiation exposure.

• Proceedings of the Membrane Society of Korea Conference
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• 2004.05a
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• pp.55-58
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• 2004

Cell separation from peripheral blood was investigated using surface-modified polyurethane (PU) membranes with different functional groups. Both red blood cells and platelets could pass through unmodified PU and PU-SO$_3$H membranes, while the red blood cells preferentially passed through PU-N(C$_2$H$_{5}$ )$_2$ and PU-NHC$_2$H$_4$OH membranes. The permeation ratio of T and B cells was less than 25% for the surface-modified and unmodified PU membranes. CD34$^{+}$ cells have been recognized as various kinds of stem cells including hematopoietic and mesenchymal stem cells. The adhesiveness of CD34$^{+}$ cells on the PU membranes was found to be higher than that of red blood cells, platelets, T cells or B cells. Overall, the adhesiveness of blood cells on the PU membranes increased in the following order: red blood cells $\leq$ platelets ＜ T cells $\leq$ B cells ＜ CD34$^{+}$ cells. Treatment of PU-COOH membranes with a human albumin solution to detach adhered blood cells, allowed recovery of mainly CD34$^{+}$ cells in the permeate, while both red blood cells and platelets could be isolated in the permeate using unmodified PU membranes. The PU membranes showed different permeation and recovery ratios of specific cells depending on the functional groups attached to the membranes.mbranes.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.65-70
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• 1979

Distribution and binding properties of sodium salicylate the human red blood cells were studied under various experimental conditions. The effect of tonicity and hemolysis on the steady state level of the drug within the human red blood cells were accounted for in this study. When the washed cells were suspended in normal saline solution, the drug was so rapidly permeated into red cells. Since the pH of the system forces nearly complete ionization of the drug, ionic diffusion through aqueous pores is thought to be the mode of salicylate transport. Human red cell binding capacity and association constant for salicylate were estimated. This work supports the view that the red cells act asan important reservior of salicylate.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers B
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• v.32 no.11
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• pp.856-862
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• 2008

This paper presents the characterization of a continuous magnetophoretic microseparator for separating white and red blood cells from peripheral whole blood cells based on their native magnetic properties. The magnetophoretic microseparator separated the blood cells using a high gradient magnetic separation (HGMS) method without the use of additives such as magnetic beads or probing materials. Experimental results show that the paramagnetic capture mode microseparator can continuously separate out 93.5% of red blood cells and 97.4% of white blood cells from diluted whole blood, and the diamagnetic capture mode microseparator can continuously separate out 89.7% of red blood cells and 72.7 % of white blood cells by using applying an external magnetic flux of 0.2 T using a permanent magnet.

• Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.131-137
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• 1994

Drug delivery system by the use of red blood cells was established to sustain the release of drugs in the circulatory system by the intravenous injection. The entrapment method by the preswelling technique was re-examined and evaluated for searching the new entrapping conditions without hemolysis. The addition of 4 volume of $0.6{\times}\;hank's$ balanced salt solution (HBSS) into 1 volume of 50% red blood cells suspension did not induce the hemolysis and change the hematocrit level in this experimental condition (within 15 min). Most of daunorubicin could be entrapped into red blood cells within 15 min. While the intracellular adenosine triphosphate (ATP) level followed by the entrapment was reduced to 86% of normal ATP level, the membrane fluidity and the shape factor of red blood cells were not altered. The release rate of daunorubicin from red blood cells was affected by the hemolysis under this condition. To maintain the intracellular ATP in red blood cells, the new reaction buffer was made With the addition of ATP and sodium pyruvate during the entrapment procedure because the hemolysis during the release test would reflect the loss of intracellular ATP that might result in the decrease of the viability in vivo. The addition of ATP raised the intracellular ATP level, which protect the hemolysis during the release test.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.38 no.2
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• pp.273-279
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• 1998

The ability of bovine intact red blood cells to scavenge superoxide and hydrogen peroxide by superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione peroxidase was investigated. Intact red cells(up to 0.4%) suspensions did not inhibit ferricytochrome c reduction by superoxide in the superoxide generating system. On the other hand, intact red cell(0.4%) suspensions almost completely inhibit ferrocytochrome c oxidation by hydrogen peroxide. The ability of intact red cells to scavenge hydrogen peroxide was mainly attributed to either membrane bound catalase or glutathione peroxidase. The scavenge of hydrogen peroxide by 0.1~0.2% intact red cells showed a trend of dependence on mainly glutathione peroxidase. However, at blood cell concentration higher than 0.3%, the process depended upon peroxidase-independent scavengers like catalase. Enhancement of ferrocytochrome c oxidation by red cells treated with aminotriazole proved that the protection against hydrogen peroxide was due to catalase, while the protection in the presence of glutathione indicated scavenging effect of glutathione peroxidase against hydrogen peroxide.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• v.60 no.8
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• pp.20.1-20.4
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• 2018

Platelet rich plasma (PRP) is popularly used in the horse industry to enhance regeneration of tissue injury that has limitation of blood supply. This study aimed to compare the methods for platelet rich plasma preparation since they has not been established yet. Blood was collected from six horses and platelets were concentrated by three different methods (2-step centrifugation, separated centrifugation and separated centrifugation using histopaque). Concentrated blood was analyzed using Advia hematology systems. In the result, separated centrifugation with histopaque showed the significantly lower number of red blood cells than other groups. The 2-step centrifugation showed the significantly higher number of white blood cells than other groups, while it contained the highest concentration of red blood cells among three groups. In the 2-step centrifugation, separated centrifugation and separated centrifugation with histopaque, platelets were concentrated 4.5, 5.3 and 5.6 times, respectively. And no significant difference of the platelet concentration between the three groups was found. This study demonstrated that separated centrifugation using histopaque was the best method for platelet rich plasma preparation because of the proper amount of platelets and the separation of red blood cells from platelet rich plasma.

• Journal of the Korean Magnetics Society
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.28-33
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• 2014

The change of rouleau formation of red blood cells in the hand stimulated by pulse magnetic field having a maximum intensity of 0.27 Tesla and pulse duration of 0.102 msec was investigated. Before pulse magnetic field stimulus, the red blood cells of test subject were adjoined over ten and the flow of cells was slowed. However after the stimulus in the hand during 10 minutes, the red blood cells adjoined over tens was spreaded out each other and its motion was fast. Also the red blood cells of left hand unstimulated by pulse magnetic field were spreaded out each other, even though the right hand was stimulated during 10 minute. It prove that the rouleau formation of red blood cells can be improve in the whole body in spite of stimulus in the hand because the blood is flowing a whole body.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.15-26
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• 1990

Hemoglobin was purified from the outdated human red blood cells. Phospholipids were purified from egg yolk and stored in chloroform. The artificial red blood cells (hemosome) were prepared by encapsulation of hemoglobin with phospholipid mutilayer using rotary vacuum evaporator. The shape and size of hemosomes were measured by phase contrast microscope and image analyzer. The function of hemosomes was tested by measuring oxygen dissociation curve using blood gas analyzer. In order to test whether hemosomes are useful as blood substitute they were infused into rats of which one third of total blood were drawn. The results obtained are summarized at followings. 1) Hemosomes were spherical shape and their mean diameter was 0.7 um. 2) Oxygen dissociation curve of hemosomes showed the same figure as that of normal red blood cells. 3) All rats given 1/3 transfusion with hemosomes survived until sacrificed whereas three of four rats given 1/3 transfusion with saline died within 1 hour and the rest of them died within 24 hours.

• The Korean Journal of Nuclear Medicine
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.1-19
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• 1967

The effects of X-ray irradiation and the thyroid gland on the erythropoietic system were studied in the white male rabbits. The total body irradiation was done in doses of 250 r and 500 r to each of 5 rabbits for 10days. The factors were 220KV, 10mA, FLI/4 Cu+1 mmAI(HVL:2.0 mm Cu) 50 cm F.S.D. The thyroid dysfunction was experimentally induced, by giving 2mg of thyroid tablets per kg body weight for 15 days in 5 rabbits for hyperthyroidism and by giving 1.5 mC of $^{131}I$ per kg body weight in another 5 rabbits for hypothyroidism. Fourteen healthy rabbits were used as control. The hematologic changes and ferrokinetic data obtained from $^{59}Fe$ and apparent half survival of the red blood cells obtained from $^{51}Cr$ were compared. Following were the results: A. X-ray irradiated group; 1. There were no significant changes in hematologic findings except for leucopenia. A slight decrease of red blood cells was observed in 500 r irradiated animals. 2. The decreases in the iron turnover rates of the plasma and red blood cells as well as in the red cell renewal rate were found in both groups. A :significant decrease of the red cell iron utilization rate was observed in the 500 r irradiated animals. 3. The apparent half survival times of the red blood cells were slightly, in the 250 r ($12.1{\pm}0.80$ days), and markedly shortened in the 500 r irradiated animals ($9.8{\pm}1.38$ days), the normal being $14.0{\pm}1.6$ days. 4. It appears, therefore, that the anemia caused by X-ray irradiation is due to the inhibition of hemopoietic function and the excess destruction of the red blood cells. B. Thyroid dysfunction group; 1. The slight increases of the red blood cell count and circulating blood volume with the normal serum iron level were observed in the hyperthyroid group, while the decreases of the red and white blood cell counts, hemoglobin and hematocrit values with a marked decrease of the serum iron level in the hypothyroid group. 2. A marked decrease of the plasma iron disappearance rate with increases of plasma iron turnover, red cell iron utilization and red cell iron turnover were observed in the hyperthyroid group, while the marked delay and decreases in the hypothyroid group. 3. The apparent half survival times of the red blood cells were almost the same with the control in the hyperthyroid group, ($14.0{\pm}1.58$ while a marked shortening in the hypothyroid group $10.6{\pm}0.30$. 4. It was reconfirmed that the thyroid hormones bear a close relationship with the erythropoietic system, namely, the latter is stimulated by the former. The lack of the thyroid hormones thus induces the bone marrow depression leading to anemia the major cause of which, therefore, is not hemolysis.