• Title/Summary/Keyword: red alga

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Tropical red alga Compsopogon caeruleus: an indicator of thermally polluted waters of Europe in the context of temperature and oxygen requirements

  • Andrzej S., Rybak;Andrzej M., Woyda-Ploszczyca
    • ALGAE
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    • v.37 no.4
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    • pp.301-316
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    • 2022
  • The red alga Compsopogon caeruleus can generally be found in tropical and subtropical waters worldwide. In addition to its natural habitats, this species may be found in waters that receive abnormally hot water, e.g., from powerhouses. To date, the presence of C. caeruleus has not been observed in thermally polluted lacustrine ecosystems in Poland, which has a moderate climate. The thalli of this red alga were found growing on Vallisneria spiralis in Lichenskie Lake. Importantly, this paper presents a previously unknown relationship between the temperature (20, 25, 30, 35, and 40℃) and oxygen requirements of C. caeruleus (based on ex situ measurements of O2 consumption by thalli). Surprisingly, 35℃ can be the optimum temperature for C. caeruleus, and this temperature is higher than the values reported by some previous thermal analyses by approximately 10℃. Additionally, we reviewed and mapped the distribution of this nonnative and mesophilic red alga in natural / seminatural water ecosystems in Europe. Finally, we propose that the occurrence of C. caeruleus mature thalli can be a novel, simple and easy-to-recognize bioindicator of artificially and permanently heated waters in moderate climate zones by a regular discharge of postindustrial water.

New record of Chondrus retortus (Gigartinales, Rhodophyta) in Korea

  • Kang, Pil Joon;An, Jae Woo;Nam, Ki Wan
    • Korean Journal of Environmental Biology
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    • v.38 no.3
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    • pp.481-485
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    • 2020
  • A marine red algal species was collected from Honghyeon-ri, Namhae located on the southern coast of Korea during a survey of marine algal flora. This alga shares the generic features of Chondrus, and is characterized by short and thin, canaliculated and crisped fronds as C. retortus. Tetrasporangia are developed from shallow medullary cells on both sides of branches. In a phylogenetic tree based on rbcL sequences, the Korean alga nests in the same clade as C. retortus originally described from Japan. The genetic distance between both sequences within the clade was calculated as 0.0-0.1%. Based on the morphological and molecular data, the alga is identified as Chondrus retortus. This is the first record of C. retortus in Korean marine algal flora.

New record of Callophyllis mageshimensis (Gigartinales, Kallymeniaceae) in Korea

  • Kang, Pil Joon;An, Jae Woo;Nam, Ki Wan
    • Korean Journal of Environmental Biology
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    • v.38 no.4
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    • pp.611-615
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    • 2020
  • A marine red algal species was collected from Pyengdae-ri, Gujwa in Jeju, Korea during a survey of marine algal flora. This alga shares the generic features of Callophyllis(Gigartinales, Kallymeniaceae), and is characterized by erect and membranous thalli, branches dichotomously or trichotomoulsy divided, margin somewhat undulate or entire and tetrasporangia scattered irregularly in the cortex. In a phylogenetic tree based on rbc L sequences, the Korean alga nests in the same clade as C. mageshimensis originally described from Japan. The genetic distance between both sequences within the clade was 0.0-0.1%. Based on the morphological and molecular data, the alga was identified as Callophyllis mageshimensis. This is the first record of C. mageshimensis in Korean marine algal flora.

The in vitro antioxidant activities of the bromophenols from the red alga Tichocarpus crinitus and phenolic derivatives

  • Lee, Ji-Hye;Lee, Taek-Kyun;Kang, Rae-Seon;Shin, Hee-Jae;Lee, Hyi-Seung
    • Journal of the Korean Magnetic Resonance Society
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    • v.11 no.1
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    • pp.56-63
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    • 2007
  • A series of bromophenols and corresponding debrominated phenolic compounds was prepared by isolation from red alga Tichocarpus crinitus and by structural modification of natural bromophenols. Their structures were determined by extensive NMR analysis and the antioxidant activities were established through the determination of their abilities to inhibit free radicals using DPPH as the stable radical. The most active free radical scavengers were the debrominated phenolic derivatives 3,4-dihydroxybenzyl alcohol and 3,3',4,4'-tetrahydroxydiphenylmethane.

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Structure of Floridoside, a Glycerol Glycoside from the Marine Red Alga Gracilaria verrucosa (홍조 꼬시래기(Gracilaria verrucosa) 유래의 글리세로당 Floridoside의 화학구조)

  • Roh, Yeon-Suk;Son, Byeng-Wha;Im, Kwang-Sik;Choi, Hong-Dae
    • Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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    • v.25 no.2
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    • pp.117-120
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    • 1994
  • As part of search for new biologically active substances from marine organism, we have isolated a glyecrol glycoside from the marine red alga Gracilaria verrucosa. The structure of the glycerol glycoside was elucidated as 2-O-${\alpha}-_D$-galactopyranosylglycerol[floridoside(4)] on the basis of spectroscopic and physicochemical evidences.

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Plocamium serrulatum(Plocamiaceae), a red algal species newly recorded in Korea

  • Kang, Pil Joon;An, Jae Woo;Nam, Ki Wan
    • Korean Journal of Environmental Biology
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    • v.38 no.3
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    • pp.476-480
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    • 2020
  • A marine red algal species was collected from Uljin, located on the eastern coast of Korea, during a survey of marine algal flora. This alga shares the generic features of Plocamium, and is characterized by linear, flat and thin thalli with narrow axes, branches developing in alternating pairs from margins of the axes, two to four times alternately pinnately branching, linear or occasionally adaxially curved lowermost branchlets and distinctly and compactly clustered stichidia. In a phylogenetic tree based on rbcL sequences, the Korean alga nests in the same clade as P. serrulatum. The genetic distance between both sequences within the clade was calculated as 0.0-0.2%. Based on the morphological and molecular data, this Korean species is identified as P. serrulatum described originally from Taiwan. This is the first record of P. serrulatum in Korean marine algal flora.

A new record of epiphytic red alga Madagascaria erythrocladioides (Erythropeltidales, Rhodophyta) in Korea

  • Wen, Xianying;Lee, Ji Woong;Shim, Eunyoung;Kim, Gwang Hoon
    • Korean Journal of Environmental Biology
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    • v.39 no.3
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    • pp.383-389
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    • 2021
  • The Erythropeltidales are a common group of small, mostly epiphytic, marine red algae. However, they are little known in Korea. Many of the described species of Erythropeltidales differ subtly in morphology, and often the morphological differences are due to the substrate or environmental changes. Integration of molecular data with standardized culture conditions has been recommended to account for these algae. A Madagascaria species was first collected from the western coast of Korea and was identified as Madagascaria erythrocladioides based on the morphological and molecular characteristics. Morphological characteristics conformed well with its original description, and the phylogenetic analysis based on rbcL sequence showed Korean M. erythrocladioides nests in the same clade with the original species described in Japan with a genetic distance of 0.0-0.1%. This species was isolated from a red alga, Pterocladiella capillacea, in laboratory culture. The thallus ontogeny and host preference were examined by a co-culture with 13 different species of algae. Results showed a relatively broad host preference in mono-spore attachment and epiphyte development of Madagascaria erythrocladioides. Mono-spores of M. erythrocladioides attached to most of the red algal hosts' surfaces but no crustose thalli developed on some of the algal hosts even after one month of co-culture.

Three Antioxidant Compounds of the Red Alga Liagora farinosa

  • Hannoda, Hala M.;Badr, Jihan M.;Yousef, Diaa T.A.
    • Natural Product Sciences
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    • v.13 no.2
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    • pp.140-143
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    • 2007
  • Investigation of the chloroform soluble fraction of the red alga Liagora farinosa, collected from Hurghada at the Red Sea resulted in the isolation of three compounds; a nucleoside (thymidine) and two glycosides (methyl-${\beta}$-D-xylopyranoside and glycerol-2-${\alpha}$-D-glucopyranoside). The structures of the isolated compounds were established on the basis of different spectroscopic techniques as well as comparison with the previously published data. This is the first report for the isolation of the three compounds fron red algae; moreover, the compounds were examined for their antioxidant activity and showed variable activity.

Summer Algal Flora of Gojeong-Ri, West Coast of Korea (충남 고정리의 하계 해조상)

  • 유순애
    • Journal of Plant Biology
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    • v.22 no.4
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    • pp.135-140
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    • 1979
  • The marine benthic algae of Gojeong-Ri was investigated in a floristic aspect. As a result, 34 species, 7 blue-green, 14 red, 6 brown and 7 green algae were identified as a summer flora from the area. Among them, Sirocoleum kurzii (blue-green alga), Ralfsia clavata (brown alga), Pseudulvella consociata and Cladophora speciosa (green algae) were known as new records to Korea.

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Artificial Reestablishment of the Kelp and Red Algal Symbiosis

  • Kwang Young Kim;David J. Garbary
    • Animal cells and systems
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    • v.3 no.3
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    • pp.243-246
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    • 1999
  • A type of symbiosis was previously described from nature in which the gametophytes of Laminariales were endophytic in filamentous red algae. Here we reconstruct this symbiosis for the first time in laboratory culture using zoospores of the kelp, Undaria pinnatifida, and the red alga, Aglaothamnion oosumiense. Zoospores of U. pinnatifida readily attached to A. oosumiense. In 48 h these spores germinated and the initial germ tube penetrated into the host cell wall leaving only an empty zoospore wall outside the host. Within ten days, four to five-celled endophytic gametophytes were present. Zoospores of Laminaria religiosa which were also inoculated into cultures of A. oosumiense rarely attached to the red alga and never became endophytic. Within ten days the free-living gametophytes of L. religiosa on cover slips became fertile and produced young sporophytes. These observations demonstrate the ability of U. pinnatifida to become endophytic, and show differences in host specificity among kelp species.

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