• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제16권9호
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• pp.3861-3866
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• 2015

Background: The aim of this study was to analyze the patterns of relapse and survival outcomes in Northern Thai women with recurrent endometrial cancer (EC). Materials and Methods: Medical records were abstracted from EC patients who underwent primary surgery from 1999 to 2012. Data on clinicopathologic variables, sites of first recurrence, time to relapse of disease, and overall survival (OS) was analyzed. Associations between the clinicopathological variables and the rates of disease recurrence were determined. Results: Among 1,204 reviewed records, 42 eligible patients were identified with recurrent disease. The median age was 55 years and the median follow-up time was 26.0 months. The median times to recurrence (TTR) after completion of the initial treatment in the group of local relapse (LR) and distant/combined sites of recurrence (DCSR) was 6.6 (95% CI=4.6 to 8.6 months) and 16.9 months (95% CI=5.6 to 28.2 months), respectively (p=0.36). The 2-year survival and 3-year survival probability in the group of LR was 54.2% (95% CI=27.2 to 81.3%) and 34.7% (95% CI=9.2 to 60.2%), compared to 50.4% (95% CI=41.1 to 59.7%) and 42.1% (95%CI= 24.1 to 60.1%) for those with DCSR. Distant recurrence was the most frequent pattern of relapse. Overall survival was not significantly different in patients with local relapse when compared to those with DCSR (p=0.69). Conclusions: Patients with recurrence of EC after primary treatment had a worse prognosis and clinical aggressiveness. LR and DCSR occurred most during the first three years. The common sites of relapses were vaginal cuff, pelvis, and lungs. No significant clinicopathological predictor for survival outcomes was identified.

• 정보처리학회논문지:소프트웨어 및 데이터공학
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• 제11권5호
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• pp.197-202
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• 2022

IoT (Internet of Things) 장치는 취약한 아이디/비밀번호 사용, 인증되지 않은 펌웨어 업데이트 등 많은 보안 취약점을 보여 악성코드의 공격 대상이 되고 있다. 그러나 CPU 구조의 다양성으로 인해 악성코드 분석 환경 설정과 특징 설계에 어려움이 있다. 본 논문에서는 CPU 구조와 독립된 악성코드의 특징 표현을 위해 실행 파일의 바이트 순서를 이용한 시계열 특징을 설계하고 순환 신경망을 통해 분석한다. 제안하는 특징은 바이트 순서의 부분 엔트로피 계산과 선형 보간을 통한 고정 길이의 시계열 패턴이다. 추출된 특징의 시계열 변화는 RNN과 LSTM으로 학습시켜 분석한다. 실험에서 IoT 악성코드 탐지는 높은 성능을 보였지만, 패밀리 분류는 비교적 성능이 낮았다. 악성코드 패밀리별 엔트로피 패턴을 시각화하여 비교했을 때 Tsunami와 Gafgyt 패밀리가 유사한 패턴을 나타내 분류 성능이 낮아진 것으로 분석되었다. 제안된 악성코드 특징의 데이터 간 시계열 변화 학습에 RNN보다 LSTM이 더 적합하다.

• 한국정보처리학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정보처리학회 2001년도 추계학술발표논문집 (상)
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• pp.535-538
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• 2001

Since 1990s, many literatures have shown that connectionist models, such as back propagation, recurrent network, and RBF (Radial Basis Function) outperform the traditional models, MA (Moving Average), AR (Auto Regressive), and ARIMA (Auto Regressive Integrated Moving Average) in time series prediction. Neural based approaches to time series prediction require the enough length of historical measurements to generate the enough number of training patterns. The more training patterns, the better the generalization of MLP is. The researches about the schemes of generating artificial training patterns and adding to the original ones have been progressed and gave me the motivation of developing VTG schemes in 1996. Virtual term is an estimated measurement, X(t+0.5) between X(t) and X(t+1), while the given measurements in the series are called actual terms. VTG (Virtual Tern Generation) is the process of estimating of X(t+0.5), and VTG schemes are the techniques for the estimation of virtual terms. In this paper, the alternative VTG schemes to the VTG schemes proposed in 1996 will be proposed and applied to multivariate time series prediction. The VTG schemes proposed in 1996 are called deterministic VTG schemes, while the alternative ones are called stochastic VTG schemes in this paper.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제39권2호
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• pp.144-147
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• 2006

Rhabdoid meningioma is an uncommon meningioma variant, which was initially described in 1998 by Perry et al. It is classified as a variant corresponding to grade III in the recent World Health Organization[WHO] classification of tumors of the nervous system, because of its unique histopathological features and its highly aggressive clinical course. To date there were still a lot of arguments about their developmental patterns and the treatment strategy especially for rhabdoid meningiomas lacking other histological features of malignancy. Although the exact causes of rhabdoid transformation of a benign meningioma are unknown, malignant transformation long duration after surgical resection under an underlying predilection for malignancy is suggested in our case. And we suggest that any histological rhabdoid features in recurrent meningiomas or even in primary cases seem to indicate the malignant clinical course and the need for aggressive treatments, because transformation from a benign or atypical one to a malignant one seems to occur at last.

• 대한두경부종양학회지
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.27-30
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• 2012

Basaloid squamous cell carcinoma(BSCC) is a high-grade variant of squamous cell carcinoma, with a prediction for multifocal involvement of the base of tongue, pyriform sinus, supraglottic larynx, hypopharynx and palatine tonsil. It primary affects men in the seventh decade of life with frequent cervical lymph-node metastasis at presentation. Grossly, these tumors are usually firm to hard, with associated central necrosis, occuring as exophytic to nodular masses. Histologically, the this infiltrating tumor offers a variety of growth patterns, including solid, lobular, cribriform, cords, trabeculae, nests and glands or cyst. We present a 55-year-old female who was treated with surgical excision and radiotherapy. She was firstly presented as a recurrent inflammatory neck mass and finally diagnosed with basaloid squamous cell carcinoma in the palatine tonsil.

• 여성건강간호학회지
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.145-153
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• 2022

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the influencing factors of breast cancer recurrence by comparing the risk factors and lifestyle patterns related to breast cancer in Korean women with and without recurrence. Methods: This cross-sectional survey comprised 241 Korean women diagnosed with breast cancer who had received follow-up treatment. Participants were recruited from a university hospital in Seoul and an online social media platform for breast cancer patients. Data were collected either via online or a paper survey, using a structured questionnaire that included general and disease-related characteristics and lifestyle behaviors. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, univariate analysis, and logistic regression. Results: Recurrence of breast cancer was influenced by four factors; childbirth experience, consumption of green/yellow vegetables, drinking behavior, and recovery from fatigue after sleep. Prevalence of recurrent breast cancer was associated with no childbirth experience (OR=2.29, p=.010), fewer green/yellow vegetables (OR=0.71, p=.008), drinking behavior (OR=0.24, p=.001), and a lower level of recovery from fatigue after sleep (OR=0.51, p<.001). Conclusion: Aside from having experienced childbirth, this study identified several modifiable factors that influence breast cancer recurrence. Increasing green/ yellow vegetable intake, alleviating fatigue, and reducing alcohol intake are important. Intervention strategies in clinical research and practice can be applied to address risk factors and reduce the prevalence of recurrent breast cancer.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제15권19호
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• pp.8259-8263
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• 2014

Aims: To determine the clinical characteristics, pathological features, local and distant failure patterns in patients with carcinoma of major salivary glands treated with surgery and postoperative radiotherapy (PORT). Materials and Methods: We retrospectively reviewed 106 cases of major salivary gland tumor seen at our centre (1998-2008). Sixty five cases of major salivary gland carcinoma were selected for analysis (exclusions: benign, palliative, non-carcinomas). The patient population treated by surgery and PORT was divided into two groups: 1) Patients who underwent surgery and immediate PORT (Primary PORT); 2) Patients with recurrent carcinoma who underwent at least two surgeries and received PORT in the immediate post-operative period of the last performed surgery (Recurrent PORT). Recurrence free survival (RFS) was assessed using the Kaplan-Meier method. Results: Median age was 35 years with a male: female ratio of 1.3:1. The majority of cancers were located in the parotid gland (86.2%) and the most common histology was mucoepidermoid carcinoma (43%). Thirty nine cases (60%) were primary while 26 (40%) were recurrent. Optimal surgery was performed in 59/65 patients (90.8%). 43 patients (66.2%) underwent neck dissection, of which 14 (32.5%) had nodal metastasis. Overall, 61 (93.8%) patients complied with the prescribed radiotherapy. Median dose of PORT was 60 Gy. Median follow-up was 13.1 months (range 2-70). Relapse free survival was 50.4% at 60 months. Some 12 cases (18.5%) recurred with a median time to recurrence of 16.9 months. Conclusions: Surgery and PORT is an effective treatment for major salivary gland carcinoma with over 90% compliance and <20% recurrence. Early treatment with postoperative radiotherapy may increase the survival rate in major salivary gland carcinoma patients.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제16권10호
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• pp.4393-4399
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• 2015

Background: To explore the independent prognostic factors for the recurrence/metastasis of patients with locoregionally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma (LANPC). Materials and Methods: A total of 604 patients initially diagnosed as LANPC by pathohistology in Fujian Provincial Cancer Hospital were selected to analyze the relationship between the clinical pathological patterns, therapeutic protocols and clinical stages with the recurrence/metastasis of LANPC. Results: The 1-, 3- and 5-year locoregionally recurrent rates of LANPC patients were 2.0%, 9.5% and 12.9% respectively, with average recurrent period being 78 months. Univariate analysis results indicated that clinical stages had certain influence on the recurrent period of LANPC patients. However, COX regression models showed that ages, genders and clinical stages were not the independent prognostic factors influencing the recurrence. The 1-, 3- and 5-year metastatic rates of LANPC patients were 6.6%, 17.5% and 18.8% respectively, with average metastatic period of 73 months. Univariate analysis results demonstrated that ages, N stages, clinical stages, locations of lymph node, retropharyngeal lymph node and extracapsular invasion of lymph node had certain influence on the metastatic period of LANPC patients. Additionally, further COX regression analysis results suggested that T stages, reduction protocols and extracapsular invasion of lymph node were the independent prognostic factors influencing the metastasis of patients with LANPC, in which T stages and extracapsular invasion of lymph node were the pestilent factors while reduction protocols the protective factor. Conclusions: Induction chemotherapy is beneficial to LANPC patients with initial treatment, and the metastatic rate decreases greatly after the application of reduction chemotherapy.

• Pediatric Infection and Vaccine
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.107-112
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• 2018

포도알균은 피부 및 연조직 감염과 관련된 병원체로 재발 감염의 위험이 높다. 저자들은 국내에서 Panton-Valentine leukocidin (PVL) 양성 메티실린 감수성 포도알균 ST1에 의한 가족 내 재발성 종기를 경험하였으며, 16개월의 남자 환아와 아버지, 어머니의 종기에서 획득한 검체는 모두 동일한 항생제 감수성을 보였다. 세 환자의 균주 모두 agr 그룹으로 확인되었고, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) 검사에서 sec, seh가 확인되었으며 PVL 유전자를 포함하고 있었다. 가족 내 신체 접촉으로 인한 포도알균의 전파 가능성 및 예방에 대한 고려를 해 볼 필요가 있다.

• Radiation Oncology Journal
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.143-148
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• 2003

목적: 자궁경부암으로 진단을 받고 수술단독 치료만 시행 받은 후 재발암에서 방사선치료를 시행하고 생존율 및 실패양상을 알아보고자 하였다. 대상 및 방법: 1990년 1월부터 1999년 12월까지 계명대학교 동산의료원 방사선종양학과에선 초기(I, IIa) 자궁경부암으로 진단을 받고 수술 후 재발하여 방사선치료를 받은 환자 27명을 대상으로 하였다. 연령분포는 31세에서 70세로 평균 48세이며 수술 당시 병기 1기가 20명, 2기가 7명이었고 23명이 편평상피암이었고 4명은 선암이었다. 수술 후 재발까지의 기간은 2개월에서 90개월로 평균 29개월이었다. 재발부위로는 질 부위가 14명, 골반강이 9명, 복합재발이 4명이었다. 수술은 25명에서 전자궁적출술과 골반내림프절절제술을 시행하였으며 2명은 전자궁적출술만을 시행하였다. 방사선치료는 13명에서는 외부방사선치료만을 받았고 13명에서는 외부방사선치료와 질강내방사선 치료를 받았으며 1명은 질강내방사선치료만을 받았다. 방사선치료 후 추적관찰기간은 6개월에서 128개월로 중앙값 55개월이었다. 결과: 전체 환자의 5년 생존율과 5년 무병생존율은 각각 71.9$\%$, 68.2$\%$이었다. 재발부위에 따른 생존율의 차이가 통계적으로 유의하지는 않았으나 질 부위에만 재발하여 방사선치료를 받은 환자에서 가장 높은 5년 무병생존율을 나타내었다(5년 무병생존율, 질 부위에만 재발한 환자는 85.7$\%$, 질 부위를 제외한 골반부위에 재발한 환자 53.3$\%$, p=0.09). 재발시기에 따른 생존율의 차이는 보이지 않았다. 실패양상으로는 질 부위에만 재발하여 방사선치료를 받은 환자들에서 7$\%$의 국소재발만 있었고 골반강내에 재발하여 방사선치료를 받은 환자들은 국소재발이 주된 실패이었고 골반과 복벽, 복막 등에 같이 재발되었던 환자들은 방사선치료 후 원격전이가 주된 실패이었다. 방사선치료 후 3도 이상의 부작용은 없었다. 결론: 이상으로 볼 때, 초기 자궁경부암에서 수술단독치료 후 재발암에서는 방사선치료는 효과적이고 안전한 치료법이라고 생각되며 특히 수술 후 질 부위에만 재발한 경우에는 외부방사선치료와 질강내방사선치료로 좋은 생존율을 기대할 수 있겠다.