• Title/Summary/Keyword: rectangular pattern

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Design and Manufacture of Triple-Band Antennas with Two Branch Line and a Vertical Line for WLAN/WiMAX system applications (2개 분기선로와 수직 선로를 갖는 WLAN/WiMAX 시스템에 적용 가능한 삼중대역 안테나 설계 및 제작)

  • Choi, Tae-Il;Yoon, Joong-Han
    • Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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    • v.23 no.6
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    • pp.740-747
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    • 2019
  • In this paper, an antenna applicable to WLAN and WiMAX frequency bands is designed, fabricated, and measured. The proposed antenna is designed to have two branch strip line in the patch plane and a rectangular slit in the ground plane based on microstrip feeding for triple band characteristics and added a vertical strip in the ground plane to enhance impedance bandwidth characteristics. The proposed antenna is designed on a substrate with a relative permittivity of 4.4, a thickness of 1.0 mm, and has a size of $18.0mm(W1){\times}37.3mm$ (L4+L5+L7). From the fabricated and measured results, impedance bandwidths of 480 MHz (2.32 to 2.80 GHz) for 2.4/2.5 GHz band, 810 MHz (3.22 to 4.03 GHz) for 3.5 GHz band, and 1,820 MHz (5.05 to 6.87 GHz) for 5.0 GHz band were obtained based on the impedance bandwidth. Measured 3D pattern and gains are displayed.

Types of perception on the body shape of the middle aged men

  • Cha, Su-Joung
    • Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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    • v.24 no.4
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    • pp.137-144
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    • 2019
  • The purpose of this study was to provide basic data for the development of a prototype of a garment that allows middle aged men to look idealized by examining the type of perception of middle aged men based on their subjective evaluation and their characteristics. This study used the Q methodology, which is a subjective research method that finds correlations among middle aged men across subjective attributes. The types of perception of body shape of middle aged men were analyzed as three types: leaning forward shape with bird legs, developed upper body shape with thick legs, protruding abdomen obesity body shape. The leaning forward shape with bird legs was recognized as the lowest in the BMI index, and the shoulder and chest were sagging, legs were thinner than the body and leaned forward. And that the hip were protruding and had a flat rectangular shape. Developed upper body shape with thick legs was the second overweight type of BMI index. It was recognized that the ankle and calf thighs were thick and the upper abdomen protruded upper body development body. Protruding abdomen obesity body shape was the most obese type with BMI index. In this type, the height was the smallest, and the upper abdomen came out and the abdomen protruded, and the abdomen was more exuded than the chest, and the neck was thick and the hips were recognized as the big body. The middle aged men's recognitive body shape was classified as a similar to actual body shape. However, in the recognition type, the frontal and side body types were mixed and classified. It is necessary to study the ergonomic pattern considering the features of each body type. This suggests that psychological effects can be obtained that allow the body shape that changes with age to be accepted more positively.

Adsorption of Cesium and Strontium Ions in Aqueous Phase Using Porous Metal Organic Frameworks Connected with Functional Group (작용기 적용 다공성 금속 유기골격체를 이용한 수중 세슘 및 스트론튬 이온의 흡착 제거)

  • Lee, Joon Yeob;Choi, Jeong-Hak
    • Journal of Environmental Science International
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    • v.30 no.1
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    • pp.97-108
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    • 2021
  • In the current study, MIL-101(Cr)-SO3H[HCl] as metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) was fabricated via a hydrothermal method. The physicochemical properties of the synthesized material were characterized using XRD, FT-IR, FE-SEM, TEM, and BET surface area analysis. The XRD diffraction pattern of the prepared MIL-101(Cr)-SO3H[HCl] was similar to previously reported patterns of MIL-101(Cr) type materials, indicating successful synthesis of MIL-101(Cr)-SO3H[HCl]. The FT-IR spectrum revealed the molecular structure and functional groups of the synthesized MIL-101(Cr)-SO3H[HCl]. FE-SEM and TEM images indicated the formation of rectangular parallelopiped structures in the prepared MIL-101(Cr)-SO3H[HCl]. Furthermore, the EDS spectrum showed that the synthesized material consisted of the elements of Cr, O, S, and C. The fabricated MIL-101(Cr)-SO3H[HCl] was then employed as an adsorbent for the removal of Sr2+ and Cs+ from aqueous solutions. The adsorption kinetics and adsorption isotherm models were studied in detail. The maximum adsorption capacities of MIL-101(Cr)-SO3H[HCl] for Sr2+ and Cs+ according to pH (3, 5.3~5.8, 10) were 35.05, 43.35, and 79.72 mg/g and 78.58, 74.58, and 169.74 mg/g, respectively. These results demonstrate the potential of the synthesized MOFs, which can be effectively applied as an adsorbent for the removal of Sr2+ and Cs+ ions from aqueous solutions and other diverse applications.

Temporal Pattern of Within-harborage Time and Visiting Frequency in Two Strains of the german Cockroach, Blatella germanica, in Semi-natural Conditions (반자연적인 조건에서 두 계통 바퀴(Blattella germanica)의 휴식처 체제 시간 및 방문빈도에 대한 시간적 유형)

  • ;;Mary H. Ross
    • Korean journal of applied entomology
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    • v.36 no.4
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    • pp.299-310
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    • 1997
  • A mutant, or(orange body), and the KNIH(Korea National Institute of Health) strain of the German cockroach, Blattella germanica(L.) (Orthoptera: Blattellidae), were observed continuously in semi-natural conditions through video taping and data processing by computers. Male adults were individually observed for 4-5 days in a rectangular-shaped rearing cage with four different microhabitats, allowing observations of behavior such as resting, feeding, drinking and communicating with other individuals. The frequencies of visits to and times spent within harborage were determined. Although there were relatively large variations among individuals, the average stays withing harborage ranged from 47-61% of the total observation time. The duration of within-harborage time was significantly different between maternal origins, while not distinctively different between the strains. Diel differences were observed in body strains. The time spent within harborage was longer in photophase than in scotophase. visiting frequency, which represented local activity around harborage, appeared slightly higher in the or strain than in the KNIH strain, and was significant in the or strain while it was not significant in the KNIH strain. Although there were variations among individuals, similar temporal patterns in some progenies from the same maternal origins were observed in time spent within harborage and in visiting frequency.

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CONFUTER-AIDED CASTING DESIGN FOR IMPLANT TITANIUM SUPERSTRUCTURES (컴퓨터 시뮬레이션을 이용한 임플란트 상부 티타늄 구조물의 주조방안)

  • Oh Se-Wook;Lee Ho-Yong;Lee Keun-Woo;Shim Jun-Sung
    • The Journal of Korean Academy of Prosthodontics
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    • v.41 no.4
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    • pp.421-439
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    • 2003
  • Statement of problem : It is difficult to obtain a good titanium casting body using the traditional sprue design because of high melting point of Ti, and the low fluidity and high reactivity of molten Ti. Purpose : A new sprue design for titanium casting bodies needs more trial and error. In order to decrease the number of trial and error, computer simulation(MAGMASOFT, Magmasoft Giessereitechnologie GmbH, Achen, Germany) was used to optimize sprue design in U-shaped implant superstructures. Material and method : Five kinds of sprue were examined for the design of the sprue former for titanium casting: Sprue design A(sprue length 4 mm, rectangular shape, 4 sprues), Sprue design B(sprue length 4 mm. round shape. radius 2 mm, 7 sprues), Sprue design C (sprue length 2 mm, round shape, radius 2 mm, 7 sprues). Sprue design D (sprue length 2 mm, cone shape, large radius 3mm. small radius 2mm, 7 sprues), and Sprue design E( sprue length 2 mm. one unit channel shape). Sprue design F(sprue length 2mm, one unit channel shape) was also examined for the design of the customized sprue former in the Biotan system(Schutz Dental Gmbh, Germany). The casting bodies were taken in Sprue design A, Sprue design D, Sprue design E, and Sprue design F in the Biotan casting system. The numerically predicted defects were compared with the experimental dental castings by the radiographic and sectional view observations. Results : 1. According to the result of computer simulation, turbulence during mold filling was decreased in the sequence of Sprue design F, Sprue design E, Sprue design D, Sprue design C, Sprue design B, and Sprue design A. 2. The calculated solidification time contours indicate that hot spot was moved from the casting body to the sprue button in the sequence of Sprue design A, Sprue design B, Sprue design C, Sprue design D, and Sprue design E. The filling pattern of Sprue design F was similar to that of Sprue design E. 3 The predicted filling pattern shows that less turbulence was found in the customized sprue former than in the standard sprue former. 4. According to the results of the radiographic and cross sectional observations, casting defects less than 1mm were found at the center of a casting body with Sprue design E and Sprue design F. However, larger casting defects of 4mm were found in a casting with Sprue design A. 5. The predicted casting porosity was similar to that of the real casting. Conclusion : One unit channel-type and customized sprue former can be recommended. Further research and developement of various sprue designs using computer simulation in necessary to optimize casting design, in order to reduce the formation of casting defects in implant titanuim super-structures.

CPW-fed Compact Slot Antenna Matched by T-shaped Stub (T형 스터브로 정합된 CPW급전 소형 슬롯 안테나)

  • Lee, Jong-Ig;Yeo, Jun-Ho
    • Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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    • v.13 no.7
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    • pp.3140-3145
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    • 2012
  • In this paper, a design method for a compact slot antenna fed by a coplanar waveguide (CPW) is studied. A T-shaped tuning stub is inserted inside a narrow rectangular slot and the slot is impedance matched to the CPW feedline by adjusting the width, length, and position of the stub. The resonance frequency is adjustable by the slot length and the antenna size can be reduced by bending the slot. The resonance frequency and impedance matching property of the compact slot antenna are similar to those of the half-wavelength slot antenna, which enables one to design compact antenna of this type with ease. A compact slot antenna for 2.45-GHz ISM band is designed, fabricated on an FR4 substrate (dielectric constant of 4.4 and thickness of 0.8 mm), and experimentally tested. The measured results agree well with the simulations, which confirms the validity of this study. The fabricated compact slot antenna shows an impedance bandwidth of 200 MHz(2.32-2.52 GHz) for a VSWR < 2, which is suitable for 2.45-GHz ISM band (2.4-2.48 GHz). The measured radiation patterns show ${\infty}$-shaped directional pattern in the E-plane and nearly omni-directional pattern in the H-plane with a peak gain of 2.0 dBi, which are similar to those of a monopole antenna. The proposed antenna is expected to be suitable for the applications as antennas for WLAN, RFID, and mobile handset.

The Acceptance Testing of 5 Mega Pixels Primary Electronic Display Devices and the Study of Quality Control Guideline Suitable for Domestic Circumstance (5 Mega 화소 진단용 전자표시장치 인수검사 및 국내 실정에 적합한 정도관리 가이드라인 연구)

  • Jung, Hai-Jo;Kim, Hee-Joung;Kim, Sung-Kyu
    • Progress in Medical Physics
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    • v.18 no.2
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    • pp.98-106
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    • 2007
  • In June 2005, Yonsei University Medical Center, Severance Hospital upgraded a full-PACS system by adding twenty (5 mega pixels) Totoku ME511L flat panel LCD display devices for diagnostic interpretation purposes. Here we report upon the quantitative (or visual) acceptance testing of the twenty Totoku ME511L display devices for reflection, luminance response, luminance spatial dependency, resolution, noise, veiling glare, and display chromaticity based on AAPM TG 18 report. The tools used in the tests included a telescopic photometer, which was used as a colorimeter, illuminance meter, light sources for reflection assessment, light-blocking devices, and digital TG18 test patterns. For selected 8 flat panel displays, mean diffuse reflection coefficient ($R_d$) was $0.019{\pm}0.02sr^{-1}$. In the luminance response test, luminance ratio (LR), maximum luminance difference ($L_{max}$), and deviation of contrast response were $550{\pm}100,\;2.0{\pm}1.9%\;and\;5.8{\pm}1.8%$, respectively. In the luminance uniformity test, maximum luminance deviation was $14.3{\pm}5.5%$ for the 10% luminance of the TG18-UNL10 test pattern. In the resolution test with luminance measurement method, percent luminance (${\Dalta}L$) at the center was $0.94{\pm}0.64%$. In all cases of noise testing, rectangular target In every square in the three quadrants was visible and all 15 targets except the smallest one in the every corner pattern and the center pattern. The glare ratio (GR) was $12,346{\pm}1,995$. The color uniformity, (u',v'), was $0.0025{\pm}0.0008$. Also, the research results of qualify control guideline of primary disply devices suitable for domestic circumstance are presented All test results are in-line with the criteria recommended by AAPM TG18 report and are thus fully acceptable for diagnostic image interpretation. As a result, the acceptance testing schedule described provides not only an acceptance standard but also guidelines for quality control, optimized viewing conditions, and a means for determining the upgrading time of LCD display devices for diagnostic interpretation.

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A Study on Soviet Constructive Fashion in 1920s (1920년대 소비에트 구성주의 패션에 관한 연구)

  • 조윤경;금기숙
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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    • v.36
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    • pp.183-203
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    • 1998
  • The wave of Avant-garde swept away all in the unique social background so called 'October Revolution' and the early 1900 Russian society which was able to absorb and accept anything. The Russian avant-garde has been affected by the Cubism and the Futurism those had peculiarly appeared in the early twentieth century, spreaded out to three spheres: the Suprematism, the Rayonism and the Constructivism. The Russian Constructivism has appeared in this background, concretely and ideally ex-pressed the ideology of the revolution into the artistic form and made an huge influence to the whole Russian society. The Constructivist like Tatlin, naum Gabo, Pevaner, Rodchenko, Stepanova, Popova and Exter gave great effect on the Soviet Constructive fashion design in 1920's after the Revolution. The Soviet costume in 1920s hold in common the characteristicss of the Constructive graphic as it is, geometrical and abstractive form, energetic and motility. In fashion design, these graphic qualities have been showed as the application of geometrical form and architectural image, physical distortion and transformation. And in textile design, the simple, dynamical presentation has been appeared. We can classify the Soviet costume at this time into three occasions. The first term is from late 1910 th mid 1920, and it is altered from folk costume design to modern one. With Lamanova as the first on the list, using the folk mitif, the Constructive expression of simple form has been gradually revealed in design. Designers like Makarova, Pribylskaia and Mukhina produced the plane, simple chemise style with the decoration of the Russian traditional motif. From early to late 1920 is the second term, and it is at the pick of the most active processing of the Constructive design. Not only at the costume in daily life but also at the theatrical costume and textile, the con-structive design has been represented all avail-able fields. Many Constructivists including Stepanova, Popova, Exter and Rodchenko took part in the textile design and costume design so as to evlvo their aesthetic concept. The third term is from late 1920 to early 1930. The socialistic realism has dominated over the whole culture and art, the revolutionary dynamic motif has been presented also in textile design. The formative features of Soviet Constructive fashion design are; silhouette, from, motif, color and fabric. The first, the silhouette : a straight rectangular silhouetted has been expressed through the whole period and a volumed one with distorted human body shape has introduced in the theatrical costume design. The second, the form: many lengthened rectangular forms have been made at beginnings, but to the middle period, geometrical, architectural forms have been more showed and there are energy and movement in design. At the last period, only a partial feature-division has been seen. The third, the motif; no pattern or ethnic motif has been partly used at beginnings, a figure like circle, tri-angle has gradually appeared in textile design. At latter period, a real-existent motif like an airplane has been represented with graphing and simplicity. The fourth, the color ; because of insufficient dyeing, neutral color like black or grey color has been mainly covered, but after middle term, a primary color or pastel tone has been seen, contrast of the fabric; without much development of textile industry after the Revolution, thick and durable fabrics have been the main stream, but as time had going to the last period, fabrics such as linen, cotton, velvet and silk have been varously choesn. At the theatrical costume, new materials like plastics and metals that were able to accentuate the form. The pursuit of popularity, simplicity and functionalism that the basic concept of Constructive fashion is one of the "beauty" which has been searching in modern fashion. And now we can appreciate how innovative and epochal this Soviet Constructive fashion movement was.ement was.

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The Painting of Impressionism on the Modern Fashion (현대 의상에 표현된 인상주의 회화 양식)

  • 이효진;정흥숙
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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    • v.18 no.1
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    • pp.65-80
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    • 1994
  • In the 20th century, The artistic world was constantly producing new ideas and movements and the world of fashion responded to and reflected them all in greater of lesser degree. Dress designers have always been aware of what is happening In the arts and have always been able to use the discoveries and ideas of the artist to help them solve design problems and create fashion which are new, inventive and reflective of thier time. Up to the present, other researchers have investigated the connections between the fine arts and the Modern Fashion. In this respect, the objective of this research was to clarify the characteristics of painting of the Impressionism on the Modern Fashion. In order to investigate the relationship between the trend of painting and Modern Fashion. Especially, Impressionism's light and color affected both 20th's painting and other sorts of art. That is, the trend of the modern painting, Fauvism, Cubism, Surrealism, Abstract art, Abstract Expressionism, was influenced by Impressionism painting. Similarly, in the sihouette, line, color, fabric pattern of the Modem Fashion was represented characteristics of the Impressionism Painting. The fashion's Fauve, Paul Poiret was excited by the power of color in the same intense way as the 'wild beasts' of art. The color of his clothes during that period was bold and brilliant. Gabrielle Chanel simplified the shape of women's clothes to a square cardigan and rectangular skirt. This was a cubist concept. Art and fashion probably held hands closest in the 1930s, when Elsa Schiaparelli was creating clothes directly influenced by the Surrealist thinking of Salvador Dali. And she burst upon the fashion world with a sweater that had a trompe I'oeil bow. Soma Delaunay was one of great pioneers of Abstract in. She proceeded to mix strong and bright colors into her art and created the geometric and abstract patterns of the clothes and fabrics with her strong color. The influence of Abstract Expressionism was expressed the fabrics of the Modern Fashion. Some fabrics used in Modern Fashion are printed in a dripping pouring and splashing style. For the future, some futher research to investigate the art-fashion connection might involve establishing systematic classifications for silhouette, line, texture, color of the fashion. Moreover, in order to study the influence of fine art on the fashion, a broader approach might wish to analyze the relationship between painting and other plastic arts.

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The Effect of Titanium on the Castability of Cobalt-Chrome Alloy (코발트 크롬 합금의 주조성에 미치는 타이타늄의 효과)

  • Ryu, Su-Kyoung;Chung, Hee-Jeong;Vang, Mong-Sook;Yang, Hong-So;Lim, Hyun-Pil;Yun, Kwi-Dug;Park, Sang-Won
    • Journal of Dental Rehabilitation and Applied Science
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    • v.27 no.1
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    • pp.73-79
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    • 2011
  • Purpose of this experiment is to evaluate the effect of titanium on the castability when the titanium is added to the Co-Cr alloy. Raw materials Cobalt, Chrome, Molybdenum, Silicon, Manganase, Carbon, Nitrogen, Titanium were weighted and prepared. $Biosil^F$ (Degudent, Germany) was the control group. To the experimental group, different weight percent of titanium was added from 1 wt% to 4 wt%. The wax pattern is $30{\times}40$ cm in size, rectangular in shape and has total of 160 grids. Centrifugal machine (Neutrodyne Easy Ti: Manfredy) was used for casting. For evaluation of the castability, the number of complete grids was counted by visual inspection and X-ray inspection. The test showed similar castability with the control group in the titanium addition of 1 wt% to 3 wt%. The titanium addition of 4 wt% showed poor result. With titanium lower than 4 wt%, the experiment metals showed proper castability with high expectation of successful clinical use.