• 한국조경학회지
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.107-122
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• 1998

Visitor Impact Management (VIM) framework was developed in the United States to help recreation resources management to be more systematic and effective. It consists of a series of steps from examining problems and their causes to planning and implementing management strategies in order to solve the problems. This study was conducted to find management problems in Moodeung-san Provincial Park and suggest some alternatives based on VIM framework. Data were collected by on-site survey and a mail-back questionnaire in August of 1996 in Moodeung-san Provincial Park. Out of 1173, 519 respondents (44.2%) were used for the study. According to the study results, there were differences between users' perceptions about the present use of the park and the users' personal norms about the use of the park. That is, while 46% of the respondents considered the park should be used as 'the place for calm and meditiation,' only 19% of the respondents considered the park had been used as 'the place for calm and meditation.' Three social indicators (the number of users, the number of seeing others' inconsiderate behaviors, and the crime) and four ecological indicators (littering, human waste, trail conditions, and water quality of Moodeung-san valleys) were selected for the major managerial indicators of the study area. Generally, five out of 7 selected indicators were in worse conditions than the evaluative standards, Five indicators which were evaluated as in worse conditions include two social indicators (the number of users and the number of seeing others' inconsiderate behaviors) and three ecological indicators (littering, human waste and trail conditions). Two other indicators such as water quality of Moodeung-san valley and the crime were identified to be important for users' recreational experience. More concerns and systematic investigations on these indicators are needed. This study discussed some management strategies to solve the identified problems, and introduced how mangers may make use of these information for recreation resource menagement in the park.

• 한국수자원학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국수자원학회 2023년도 학술발표회
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• pp.501-501
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• 2023

하천에서의 여가활동에 대한 수요가 증가함에 따라 각종 친수활동에 대한 안전도 평가가 사고예방을 위해 중요해지고 있다. 친수 활동의 안전은 수리 및 수질 인자에 크게 영향을 받지만 기존 친수지수는 수질 인자에만 집중되어 개발되어왔다. 하지만, 세일링, 패들링, 저동력보트 등 입수형 친수활동의 경우, 다양한 수리 현상에 큰 영향을 받기 때문에 유속, 흐름 방향, 수심 및 수면 폭 등의 수리인자를 친수지수에 반영할 필요가 있다. 또한, 친수활동에 위험이 되는 수리적 조건은 유량 조건과 하천의 평면적 공간에 따라 상이하게 발생하기에 이를 공간적으로 평가하는 것 역시 필요한 실정이다. 본 연구에서는 수리학적 요소를 기반으로 하천 친수 활동에 대한 안전도를 평가하기 위해 공간적으로 친수활동의 안정성을 평가할 수 있는 SRRI (Spatial River Recreation Index)를 제안하였다. SRRI의 개발을 위해 1단계에서는 다양한 유량 조건에서 EFDC 동수역학모형을 이용하여 수리 인자들의 공간적 분포를 재현한 후, 2단계에서는 퍼지합성법 (FSE)를 적용하여 수리인자의 모든 소속도와 가중치를 종합하여 하천 지점별 하천친수지수를 산정하였다. 개발한 SRRI를 낙동강-금호강 합류부에 적용한 결과, 유량 및 지형 조건에 따라 각 수리인자가 친수활동 안전성에 미치는 영향이 공간적으로 매우 상이하게 나타났다. 유향(흐름 방향)은 합류지점 부근에서 친수활동의 위험성을 크게 증가시키는 반면, 사행구간에서는 수심이 중요한 요인으로 나타났다. 고유량 조건에서는 유속이 세일링 및 패들링에서 가장 큰 영향을 미치는 요소로 작용하였다. 특히 세일링은 유량 변화에 민감하여 고유량시에는 주흐름부와 합류부 부근을 제외하고 일부 공간에서만 안전하게 이용이 가능한 것으로 나타났다. 반면 무동력 및 저동력보트는 유량 변화에 덜 민감하여 고유량 조건에서도 부분적으로 허용될 수 있었지만 사행구간의 고수심부에서는 위험 등급으로 권고되었다. 이러한 결과를 바탕으로 SRRI는 다양한 수리학적 조건을 기반으로 공간적 안전정보를 제공함으로써 많은 이용자들이 하천에서 보다 안전한 친수활동을 즐기는 데에 기여할 수 있을 것으로 판단된다.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.55-75
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• 2017

The purpose of this study is to present the basic data for restoration of physical stream environment by analyzing habitat variables because habitat environment is changed due to the construction of waterfront space in urban streams. Assessment results of 10 habitat variables(three divisions) were almost same as optimal condition, in the reach of reference stream where there are no stream crossing structures and channel alteration. Assessment results of reaches in urban rivers, where streams were improved on water-friendly recreation activities, appeared to be marginal condition. Because habitat environment got worse due to stream improvement works such as construction of weir for water landscape, stepping stones for walking, low water revetment and high water revetment, and high water channel. In addition, in the case of mid gradient stream, the frequency of riffles was small or not existed because the intervals of the river crossing structures was short. In the case of mild stream types, the diversity of the pool was damaged due to the deposition of sludge in the upstream pool of weir and the installation of low water revetment.

• 환경영향평가
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• 제8권4호
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• pp.37-45
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• 1999

Juam Lake is a major water resource for the industrial and agricultural activities as well as for the resident life of Kwangju and Chonnam regions. However, the water quality of the lake is getting worse due to a large quantity of pollutant inflowing to the lake. The excessive growth of algae by the overfertilization may result in water treatment problems and also the interference with desirable water uses of navigation, aesthetics, recreation and fish maintenance. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to analyze algal species and movements in Juam Lake in order to use as basic data in making the countermeasure to achieve the water quality goal of the lake. The results of the analysis show that (1) the predominant species of algae are Microcystis aeruginosa, Anabaena affinis, Melosira granulata, Synedra acus, and Coelastrum cambricum, (2) their groups are changed in order of diatoms, green algae, and blue-green algae with the lapse of time, and (3) the distance of the vertical movements of algae for 24 hours is about 2m.

• KIEAE Journal
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.49-56
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• 2004

This study intends to propose the fundamentals of 'Ecovillage' design by researching into the cycle system of material of 'Crystalwaters' which is having been in charge of a leading role of GEN since 1996 (GEN was formed in 1996) as Ecovillage in Australia. First, to secure the water resources, we can store up rain and the water of valley, and dam. Second, we are able to use the natural filter apparatus, do tree-planting of roof to gain better quality of water. Third, it is to save the energy as supplying water. For it, we make the best of a gravity that is one of the cycle principle of water. Forth, to build a Dam can make a site of scenic beauty, do the role of recreation place and provide against emergencies (a fire, drought) as well as make a mild climate. Fifth, it can reduce the environment load because of sewage and garbage as making it compost. This is possible by treating biologically using composting apparatus of the dry or wet process. Sixth, it is to reduce the environmental pollution as to discharge seperating a recycable waste, an organic matter being able to make it compost. Finally, first of all, environmentally friendly inhabitant consciousness from lifestyle and production style plays an importent part for water cycle and the ecological cycle of waste and sewage.

• 환경영향평가
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• 제9권4호
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• pp.291-300
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• 2000

Juam lake is a major water reservoir for the industrial and agricultural activities as well as the residental life of Kwangju and Chonnam regions. However, the water quality of the lake is getting worse due to a large quantity inflowing to the lake. The excessive growth of algae by the overfertilization may result in water treatment problems and also the interference with desirable water uses of navigation, aesthetics, recreation, and aquatic ecosystem. Thus the purpose of this study is to investigate the species and their amount of planktons in the lake and the relationship between the P loading amount and the chlorophyll-a used as a primary productivity index. The results of the investigation show that (1) the predominant species of algae are Microcystis aeruginosa, Anabaena affinis, Melosira granulata, Synedra acus, and Coelastrum cambricum, (2) the trophic state of the lake can be classified as eutrophic, and (3) there is close relation between the P loading amount and the chlorophyll-a.

• 환경영향평가
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.245-255
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• 2001

The management of water, both the quantity and the quality, has been one of the most important issues in the public investment and it is equally true in the field of sustainable development. Nevertheless, the jurisdiction of local governments has been delineated without much attention to the issue of the water management. In the planning of wide areas such as cities, countries, the metropolis, and the megalopolis, it is necessary to well arrange the geographical jurisdiction of local governments as a unit of region. The river water system, including small streams to large rivers, should be given its due share in the planning and jurisdictional delineation. The traditional concept of the local government's jurisdiction emphasizing the accessibility may be fading away. Instead, the efficiency of the public management would be the main concept in determining the jurisdiction of local governments. The river improvement, the waterworks, the sewage, the maintenance of water quality, the space of water recreation, are relatively important in the efficient management of that area. This paper argues for the equalization between the geographical jurisdiction of local governments and watersheds. To this end, I do case studies of the local governments areas such as Ri(里), Eup Myon(邑 面), Si Gun(市 郡), KyangyokSi Do(廣域市 道). The study interprets ARS will be one of the principles of land use and the reorganization of the local jurisdiction in the future as a geo-systematic and the eco-systematic criteria.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제86권1호
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• pp.109-118
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• 2023

Any place where exercise is common, such as a club, sports hall, or school, is considered a place for teaching sports. When doing sports, a very safe environment for sports should be chosen. The athlete should consider the safety of sports facilities and equipment, and if there is a defect, he should refrain from exercising in these places. The safety of sports facilities is very effective in creating people's sports activities, with the benefits of staying away from physical harm, enjoying sports, and having mental peace. Everyone has the right to participate in sports and recreation and to ensure that they enjoy a safe environment. The ability to manage and solve issues that may arise plays the most critical role in creating a safe environment. The quality of construction materials used for the construction of sports facilities is of great importance. In this work, the resistance and water repellency of concrete constituents for the construction of sports buildings have been investigated by nanoscience. Nano-concrete material solves the main problem of concrete surfaces, i.e., the entry of water and humidity into the structure. It also gives it a self-cleaning ability with its water repellency. Nanoparticles are placed between pores and cover the cracks, which causes roughness in the surface structure of concrete. The high roughness of the surface of the coated concrete caused its super-hydrophobicity. In hydrophobic surfaces, the higher the contact angle, the more hydrophobic the surface will be. In order to investigate the hydrophobic properties, silica nanoparticles, silica nanoparticles, and fly ash were prepared on concrete, and their properties were analyzed.

• 한국수자원학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국수자원학회 2008년도 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.49-58
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• 2008

The function of river navigation is being reconsidered from the viewpoints of environment-friendly and energy-efficient, easing traffic congestion, emergency transport in disaster, and supporting tourism and recreation activities, etc. The purpose of this study is to identify current trends and problems of river navigation in Japan and indicate the role that river navigation should play in future and the directionality of development. This study focused on disaster prevention function with especially high importance degree in metropolitan area from among various functions of river navigation, and showed potential of river navigation corresponding to stranded commuter who is examined as a serious problem in government.

• 한국수자원학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국수자원학회 2005년도 학술발표회(1)
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• pp.11-12
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• 2005

With the great advances in process understanding, sensor and instrumentation technology and modelling capability it is important to ask what if any practical benefits can the lake manager and operator look forward to. Here, we examine some of the more important problems facing operators of drinking reservoirs, hydro-lakes and lakes used predominantly for recreation and the environment. In drinking reservoirs the main problems originate from increased loadings of nutrients leading to increased biomass and biomass that may give rise to toxins, of anthropogenic chemicals such as metals and synthetic organics and of pathogens of different types. Hydro-lakes are predominantly plagued by problems arising from low oxygen levels in the hypolimnion and in recreational and environmentally sensitive lakes the biggest challenge for the operator is to maintain an existing or establish a new trophic hierarchy or protect the water body from foreign species. The control variables that are at an operator's disposal are the choice of lake water level, the modification of the water colunm stratification via a de-stratification system, the modification of the lake flow path with flow intervention. curtains, intervention in the catchments to modify the loadings flowing into a lake, manipulation of the trophic chain with introduction of new species and chemical dosing, the latter being of marginal use in a large lake. Each of these options is cost effective under certain-circumstances. We endeavour to provide a users guide for their application and show how, especially new instrumentation and modelling methodologies may be used to achieve an effective intervention.