• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.335-355
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• 2016

Most laboratory test research has focused on grouting efficiency in homogeneous reconstituted soft clay. However, the natural sedimentary soils generally behave differently from reconstituted soils due to the effect of soil structure. A series of laboratory grouting tests were conducted to research the effect of soil structure on the performance of compensation grouting. The effects of grouting volume, overlying load and grouting location on the performance of compensation grouting under different soil structures were also studied. Reconstituted soil was altered with added cement to simulate artificial structured soil. The results showed that the final grouting efficiency was positive and significantly increased with the increase of stress ratio within a certain range when grouting in normally consolidated structured clay. However, in the same low yield stress situation, the artificial structured soil had a lower final grouting efficiency than the overconsolidated reconstituted soil. The larger of normalized grouting volume could increase the final grouting efficiency for both reconstituted and artificial structured soils. Whereas, the effect of the overlying load on final grouting efficiencies was unfavourable, and was independent of the stress ratio. As for the layered soil specimens, grouting in the artificial structured soil layer was the most efficient. In addition, the peak grouting pressure was affected by the stress ratio and the overlying load, and it could be predicted with an empirical equation when the overlying load was less than the yield stress. The end time of primary consolidation and the proportion of secondary consolidation settlement varied with the different soil structures, grouting volumes, overlying loads and grouting locations.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.264-268
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• 1996

Panax-ginseng saponin has been known to exert various pharmacological effects on cellular metabolism. This study was performed to determine the effect of ginseng saponin on gap junction channel-mediated intercellular communication, using an established in vitro system of reconstituted gap junction channels. Gap junction channels are a specialized plasma membrane fraction, which are permeable to relatively large water-soluble molecules. The sucrose permeable property of reconstituted gap junction channels was completely inhibited with 0.1 % (w/v) of ginseng saponin. We also compared the effect of ginseng saponin with that of Triton X-100, a nonionic detergent, on the same system. Triton X-100 showed significantly different effect on sucrose-permeability of gap junction channel from that was affected by ginseng saponin. The structures of liposomes containing gap junction channels was significantly destroyed by Triton X-100.

• BMB Reports
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.184-190
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• 1995

Functional study of the gap junction channel has been hindered by its inaccessibility in situ. Identification of forms of this channel in artificial membrane has been elusive because of the lack of identifying channel physiology. Connexin32 forms gap junction channels between neighboring cells in rat liver. Connexin32 was affinity-purified using a monoclonal antibody and reconstituted into artificial phospholipid vesicles. The reconstituted connexin32 formed channels through the vesicle membrane that were permeable to sucrose (Stokes radius: $5{\AA}$). The permeability to sucrose was reversibly reduced by acidic pH. In addition, the pH effect on the permeability to sucrose fit well with by the Hill's equation (where, n=2.7 and pK=6.7).

• 한국동물번식학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국동물번식학회 2001년도 발생공학 국제심포지움 및 학술대회 발표자료집
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• pp.60-61
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• 2001

To produce reconstituted rabbit embryos with fetal fibroblasts, the present study was evaluated the efficiencies of the activation conditions as assessments of subsequent development and chromosome in the embryos. New Zealand White rabbits were used throughout the study. Fetal fibroblasts collected from 22-d of fetuses were cultured in DMEM＋10% FBS in 5% CO₂ in air. The culture was maintained for 10 passages. In every passage half of cell suspension were kept in frozen. (omitted)

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제29권5호
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• pp.963-968
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• 1997

쌀밥에 곡류나 두류를 적당히 혼합하면 쌀에 부족된 영양적인면을 보완할 수 있으나 혼합취반에 따른 번거로움 때문에 쉽게 일상화되지 못하고 있는 실정을 감안하여 현미, 보리, 밀, 조, 수수, 콩, 팥 등의 원료를 일차 분쇄하고 혼합한 후 쌍축압출성형기를 사용하여 쌀알 형태로 성형하였다. 원료의 기본배합비를 현미 30%, 보리 30%, 밀 20%, 조 5%, 수수 5%, 콩 7%, 팥 3%로 결정하였으며 원료의 배합비율에 따른 압출성형조건으로 스크류 속도는 250 rpm, 가수율은 $24{\sim}30%$, 배럴온도는 $50{\sim}60^{\circ}C$로 설정하여 성형물의 팽화를 억제함과 동시에 $5{\times}0.8mm$ 직사각형의 토출구를 사용하고 절단칼의 회전속도 등을 조절하여 재성형 혼합곡을 성공적으로 제조하였다. 재성형 혼합곡립의 크기와 형태는 단립종 백미와 유사하였고 체적은 백미에 비해 약간 높았으며 침지에 의한 수화속도가 빨라 수분흡수율이 높게 나타났다. 취반 후 혼합곡립의 경도는 백미에 비해 약간 낮았고 부착성은 높았다. 압출성형기법을 이용하여 제조한 재성형 혼합곡은 쌀밥에 영양성, 간편성, 기호성을 보충시킬 수 있는 주식개념의 혼합곡으로서의 가치가 매우 큰 것으로 판단되었다.

• Journal of Plant Biology
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• 제33권4호
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• pp.321-323
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• 1990

Membrane proteins isolated from the coleoptile and mesocotyl tissues of corn seedlings were solubilized with Triton X100 and reconstituted with phosphatidylcholine at 2$0^{\circ}C$. The proteoliposomes were incubated and proton uptake into the vesicles was measured with a spectrophotometer. Addition of ATP to the reaction mixture was found to result in an active accumulation of proton into the vesicles. These results indicate that the preparation contains tightly bound phosphatidylcholine vesicles with reconstituted H+ -ATPase from the plant cell membranes.

• 한국발생생물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국발생생물학회 2001년도 발생공학 국제심포지움 및 학술대회 발표자료집
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• pp.60-61
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• 2001

• 한국수정란이식학회지
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.1-10
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• 1997

The present study was conducted to investigate the influence of embryo cell stage at 18h post-fusion and oocyte preactivation on sebsequent in vitro developmental potential in the nuclear transplant rabbit embryos. The embryos of 16-cell stage were collected and synchronized to G$_1$ phase of 32-cell stage. The recipient cytoplasms were obtained by removing the first polar body and chromosome rnass from the oocytes collected by non-dis-ruptive microsurgery procedure. The separated G$_1$ phase blastomeres of 32-cell stage were injected into non-preactivated recipient cytoplasms. Otherwise, the enucleated recipient cytoplasms were preactivated by electrical stimulation at 18h post-hCG injection and the separated G$_1$ phase blastomeres of 32-cell stage were injected. Mter culture until 20h post-hOG injection, the nuclear transplant oocytes were electrofused by electrical stimulation. The fused nuclear transplant embryos were classified into 3~4-cell, 2-cell and 1-cell stage at 18 hrs post-fusion and cultured until the embryos reached blastocyst stage. The developmental rate to blastocyst stage was significantly (P <0.05) higher in all the reconstituted embryos of 3~4-cell stage(58.0%) than in 2 and icell stage. The developmental rate to blastocyst stage in the embryos of 3~4-cell stage at 18 hrs post-fusion was significantly (P<0.05) higher in the reconstituted without oocyte preactivation(77.8%) than in the oocyte-preactivated embryos (33.3%). These results indicated that the higher rate of in the in vitro development to blastocyst stage might be obtained form the embryos which were reconstituted with nuclear donor of G$_1$ phase and non-preactivated oocyte, and developed more rapidly for 18 hrs post-fusion.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제31권5호
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• pp.1349-1356
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• 1999

본 연구에서는 우유 또는 난백분말로 만든 젖산균 발효식품을 동결건조한 후, $28^{\circ}C,\;5^{\circ}C,\;-18^{\circ}C$에서 20주 동안 저장하면서 동결건조 상태 시료의 형태, 성상 및 색상의 변화를 관찰하고, 살균수로 복원된 시료의 생균수, pH 및 기호성의 변화를 조사하였다. (1) 우유시료와 난백분말 시료는 $5^{\circ}C$와 $-18^{\circ}C$에서는 생균수의 변화가 거의 없었으나, $28^{\circ}C$의 시료는 생균수가 저장기간이 경과함에 따라 감소했는데 특히 4주에서 5주 사이에 생균수의 변화가 현저하였다. 한편 pH는 어느 시료나 저장온도에 관계없이 20주 동안 변화가 없었다. (2) 복원하지 않은 시료의 형태와 성상은 20주 동안 변화가 없었고, 색상은 $28^{\circ}C$에서 저장한 난백분말 시료의 경우 갈변 현상을 나타내어 16주 후부터 다른 시료와 확실히 구분이 되었다. (3) 20주 저장 후의 시료를 살균수로 복원한 다음 젖산균 발효식품으로서의 기호성을 관찰했을 때, 우유시료의 형태는 $5^{\circ}C$와 $-18^{\circ}C$시료가 0일 시료와 차이가 없었으나, $28^{\circ}C$ 시료는 균질성과 용해도가 감소하였다. $28^{\circ}C$에서 20주 저장된 우유시료의 맛, 냄새 및 조직감은 상당한 변화를 보였다. (4) 20주 저장 후 환원된 난백분밀 시료는 점도가 0 일 시료에 비하여 다소 감소하였다. $28^{\circ}C$ 시료는 융해도가 감소하고, 맛과 냄새는 상당한 변화를 보였다. $5^{\circ}C$와 $-18^{\circ}C$에서 저장 후 환원된 난백분말 시료의 조직감은 양호한 편이었으나 0일 시료보다 점착성이 다소 감소하였다. 한편 $28^{\circ}C$에서 20주 저장된 난백분말 시료의 조직감은 거칠었다.

• Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation
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• 제40권1호
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• pp.39-43
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• 2010

Solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) were freeze-dried to obtain a stable solid dosage form with the aid of various cryoprotectants such as trehalose, sucrose, glucose, fructose, and glycerol. Tricaprin(TC) and trilaurin(TL) were used as lipid matrices for SLNs and stabilizers were egg phosphatidylcholine and pegylated phospholipid. All cryoprotectants tested did not cause changes in mean particle size of SLNs when mixed with SLNs before freeze-drying. However, the mean particle sizes of reconstituted SLNs after freeze-drying were significantly different from those of the un-lyophilized original SLN dispersions depending on the types and concentration of cryoprotectants. Although the freeze-dried SLNs without any cryoprotectants were easily reconstituted by hand-shaking, the mean particle size drastically increased (> $8\;{\mu}m$ for TC SLNs and around $1\;{\mu}m$ for TL SLNs) compared to that of un-lyophilized original dispersion (97 nm for TC SLNs and 164 nm for TL SLNs). Trehalose and sucrose were the most effective additives to protect the SLNs during lyophilization. The reconstituted SLNs were physically stable for 24 hours when lyophilized with 12.5% trehalose, sucrose, glucose, fructose or glycerol.