• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.55 no.1
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• pp.1-5
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• 2012

The need for evidence-based decision making in immunization programs has increased due to the presence of multiple health priorities, limited human resources, expensive vaccines, and limited funds. Countries should establish a group of national experts to advise their Ministries of Health. So far, many nations have formed their own National Immunization Technical Advisory Groups (NITAGs). In the Republic of Korea, the Korea Expert Committee on Immunization Practices (KECIP), established by law in the early 1990s, has made many important technical recommendations to contribute to the decline in vaccine preventable diseases and currently functions as a NITAG. It includes 13 core members and 2 non-core members, including a chairperson. Core members usually come from affiliated organizations in internal medicine, pediatrics, obstetrics, microbiology, preventive medicine, nursing and a representative from a consumer group, all of whom serve two year terms. Non-core members comprise two government officials belonging to the Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (KCDC) and the Korea Food and Drug Administration. Meetings are held as needed, but at least twice a year, and sub-committees are formed as a resource for gathering, analyzing, and preparing information for the KECIP meetings. Once the sub-committees or the KCDC review the available data, the KECIP members discuss each issue in depth and develop recommendations, usually by a consensus in the meeting. The KECIP publishes national guidelines and immunization schedules that are updated regularly. KECIP's role is essentially consultative and the implementation of their recommendations may depend on the budget or current laws.

• Journal of Korean Clinical Nursing Research
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.154-163
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• 2020

Purpose: The aim of this study was to develop an evidence-based guideline for stoma management providing institutional policy, assessment, complications and follow-up care. Methods: The guideline adaptation manual consisting of 23 steps developed by the National Evidence-Based Healthcare Collaborating Agency was used for this study. It presents an overview of the process used to develop the guideline and lists specific recommendations from the guideline. Results: It provides 55 recommendations that include the following 8 topics: 1) Organization and policy recommendations, 2) Preoperative nursing; Ostomy education, stoma site marking, 3) Ostomy formation, 4) Postpoperative nursing; education, assessment, high output stoma management, 5) Selection of ostomy products, 6) Colostomy irrigation, 7) Stomal and peristomal complications, 8) Follow-up care after discharge. Conclusion: The guideline can be used to address stoma management in hospital settings. The intent of the guideline is to provide information that will assist healthcare providers to manage adult patients with ostomies, prevent or decrease complications, and improve patients' outcomes.

• Journal of Korean Academic Society of Home Health Care Nursing
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.13-19
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• 2011

Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate patient satisfaction and indirect marketing effects (recommendation, hospital re-visit intention) and additionally to calculate the expected incomes by clinical nurse specialists (CNS). Methods: Sixty-six patients who had lower varicose vein removal surgery performed at two general hospitals from August 1 to November 30, 2008, were recruited. The effects were evaluated by degree of patient satisfaction, the number of personal recommendations given, rate of hospital re-visit intention, and indirect marketing effects. Indirect marketing effects were calculated as the total cost of surgery multiplied by the score of other variables. Results: The patient satisfaction score was 0.82 for CNS and 0.43 for general nurses (GN). The number of personal recommendations given was 2.5 for CNS and 1.1 for GN. The rate of hospital re-visit intention was 0.31 for CNS and 0.21 fot GN. The ratio of expected incomes between CNS and GN is 2.07 to 1. Conclusion: We found that when a CNS serves a patient, satisfaction, number of personal recommendations, hospital re-visit intention, and indirect marketing effects were higher than those of GN. These results show that CNS have dominant roles and functions and that the effects of CNS employment can be measured using economics parameters.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• v.41 no.4
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• pp.337-341
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• 2016

Purpose: Evaluation of atmospheric conditions for proper timing of spray application is important to prevent off-target movement of crop protection materials. Susceptible crops can be damaged downwind if proper application procedure is not followed. In our previous study, hourly data indicated unfavorable conditions, primarily between evening 18:00 hrs in the evening and 6:00 hrs next morning, during clear conditions in the hot summer months in the Mississippi delta. With the requirement of timely farm operations, sub-hourly data are required to provide better guidelines for pilots, as conditions of atmospheric stability can change rapidly. Although hourly data can be interpolated to some degree, finer resolution for data acquisition of the order of 15 min would provide pilots with more accurate recommendations to match the data recording frequency of local weather stations. Methods: In the present study, temperature and wind speed data obtained at a meteorological tower were re-sampled to calculate the atmospheric stability ratio for sub-hour and hourly recommendations. High-precision evaluation of temperature inversion periods influencing atmospheric stability was made considering strength, time of occurrence, and duration of temperature inversion. Results and Discussion: The results indicated that atmospheric stability could be determined at different time intervals providing consistent recommendations to aerial applicators, thereby avoiding temperature inversion with minimal off-target drift of the sprayed liquid.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.181-191
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• 2021

The aim of the study is to empirically investigate and analyze the influence of public welfare, audit findings, and follow-up of audit recommendations on audit opinion with the disclosure level of financial reports as an intervening variable using agency theory and signaling theory. To achieve this purpose, a quantitative research method was employed. Population of this study is Provincial Government Financial Reports in Indonesia for fiscal years 2016 to 2018. There were 84 financial reports that met the criteria of purposive sampling. The data were gathered from the websites of the Audit Board of the Republic of Indonesia and the Indonesian Central Bureau of Statistics. In this study, the hypothesis-testing tool is path analysis using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 15. Based on the multiple regression analysis, the results show that audit findings, public income, and the disclosure level of financial reports significantly influenced audit opinion. Besides, the follow-up of audit recommendations and public health significantly influenced audit opinion through the disclosure level of financial reports. This study suggests that, in order to have better audit opinion, local governments need to improve public welfare, follow-up audit finding, and disclose more details in financial report.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• v.21 no.6
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• pp.187-199
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• 2021

The research aims to measure the control procedures' effectiveness, followed by the University of Northern Borders employees. A questionnaire was developed and distributed to the target sample of financial and auditing affairs employees at the university, where the researcher followed the existing descriptive-analytical approach. The researcher relied on the field survey, and statistical analysis (spss) was used. The researcher has found that the control procedures used are highly efficient in reducing public money waste. The researcher has presented recommendations that may contribute to developing the work of oversight in combating waste of public money. These recommendations include: Increase the interaction between the General Oversight Office and the internal oversight departments at the University of Northern Borders, the incentives provided to the oversight and accounting staff for their efforts to combat public money waste. It encourages them to maintain public money and work to obliging employees to undertake training courses periodically to develop their skills and rehabilitate them in line with modern control procedures. Also, more studies and scientific research on the waste of public money and types of administrative and financial Corruption and the law in all state sectors and reach conclusions and recommendations will help decision-makers amend laws and regulations to serve the public benefit of the university and the state.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.47-56
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• 2023

Purpose: the research aims to analyze the impact of the distribution of knowledge through online learning on the intellectual potential of PhD students and produce recommendations for policy to improve intellectual capacity. During the literature review, it was determined that a large number of studies examined the impact of online learning on the quality of education at different levels. Research design, data and methodology: the research methodology is based on subjective assessment and studying the students' opinions. The basis of the study was a comprehensive analysis of primary data obtained through a sociological survey of PhD students. 324 respondents from humanitarian, medical and natural faculties participated in the survey. Results: the study revealed that online learning helps increase students' intellectual potential. PhD students had a positive attitude towards the transition from traditional education to online learning. It should be noted that, according to the results, the most popular gadgets were laptops and smartphones, which were characterized by high mobility and ease of use. Based on the obtained results, recommendations were developed for the formation of online learning with a focus on increasing students' intellectual potential. Conclusions: based on the results of the assessment of educational and innovative potential, policy recommendations and further research in this area were proposed.

• Advances in concrete construction
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.183-190
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• 2022

A wide range of experimental bases and improved performance with different forms of Fiber Reinforced Polymer (FRP) have attracted researchers to produce eco-friendly and sustainable structures. The reinforced concrete (RC) beam's shear capacity has remained a complex phenomenon because of various parameters affecting. Design recommendations for the shear capacity of RC elements having FRP reinforcement need a more experimental database to improve design recommendations because almost all the recommendations replace different parameters with FRP's. Steel and FRP are fundamentally different materials. One is ductile and isotropic, whereas the other is brittle and orthotropic. This paper presents experimental results of the investigation on the beams with glass fiber reinforced polymer (GFRP) reinforcement as longitudinal bars and stirrups. Total twelve beams with GFRP reinforcement were prepared and tested. The cross-section of the beams was rectangular of size 230 × 300 mm, and the total length was 2000 mm with a span of 1800 mm. The beams are designed for simply-supported conditions with the two-point load as per specified load positions for different beams. Flexural reinforcement provided is for the balanced conditions as the beams were supposed to test for shear. Two main variables, such as shear span and spacing of stirrups, were incorporated. The beams were designed as per American Concrete Institute (ACI) ACI 440.1R-15. Relation of VExp./VPred. is derived with axial stiffness, span to depth ratio, and stirrups spacing, from which it is observed that current design provisions provide overestimation, particularly at lower stirrups spacing.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.17 no.7
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• pp.344-357
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• 2017

The purpose of this study was to analyze reflected status of evidence-based guideline on nursing textbook for prevention of catheter-associated urinary tract infections (CAUTIs). The subjects were 14 fundamental nursing textbooks consisting of 7 theoretical and 7 practical books published from March 2012 to March 2017. The evidence-based guideline was consisted of ninety-one recommendations for prevention of CAUTIs which were comprehensively collected from five guidelines. Collected data were analyzed using descriptive statistics. Reflected rate on theoretical and practical fundamental nursing textbooks were 23.0% and 15.2% respectively. The most reflected domains in theoretical and practical textbooks was catheter management and catheter insertion respectively. Sixteen out of 91 individual recommendations with more than 50% consistency rate were identified, and eight (50.0%) recommendations on the catheter maintenance area were identified. Lastly nine inconsistent recommendations were identified. And the most frequent discrepancies were indwelling catheterization for management of urinary incontinence, followed by regular changing indwelling catheter, clamping prior to removal and perineal care. In conclusion, we found that recommendations for the CAUTIs guidelines were poorly reflected on text books. Further revising fundamental nursing textbook should correct the discrepancies between textbooks and the guidelines.

• Journal of muscle and joint health
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.227-237
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• 2017

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to analyze the suitability and applicability of the recommendations for the exercise intervention program in fall prevention guidelines for the elderly. Methods: We searched systematically RISS, KISS, National Assembly Library, KoreaMed, and KM base for Korean guidelines and used OVID-MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane library, Trip database, GIN, NGC, WHO, and CDC for international guidelines including fall prevention exercises for the elderly until August 2016. Results: A total of 11 guidelines were selected as the result of the literature search. After evaluating the quality of guidelines, 9 guidelines were used to analyze the recommendations. A total of 19 recommendations were derived from 9 guidelines. Of 19 recommendations, 12 recommendations were considered to be appropriate and applicable. As a result, we recommend for the elderly to do a single type of balance exercise, strength exercise, aerobic exercise or multiple forms of exercise for 20~30 minutes per a day, 2~3 days or more than 3 days per a week, and consistently for more than 10 weeks. Conclusion: To prevent falls in the elderly, it is important for the elderly to perform a regular balance, strength, or aerobic exercise for 20~30 minutes per a day, 2~3 days per a week.