• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제43권5호
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• pp.596-601
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• 2010

고염도 간척지 토양에서 석고시용에 따른 토양의 제염특성을 알아보고자 석고의 혼합비율별 토주를 제작하여 이온의 용출과 토양 중 이온 분포 특성을 조사하였다. 석고의 혼합비율별로 토주의 $K_{sat}$값을 측정한 결과, 석고 혼합 0%에서는 최종적으로 투수가 정지하여 $K_{sat}$ 0 cm $hr^{-1}$을 나타내었고, 석고 0.2% 혼합에서는 0.01 cm $hr^{-1}$를 나타내었으며, 석고 0.4% 이상의 혼합에서는 투수성이 크게 증가하여 0.3 cm $hr^{-1}$ 이상의 $K_{sat}$ 값을 나타내었다. 석고의 혼합비율별 용출액의 EC는 초기 104.2~164.8 dS $m^{-1}$에서부터 141시간 용출 후 크게 감소하여 석고 혼합비율에 따라 0.1~0.6 dS $m^{-1}$을 나타내었다. 석고 혼합비율별 토주 토양내 양이온 함량에 대한 용출된 각 양이온의 비율은 석고 혼합비율이 증가됨에 따라 모든 이온에서 증가하여 석고 혼합비 0.8% > 0.6% > 0.4% > 0.2% 순을 나타내었다. 또한 모든 석고 혼합비율에서 토양내 양이온 함량에 대한 용출 양이온의 비율은 $Na^+>Mg^{2+}>K^+>Ca^{2+}$ 순으로 높았다. 석고혼합토주의 용출 시험 후 토주내 토양의 EC는 시험 전 33.9 dS $m^{-1}$에 비해 98.8% 이상 저하되었다. 토양의 치환성 $Ca^{2+}$는 크게 증가하여 석고 혼합비에 따라 1.7~3.1 $cmol_c\;kg^{-1}$의 함량을 나타낸 반면, 치환성 $Na^+$, $Mg^{2+}$, $K^+$이온은 각각 1.1, 1.3, 0.6 $cmol_c\;kg^{-1}$ 이하의 함량을 나타내었다.

• 한국작물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국작물학회 2003년도 추계 학술발표회 요지
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• pp.136-137
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• 2003

• 한국작물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국작물학회 2005년도 추계학술발표회 요지
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• pp.34-49
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• 2005

• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제42권6호
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• pp.454-459
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• 2009

전북 부안군 소재 계화도간척지 시험포장에서 토양의 염류가 논토양의 투수성에 미치는 영향을 알고자 염농도가 높은 지점과 낮은 지점을 대상으로 시료를 채취하여 토양의 물리 화학성을 조사한 결과는 다음과 같다. 시험토양은 포화침출액 전기전도도($EC_{e}$)가 고염지 표토 $25.2dS\;m^{-1}$, 고염지 심토 $37.8dS\;m^{-1}$, 저염지 표토 $3.0dS\;m^{-1}$, 저염지 심토 $3.4dS\;m^{-1}$로 시험토양을 염류토양 분류기준에 의거 분류한 결과, 고염지 표토는 saline soil, 고염지 심토는 saline-sodic soil이었고 저염지 표토 및 심토는 일반 토양(normal soil)에 해당되었다. 토주실험 결과 저염지 표토의 포화수리전도도 (Ksat)는 $0.623cm\;hr^{-1}$이었으나, 고염지 표토에서는 용출수의 하향이동이 거의 일어나지 않았다. 고염지 표토를 토양 무게에 대하여 1:2의 비율로 증류수, 1N NH4OAc, 0.1eq L-1oxalic acid로 연이어 세척하여 수용성 및 치환성 이온을 부분 제거하고 컬럼에 충전하여 포화수리전도도를 측정한 결과, $K_{sat}$값은 세척전에 투수가 거의 일어나지 않았던 것에 비하여 크게 증가하여 $0.68cm\;hr^{-1}$을 나타내었다. 세척비율 1:3과 1:7에서 같은 방법으로 포화수리전도도를 측정한 결과 $K_{sat}$값은 각각 $0.71cm\;hr^{-1}$, $0.73cm\;hr^{-1}$을 나타내었고 토양에 대한 희석요인이 증가할수록 $K_{sat}$값은 더 증가하는 경향을 나타냈다. 고염지 표토 토양을 $1N\;NH_4OAc$로 1시간 진탕 세척하여 수용성 및 치환성 양이온의 대부분을 제거한 후 컬럼에 충전하여 포화수리전도도를 측정한 결과, $K_{sat}$값은 $0.23cm\;hr^{-1}$으로 크게 증가하였고, 수용성 및 치환성 양이온을 제거한 고염지 표토 토주의 하단에 NaCl용액을 농도별로 상향 포화시켜 처리한 후 포화수리전도도를 측정한 결과 $K_{sat}$값은 NaCl 처리 농도별로 $0.13{\sim}0.15cm\;hr^{-1}$을 나타내었으며 NaCl의 처리 농도가 증가함에 따라 $K_{sat}$값은 더 낮아지는 경향을 보였다.

• 한국환경농학회지
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.122-126
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• 1998

작물들의 염분에 대한 반응을 알아보기 위해 200mM의 NaCl이 들어있는 영양액을 공급하는 사경재배를 통하여 작물들의 내염성을 비교하였고,간척지 토양에 파종하여 작물들의 출현율과 초기생육을 관찰하였다. 작물종 중 내염성이 강한 종은 목화, 보리, 밀, 옥수수 등으로 이들은 200mM의 NaCl이 함유된 영양액에서 고사하지 않고 생육이 가능하다. 그러나 녹두, 완두, 팥, 콩과 갚은 콩과작물이 염분에 특히 약하였다. 작물을 간척지 토양에 파종했을때 건물중의 피해가 가장 심하였고, 출현율, 초장 순으로 염분에 대한 반응 정도가 작았다. 또한 염분 정도가 증가함에 따라 작물체의 엽수도 감소하였다. 공시 작물들의 초장이 50% 저해 되는 염분 농도를 추정해 볼 때 화본과의 벼, 보리, 옥수수는 각각 22.6, 56.9, 40.4ds/m의 EC에서 초장 50% 저해되었고, 콩과 작물인 녹두와 콩은 각각 22.6과 21.7ds/md의 EC에서 초장이 50% 감소됨을 추정할 수 있었다.

• 미생물과산업
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.49-57
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• 1993

Chenges in respiration of the soils collected from the reclaimed tidal soil in Chogi-ri, Kanghwa Island and treated with organic matters are presented. The measurement of the respiration for the smaples, which were incubated for 0,2,4 and 5 weeks, were carried out by using Warburg's respirometer. While the respirations of the samples added by organic matters were increased 6.7 - 28.0 times compared with that 0 week during the incubation in case of 5-year soil, the respiration in case of 3-year soil were increased 3.3-11.8 times. Thus, the effect of adding organic matters on the respiration of the experimented soils, as this indicates, was much higher for the soil of 5-year area than that of 30-year area. And for the organic matters Salicornia was most effective and then Suaeda and Oryzae. The samples treated with Salicornia and Suaeda showed their highest respiration rate at the 4th week, but the one with Oryzae was measured to increase progressively during 5 weeks experimented. Regarding the salinity, content of organic matters and number of bacteria, in each intact soil experimented, 5-year soil samples had much poor habitat then 30-year soil for the activity of soil microorganisms, but according to the result mentioned above, it is firmly believed that the addition of organic matters on the saline soil is one of the best means to change the reclaimed tidal land into arable land with less time duration.

• 한국농공학회지
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• 제43권4호
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• pp.37-49
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• 2001

This study was performed in order to produce the basic data for developing prediction techniques of desalinization to be applicable to reclaimed tidal lands at the beginning stage. the desalinization experiments were carried out by two water management practices, namely, the leaching method by subsurface drainage and the rinsing method by surface drainage. The 5 soil samples used in this study were collected in 4 tidal land reclamation projects. Regression equations were obtained in order to investigate the changes of electrical conductivity during the desalinization of reclaimed tidal lands and to estimate water requirements for desalinization. The results obtained from this study were summarized as follows: 1. According to USDA Salinity Laboratory classification system of salt affected soils the reclaimed tidal land soils used in this study were saline-sodic soils with the high electrical conductivity and the high exchangeable sodium percentage. 2. With the increase of the water requirements for desalinization the electrical conductivity was decreased with high degree of correlationships and the desalinization effects were remakable in both the leaching method and the rinsing method. 3. In case of the leaching method the electrical conductivity had been reduced below the classification value of salt affected soils when the depth o water leached per unit depth of soil (Dwl/Ds) was 0.3 and the desalinization effects showed a tendency to be much the same in each treatment.

• Journal of Plant Biology
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.9-18
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• 1969

In the previous paper(part III), a certian relationships between the changes of chlorinity and organic acid released from organic material were seemed to be concened to each other in saline soil suspension. Such a possibility had been a cause to take this experiments and this experiment was carried out under the treatment of organic acid crystal, oxalic acid and succinic acid, to the soil suspension(soil: water=20g:40cc) directly. The amount of organic acid treated to the suspension were related to the contents of organic material, as amount of organic acid per gram of organic material(391.76mg). The saline soil suspension were grouped and treated with the acids in order of 78.35mg(Group 1), 391.76mg(Group 2) 979.4mg(Group 3), and 1958.8mg(Group 4), respectively. Treated suspension had been incubated at room temperature and extract from suspension was used for analysis. Followings are summary of this report. 1) Changes of pH in soil suspension appeared a little increase after the treatment of organic acid until 168 hours. 2) Total acidity of soil suspension showed a variation, however, the values of total acidity appeared not to be increased or decreased during the period of experiment. 3) Sugar contents of soil suspension was increased until 168 hours after treatment. These results are similar tendency to the previous paper. 4) Addition of organic acid to soil suspension was confirmed not to be effective method for desalination from saline soil. Chlorinity of group 3 and 4 which were treated with high concentration of organic acid showed a decrease comparing to control group.

• 한국초지조사료학회지
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.77-83
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• 1990

A three year's field experiment was carried out on newly reclaimed tidal saline soils to evaluate the salt tolerance and growht characteristics, and their relationship to dry matter production and nutrient quality of main selected pasture species. Nine temperate grasses (14 varieties) and two forage crops (sorghum and pearl millet) were grown under different mulching treatments with medium sand and red-yellow soils (fine loamy materials of Typic Hapludults) from 1986 to 1988. Tall wheatgrass, tall fescue, reed canarygrass and alfalfa showed a good tolerance to soil salinity, especially tall wheatgrass (cv. Alkar) produced 19.6 ton/ha dry matter yield annualy under mulching treatment with medium sand depth in lcm. Pearl millet (cv. Gahi-3) was also evaluated as a salt tolerable forage species. Under salt stress in newly reclaimed tidal lands, plant showed a decrease in the assimirable leaf area (LA) as well as specific leaf area (SP. LA) and a low leaf weight ratio(LWR), and it resulted in a low concentration of crude protein and low digestible dry matter contents. Absorption of macro and micro elements in the plant on tidal lands was increased markedly.

• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제47권6호
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• pp.406-411
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• 2014

Serious problems in reclaimed land agriculture are high soil salinity and poor vertical drainage, so desalinization in these soils is very difficult. Also, although desalinization is accomplished in reclaimed top soils, before long, soils are resalinized according to capillary rise of salts from the subsurface soils. To resolve these problems, multi-layered soil columns with subsurface layer of macroporous medium utilizing coal bottom ash (CBA) were constructed and the effects of blocked resalinization of these soils were investigated. In this experiment soil samples were collected from Munpo series (coarse-loamy, nonacid, mixed, mesic, typic Fluvaquents). The soil texture was silt loam and the EC was $33.9dS\;m^{-1}$. As for groundwater seawater was used and groundwater level of 1 cm from the bottom was maintained. The overall rate of capillary rise was $2.38cm\;hr^{-1}$ in soil 60 cm column, $0.25cm\;hr^{-1}$ in topsoil (30 cm) + CBA (5 cm) + subsurface soil (10 cm) column and $0.08cm\;hr^{-1}$ in topsoil (30 cm) + CBA (10 cm) + subsurface soil (10 cm) column. In multi-layered soil columns with CBA 20, 30 cm layer, wetting front due to capillary rise could not be seen in top soil layer. After 70 days capillary rise experiment water soluble Na+ accumulated in top soil of soil columns with CBA 20, 30 cm was diminished by 92.8, 96.5% respectively in comparison with Na+ accumulated in top soil of soil 60 cm column because CBA layer cut off capillary rise of salts from the subsurface soil. From these results we could conclude that the macroporous layer utilizing CBA placed at subsurface layer cut off capillary rise of solutes from subsurface soil, resulting in lowered level of salinity in top soil and this method can be more effective in newly reclaimed saline soil.