• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.48 no.6
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• pp.534-539
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• 2003

The yield and quality characteristics of three rice varieties(Seojinbyeo, Ilpumbyeo, and Chuchungbyeo) in reclaimed saline paddy field were investigated under different cultural practices, three transplanting times (May 15, May 30 and June 15) and four harvest times (40, 50, 60 and 70days after heading) in order to obtain basic information for the production of high quality rice. Brown rice yield of three rice varieties were significantly higher in early and medium than late season cultivation. The protein content of milled rice showed high interaction effect between transplanting time and harvest time. Palatability values of Seojinbyeo and Ilpumbyeo were significantly higher in late than medium season cultivation, but Chucheongbyeo did not show any difference in its palatability value by different transplanting time. The palatability values of three rice variety was the highest in the harvest at 40 days after heading. The grain yield of three rice varieties were higher in early and medium than late season cultivation, whereas palatability values of three rice varieties were significantly higher in the early and late season cultivation than medium season cultivation. The palatability value measured by rice taster showed a highly negative correlation(r=$0.43^{**}$) with cumulative air temperature during ripening period.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers Conference
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• 2000.10a
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• pp.611-616
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• 2000

Effect of reclaimed sewage on the paddy rice culture was examined by field experiment for two consecutive years. The domestic sewage was treated by the comstructed wetland, and the effluent of the treatment wetland was used for irrigation water. Growth components and yields were compared against the CONTROL plot where conventional fertilization was applied. In general, addition of the reclaimed sewage irrigation which contained high nutrient concentration didn＇t affect paddy rice culture adversely, and even better growth and more yields were observed. Overall, reclaimed sewage irrigation was thought to be one of practical alternatives for irrigation water.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.46 no.6
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• pp.417-425
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• 2013

This study investigated the runoff from rice paddy located on reclaimed fine sandy loam soil to provide data for the development of policies to protect water quality of estuaries. Total N (TN), Total P (TP) concentrations and runoff loads at outlet were monitored from 2006 to 2008. Soil phosphate adsorptivity was measured and compared with typical paddy soil in watersheds. TP concentration of the paddy water and TP runoff loads were much greater than those of typical paddy field in watershed because phosphate adsoptivity in reclaimed paddy field of fine sandy loam appeared to be a third of those of typical paddy soils by relatively low soil OM and high sand content of the reclaimed soil. Thus, nutrient runoff, particularly phosphate from the reclaimed paddy field needs to be managed more thoroughly to protect estuarine water quality.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.40 no.3
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• pp.382-390
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• 1995

To compare the rice yield and grain quality characteristics between mature(MPF) and reclaimed paddy field(RPF), grain yield and its components, some physicochemical properties of rice grain and palatability of cooked rice were investigated for Dongjinbyeo grown at three different locations of mature and reclaimed paddy field, respectively, in south western part of Korea. Variation of culm length in mature paddy area was larger than that in reclaimed saline area. Panicle number per m$^2$ in RPF was more then that in MPF but grain number per m$^2$, filled grain ratio and 1, 000-grain weight in RPF were lower than those in MPT. Average yield of milled rice in RPF was 12% lower than that in MPF (5.l1t /ha). Daejeon showed the highest yielding among MPF and Yeongam reveald the highest grain production among RPF. RPF rices had slightly higher carbohydrate content and alkali digestibility but lower protein, fat and amylose content compared with MPF rices. RPF rices also exhibited higher mineral contents, Mg/K ratio, peak and hot viscosity compared with MPF rices. RPF rice showed slightly poor apparent grain quality but a little better eating quality of cooked rice compared with MPF rice.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.51 no.spc1
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• pp.47-51
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• 2006

This study was conducted to establish the optimum seeding rate in different soil salinity level for yield stability of broadcasting on flooded paddy surface to the reclaimed saline land of south-western part at Gyehwado substation of the Honam Agricultural Research institute in $2003{\sim}2004$. Soeganbyeo was tested in the Munpo series (fine sand loam) the results obtained is as follows: As seeding rate was higher, the number of seeding stand was increased and the number of seeding stands in the low salinity field is sharply increased than those of the medium salinity field. The length of culm in medium salinity field tends to be shorter than that of the low salinity field and as seeding rate was increased, the lodging is severe. The milled rice yield was increased as up to 9 kg/10a in low and medium salinity soil. Complete rice was no significantly increased over 5 kg/10a seeding rate in low salinity field and over 7 kg/10a seeding rate in medium salinity field. Considering the yield of milled and complete rice, seeding stand and lodging, The proper seeding rate is $5{\sim}7kg/10a$ in low salinity and $7{\sim}9kg/10a$ in medium salinity for broadcasting on flooded paddy surface at the reclaimed saline land of southwestern part.

• Magazine of the Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers
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• v.45 no.4
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• pp.55-65
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• 2003

Pilot study was conducted to examine the effects of ponded-water depth and reclaimed wastewater irrigation on paddy rice culture. For the ponded-water depth effect, three treatments of shallow, traditional, and deep water depths were applied, and each treatment was triplicated. The irrigation water for the treatment pots was an effluent from constructed wetland system for sewage treatment, while the control pot was irrigated with tap water kept traditional ponded-water depth. Irrigation water quantity varied with ponded-water depth as expected and drainage water quantity also varied similarly, which implies that shallow irrigation might save irrigation water and also reduce environmental impacts on downstream water quality. Rice growth and production were not significantly affected by ponded-water depth within the experimental condition, instead there was an indication of increased production in shallow and deep ponded-water depths compared to the traditional practice. Raising drainage outlet to the adequate height in paddy dike might be beneficial to save water resources within the paddy field. There was no adverse effect observed in reclaimed wastewater irrigation on the rice production, and mean yield was even greater than the control pots with tap water irrigation although statistically not significant. Water-saving irrigation by shallow ponded-water depth, raising the outlet height in diked rice paddy fields, minimizing forced surface drainage by well-planned irrigation, and reclaimed wastewater irrigation are suggested to save water and protect water quality. However, deviation from traditional farming practices might affect rice growth in long term, and therefore, further investigations are recommended before full scale application.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.181-186
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• 2003

In order to evaluate the effect of salinity content in soil on chemical composition and productivity of rice which is suitable for the reclaimed saline paddy field, yield components and yield were investigated in 2,000 at reclaimed paddy field of Kwangyang bay in Korea. Heading date was early with Aug. 15 in soft salinification of 0.1 percent and late with from Aug. 20 to Aug. 25 in heavy salinification of 0.4 and 0.8 percent. Brown rice yield was highest in soft saliniflcation of 0.1 percent with 599kg/10a and was decreased with from 568kg/10a to 446kg/10a in heavy salinification of 0.4 and 0.8 percent. The correlation coefficient between brown rice yield and content of soil chemical composition, on organic matter, phosphate, nitrogen, potassium, calcium, and magnesium showed highly positive correlation and was shown negative correlation with pH meter. Judging from the results reported above, optimum salinification of saline paddy field seemed to be 0.1 percent.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.41 no.3
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• pp.370-375
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• 1996

This study was conducted to find out the feasibility in direct seeded rice cultivation on the reclaimed saline soil. Seedling emergence was tested under the different application rates of rice straw and seeding depth, and also under combined treatments soil moisture regimes and seeding depth on saline soils in a greenhouse. The comparison of seedling stand and yield performance of rice in rotary till after broadcast seeding and in non-plow after broadcast seeding were tested on a field that reclaimed saline soil. Seedling emergence ratio in application of rice straw(4 and 6 tons /ha) was higher than that in non-application of rice straw. Seedling emergence and plant height were remarkably increased with the shallow seeding depth in the application of rice straw(4 tons /ha). The seedling emergence under proper soil moisture condition(25%) was higher than that under excess soil moisture condition(35%). Under proper soil moisture condition, the plant height was increased with the shallowed seeding depth. The number of seedling stand per m$^2$ in non-plow after broadcast seeding was larger than that in rotary till after broadcast seeding. Panicle number per m$^2$ in non-plow after broadcast seeding was much larger than that in rotary till after broadcast seeding and the yield showed the same trends as panicle number.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers
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• v.47 no.4
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• pp.75-85
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• 2005

A study was performed to examine the effects of reclaimed-water irrigation on microorganism con-centration in ponded-water of paddy rice plots. Several treatments were used and each one was triplicated to evaluate the change of indicator microorganisms (total coliforms (TC), fecal coliforms FC), and E. coli) concentrations in 2003 and 2004 growing seasons. Their concentrations increased significantly right after irrigation, but decreased about $45\%$ in 24 hours. It implies that agricultural activities such as plowing and fertilizing should be practiced one or two days after irrigation considering health-risks. Treatments with UV-disinfected water irrigation demonstrated significantly lower concentrations than others including control plots where natural surface water was irrigated. The monitoring results from actual paddy rice fields and experimental paddy plots showed that concentrations of indicator microorganisms ranged from $10^2\;to\;10^5$ MPN/100mL. A comprehensive assessment of existing agricultural practices and a thorough monitoring in the field as well as treatment-plots are recommended to make more realistic national guidelines more applicable. UV-disinfected water irrigation reduced microorganism concentrations in paddy fields down to below the concentration of conventional paddy rice culture, and is thought to be an effective and feasible measure fur agricultural reuse of secondary effluent.

• Journal of Plant Biology
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.1-12
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• 1970

The Nongkwang variety was sown directly in the field by the three methods of dibbling, drill seeding and broad-casting in non-, low- and high-salty areas, and compared with the growth of transplanted rice in each areas. The yield of rough rice was increased remarkably by direct sowing when compared with that produced by transplanting inboth salty areas, but in non-salty area, the former was decreased significantly. There was no significant difference in the yields of rough rice resulting from three seedling methods of direct sowing in each area. The direct sowing method was predominated in number of panicle, weight of panicle, ratio of matured grains, milling recovery percentage, and straw weight in both salty areas, and dicreased in panicle weight and ratio of matured grain in nonsalty area.