• Journal of the Korea Concrete Institute
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.118-125
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• 2002

Hydration is the main reason for the growth of the material properties. An exact parameter to control the chemical and physical process is not the time, but the degree of hydration. Therefore, it is reasonable that development of all material properties and the formation of microstructure should be formulated in terms of degree of hydration. Mathematical formulation of degree of hydration is based on combination of reaction rate functions. The effect of moisture conditions as well as temperature on the rate of reaction is considered in the degree of hydration model. This effect is subdivided into two contributions: water shortage and water distribution. The former is associated with the effect of W/C ratio on the progress of hydration. The water needed for progress of hydration do not exist and there is not enough space for the reaction products to form. The tatter is associated with the effect of free capillary water distribution in the pore system. Physically absorption layer does not contribute to progress of hydration and only free water is available for further hydration. In this study, the effects of chemical composition of cement, W/C ratio, temperature, and moisture conditions on the degree of hydration are considered. Parameters that can be used to indicate or approximate the real degree of hydration are liberated heat of hydration, amount of chemically bound water, and chemical shrinkage, etc. Thus, the degree of heat liberation and adiabatic temperature rise could be determined by prediction of degree of hydration.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.37 no.5C
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• pp.355-364
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• 2012

Target processing mechanisms are necessary to collect target information, real-time data fusion, and tactical environment recognition for cooperative engagement ability. Among these mechanisms, the target tracking starts from predicting state of speed, acceleration, and location by using sensors' measurements. However, it can be a problem to give the reliability because the measurements have a certain uncertainty. Thus, a technique which uses multiple sensors is needed to detect the target and increase the reliability. Also, data fusion technique is necessary to process the data which is provided from heterogeneous sensors for target tracking. In this paper, a target tracking algorithm is proposed based on probabilistic data association(PDA) by fusing radar and ESM sensor measurements. The radar sensor's azimuth and range measurements and the ESM sensor's bearing-only measurement are associated by the measurement fusion method. After gating associated measurements, state estimation of the target is performed by PDA filter. The simulation results show that the proposed algorithm provides improved estimation under linear and circular target motions.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.36 no.3B
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• pp.275-286
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• 2011

As the 21st century paradigm of healthcare service changes from post-therapeutic treatment to disease prevention and management in advance, the M2M-based u-healthcare application service is increasingly important. M2M-based u-healthcare application service uses mobile handsets equipped with sensors to measure vital information, and the medical staff in remote locations can manage the health of the patient or the public in real time. In this paper, IEEE/HL7 translation gateway, utilizing the gateway based on M2M u-healthcare application service structure, which is based on international standards, has been designed and implemented. Specifically, the gateway between ISO/IEEE 11073 standards and ANSI HL7 has been developed. The former defines the protocol for the exchange of information between the agent device and the manger devices for measuring and handling biological signal, and the latter defines the application layer protocol for the exchange of various healthcare information systems. Finally, in order to demonstrate the functionality of the proposed architecture, the M2M-based U-healthcare application service based on IEEE/HL7 translation gateway, utilizing the gateway, has been developed which can measure, collect and process a variety of vital signs such as ECG or SpO2.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.39B no.9
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• pp.598-605
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• 2014

In this paper, we suggest a modified slotted ALOHA algorithm for fast tag collection in active RFID system and implement the reader and tag operation using CC2530 chip of Texas Instruments Co. to prove the performance of the proposed algorithm. In the present international standard related with active RFID including ISO/IEC 18000-7 the reader sends sleep command to each tag after successful obtaining tag's information. Meanwhile, in this paper, the tags decide to sleep after checking the second command from the reader resulting in enormously decreased tag collection time. We tested the proposed algorithm with 30 tags over the range of 0-3m and the results showed that the tag collection process was completed in 400msec at average. And 30 tags are collected in one second with 99.7% and the collection rate is 100% in 2m distance between reader and tag. The collection rates are 99.94% and 99.7% for distance 2.5m and 3m, respectively. The average collection rate is 99.91% over all range and it is concluded that the proposed algorithm is enough to apply to real fields.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.39 no.4
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• pp.353-360
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• 2015

The offshore oil production requires a huge amount of cost and time accompanied by multiple variables due to the peculiar nature of 'offshore'. And every process concerned is controlled by elaborate series of plans for reducing loss of lives, environment and property. This paper treats an optimization problem for offshore oil production and transportation. We present an offshore production and transportation network to define scope of the problem and construct a mixed integer linear programming model to tackle it. To demonstrate the validity of the optimization model presented, some computational experiments based on hypothetical offshore oil fields and demand markets are carried out by using MS Office Excel solver. The downstream of the offshore production and transportation network ends up with the maritime transportation problem distributing the crude oil produced from offshore fields to demand markets. We used MoDiSS(Model-based DSS in Ship Scheduling) which was built to resolve this maritime transportation problem. The paper concludes with the remark that the results of the study might be meaningfully applicable to the real world problems of offshore oil production and transportation.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.13 no.12
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• pp.2641-2646
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• 2009

The more growing on home automation system at automatic control, the more efficiency required for energy consumption and for recycling energy in near future. Heating is essential in general apartment. Heating method is two types in apartment. One uses electricity, and other one uses warm water. If use electricity, is not efficient by rise of electric charges. But, It can reduce much in expense aspect, if use warm water. When use warm water, temperature of warm water is not equal from all pipe parts. Therefore, indoor tempera can be unequal with set point. Solution of these problems is as following. Temperature sensor in warm water attach pipe. The measured temperature transmits by real time. Temperature of warm water controls in receiver side. In this paper, we propose an automatic temperature transmission system for the heating pipe at home, that is a low-power based, and supply the energy source from a small AC motor resided in bottom cement mortal. The proposed system is used in power mechanism from a collision process of water-jet using propeller water-difference and also designed a CPU module by Atmega8 at ATMEL co., Inc. and a communication module by CC1020 at Chipcon co., Inc.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartD
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• v.17D no.1
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• pp.1-8
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• 2010

Association rule mining techniques enable us to acquire knowledge concerning sales patterns among individual items from voluminous transactional data. Certainly, one of the major purposes of association rule mining is utilizing the acquired knowledge to provide marketing strategies such as catalogue design, cross-selling and shop allocation. However, this requires too much time and high cost to only extract the actionable and profitable knowledge from tremendous numbers of discovered patterns. In currently available literature, a number of interest measures have been devised to accelerate and systematize the process of pattern evaluation. Unfortunately, most of such measures, including support and confidence, are prone to yielding impractical results because they are calculated only from the sales frequencies of items. For instance, traditional measures cannot differentiate between the purchases in a small basket and those in a large shopping cart. Therefore, some adjustment should be made to the size of market baskets because there is a strong possibility that mutually irrelevant items could appear together in a large shopping cart. Contrary to the previous approaches, we attempted to consider market basket's size in calculating interest measures. Because the devised measure assigns different weights to individual purchases according to their basket sizes, we expect that the measure can minimize distortion of results caused by accidental patterns. Additionally, we performed intensive computer simulations under various environments, and we performed real case analyses to analyze the correctness and consistency of the devised measure.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Hazard Mitigation
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• v.5 no.4 s.19
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• pp.9-15
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• 2005

This research developed the RMIS(Risk Management Information System) which focus on works of risk management fields required of apply of a space information, and focus on the DB to establish and apply the space information efficiently with research scope on the LPG refueling station in city. On the basis of the RMIS, this research provides the baseline to lead on an efficiency of safety inspection of LPG refueling station, advance risk assessment, and efficient making decision of an accident correspondence assessment with interlocking the GIS representing risk through the automation of a quantitative risk assessment standardize requirement to control at real-time. The RMIS development process is as follows. firstly, Relational Database(RDB) was developed by using fundamental data both On-site and Off-site relating data as peforming risk assessment on the LPG refueling station in city. Second, the risk management integral database system was developed to monitor and control the risk efficiently for user with using the Visual Basic Program. Third, through interlocking the risk management integral database system and the GIS(Falcon-map) was suggested the decision making method. Represented results through out the RMIS program development are as follows. Firstly, the RMIS was established the mutual information to advance management the risk efficiently for user and inspector with using the risk management data. Second, as this study managed risk for on-site and off-site separately and considered effect for inside and outside of facility, constructed the basis on safety management which can respond to major accident. Third, it was composed the baseline to making decision that on the basis of user interface.

• The Journal of Korea Institute of Information, Electronics, and Communication Technology
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.86-100
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• 2015

Cloud computing is a computing term that evolved in the late 2000s, based on utility and consumption of computer resources. Google say that "Cloud computing involves deploying groups of remote servers and software networks that allow different kinds of data sources be uploaded for real time processing to generate computing results without the need to store processed data on the cloud. Cloud computing relies on sharing of resources to achieve coherence and economies of scale, similar to a utility (like the electricity grid) over a network. At the foundation of cloud computing is the broader concept of converged infrastructure and shared services. Cloud computing, or in simpler shorthand just "the cloud", also focuses on maximizing the effectiveness of the shared resources." The cloud service is a smart and/or intelligent service to save private files in any device, anytime, anywhere. Dropbox, OAuth, PAClous are required that the accumulated user's data are archives with cloud service. Currently we suggest an implementation technique to process many tasks to the cloud server with a thread pooling. Thread pooling is one of efficient implementating technique for client and service environment. In this paper, to present the implementation technique we suggest three diagrams in the consideration of software engineering.

• The Journal of Korea Institute of Information, Electronics, and Communication Technology
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• v.10 no.6
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• pp.580-586
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• 2017

The establishment of big data service environment requires both cloud-based network technology and clustering technology to improve the efficiency of information access. These cloud-based networks and clustering environments can provide variety of valuable information in real-time, which can be an intensive target of attackers attempting illegal access. In particular, attackers attempting IP spoofing can analyze information of mutual trust hosts constituting clustering, and attempt to attack directly to system existing in the cluster. Therefore, it is necessary to detect and respond to illegal attacks quickly, and it is demanded that the security policy is stronger than the security system that is constructed and operated in the existing single system. In this paper, we investigate routing pattern changes and use them as detection information to enable active correspondence and efficient information service in illegal attacks at this network environment. In addition, through the step-by -step encryption based on the routing information generated during the detection process, it is possible to manage the stable service information without frequent disconnection of the information service for resetting.